Vranjina Monastery

Vranjina Monastery
Манастир Врањина
Shown within Montenegro
Basic information
Location Vranjina island on Skadar Lake
Geographic coordinates 42°16′14″N 19°08′42″E / 42.2706°N 19.1450°E / 42.2706; 19.1450Coordinates: 42°16′14″N 19°08′42″E / 42.2706°N 19.1450°E / 42.2706; 19.1450
Affiliation Serbian Orthodox Church
Territory Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral
Founder Saint Sava or Ilarion Šišojević[1]
Completed 1221—1223[2]

Vranjina Monastery or Vranina Monastery[3] (Serbian Cyrillic: Манастир Врањина) or St. Nicholas' Monastery is a Serbian Orthodox monastery on south-east part[4] of Vranjina island on Skadar Lake in Montenegro. Vranjina Monastery with its church dedicated to Saint Nicholas is one of the oldest monasteries in Montenegro.[5]

History

Based on the 1233 chrysobull of Rastko Nemanjić (Saint Sava), the oldest document mentioning this monastery, it can be concluded that it was founded between 1221 and 1223 by Sava, the first archbishop of the autocephalous Serbian Church,[6] or by Ilarion Šišojević, the first metropolitan bishop of the Metropolitanate of Zeta.[7] According to some accounts, Ilarion was buried in the courtyard of the monastery.[8]

The monastic metochion was initially formed by land and income granted to the monastery by members of the Nemanjić dynasty, who gave the richest donations to the monastery. Saint Sava granted some land of the Holy Savior metochion on Plavnica to Vranjina, while King Stefan Vladislav granted the Crmnica villages of Godinje, Medveđa Glava and Kruševica to the monastery, and queen Helen of Anjou granted it land around Krnjica and Uljanik in Kruševica in 1280. Around 1296 King Stefan Milutin granted the village of Orahovo and 100 perpers of income from the Sveti Srdj market near Skadar to the monastery.[4][9] Vranjina soon became famous for its richness. In 1348, Emperor Stefan Dušan awarded the monastery together with half of its income to the church in Jerusalem dedicated to Archangel Michael (believed to be founded by King Milutin). That way Vranjina became a metochion of the Church of Archangel Michael in Jerusalem.[10]

Vranjina was later granted with rich estates by members of the Balšić and Crnojević noble families who ruled Zeta. In 1404 Đurađ Stracimirović gave the village of Rake to the monastery while Balša III gave it a salt pond (1417) and the village of Karuč in Crmnica (1420).[10] In the period after Nemanjić rule, during which all estates belonged to the supreme monarch, minor local nobility began to lay ownership claims to the land, some even taking parts of monastic metochions. In 1469 Ivan Crnojević returned all of Vranjina's former estates which included villages in Zeta valley, Limljani, Limsko Polje, Brčeli, Optočići, Tomići and Šišovići. In 1478, during the Siege of Shkodra, sultan Mehmed the Conqueror confirmed all existing rights and privileges to the monastery in order to gain support from the surrounding tribes.[11]

The monastery was a temporary seat of the Metropolitanate of Zeta until Ivan Crnojević moved it to Cetinje in 1485.[12] The monastery was so poor in the 17th century that in 1665 its hegumen, together with hegumen of Moračnik Monastery, requested help from the Catholic bishop of Scutari Pjetër Bogdani.[13]

References

  1. ↑ Velibor V. Džomić (2006). Pravoslavlje u Crnoj Gori. Svetigora. Retrieved 22 June 2013. По предању, основао га је Свети Сава, или пак први Зетски Епископ Иларион, Савин ученик (који је овдје и сахрањен).
  2. ↑ Glasnik Srpskoga učenog društva ... 1870. p. 167. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  3. ↑ Vasilije Marković (1920). Pravoslavno monaštvo i manastiri u srednjevekovnoj Srbiji. Srpska Manastirska Štamp. p. 78. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  4. 1 2 P. Jovićević 2011, p. 27
  5. ↑ Pribislav Simić (1994). Crkvena umetnost: pregled razvoja graditeljstva i živopisa. Sv. arhijerejski sinod Srpske pravoslavne crkve. p. 326. Retrieved 22 April 2013. Међу најстарије манастире у Црној Гори спада манастир ВРАЊИНА са црквом Св. Николе, на острву у Скадарском језеру код Вирпазара.
  6. ↑ Sava (Bishop of Šumadija.) (1996). Srpski jerarsi: od devetog do dvadesetog veka. Evro. p. 193. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  7. ↑ Vladan Đorđević (1920). Car Dušan: istorijski roman iz XIV-oga veka. Naklada Hrvatskog štamparskog zavoda. p. 77. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  8. ↑ Škrivanić, Gavro (1959). Istorijski zapisi. p. 37. Retrieved 22 June 2013. ... Николе иа Врањини подигао је зетсни епископ Иларион, један од нооилаца црквене политике св. Саве у овим областима.2 По Н. Дучићу, он је био сахрањен у припрати саме цркве са леве стране при зиду.
  9. ↑ Pribislav Simić (1994). Crkvena umetnost: pregled razvoja graditeljstva i živopisa. Sv. arhijerejski sinod Srpske pravoslavne crkve. p. 326. Retrieved 22 April 2013. Св. Сава му је издао повељу о прилаган>у земље, а доцније су га даривали и други Не
  10. 1 2 P. Jovićević 2011, p. 28
  11. ↑ P. Jovićević 2011, p. 29
  12. ↑ Istorijski zapisi. 1959. p. 38. Retrieved 22 April 2013. Николе на Врањини, где је остало све до 1481 године, када је Иван Црнојевић, господар централне Зете тога времена, подигао манастир св. Богородице на Цетињу и одредио га за седиште зетских митрополита.
  13. ↑ Томаш Марковић (1969). Историја школства и просвјете у Црној Гори. Завод за издавање уџбеника Социјалистичке Републике Србије. p. 144. Retrieved 8 August 2013. Он је у XVII веку био веома сиромашан

Further reading

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