List of endangered languages in Asia
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its speakers, it becomes an extinct language. UNESCO defines four levels of language endangerment between "safe" (not endangered) and "extinct":[1]
- Vulnerable
- Definitely endangered
- Severely endangered
- Critically endangered
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent.
Afghanistan
Main article: Languages of Afghanistan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ashkun language | Definitely endangered[1] | ask | |
| Brahui language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | brh |
| Central Asian Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan | abh, auz |
| Gambiri language (Tregami language) | Severely endangered[1] | trm | |
| Gawar-Bati language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | gwt |
| Kati language Kamkata-viri language, Kata-vari dialect Kamviri dialect | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | bsh, xvi |
| Moghol language | Critically endangered[1] | mhj | |
| Munji language | Severely endangered[1] | mnj | |
| Ningalami language | Severely endangered[1] | nli | |
| Ormuri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | oru |
| Parachi language | Definitely endangered[1] | prc | |
| Parya language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan | paq |
| Pashayi language | Vulnerable[1] | aee, glh, psh, psi | |
| Prasun language Wasi-wari language | Definitely endangered[1] | prn | |
| Rushani language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan | sgh |
| Sanglechi language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan | sgl |
| Savi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | sdg |
| Shughni language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan | sgh |
| Shumashti language | Severely endangered[1] | sts | |
| Tirahi language | Critically endangered[1] | tra | |
| Waigali language | Definitely endangered[1] | wbk | |
| Wakhi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Pakistan, Tajikistan | wbl |
| Wotapuri-Katarqalai language | Definitely endangered[1] | wsv | |
Armenia
Main article: Languages of Armenia
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pontic Greek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Georgia, Greece, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine | pnt |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey | aii |
Azerbaijan
Main article: Languages of Azerbaijan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Budukh language | Severely endangered[1] | bdk | |
| Juhuri language Judeo-Tat language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | jdt |
| Khinalug language | Severely endangered[1] | kjj | |
| Kryz language | Severely endangered[1] | kry | |
| Lezgian language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | lez |
| Rutul language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | rut |
| Talysh language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iran | tly |
| Tat language | Severely endangered[1] | ttt | |
| Tsakhur language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | tkr |
| Udi language | Severely endangered[1] | udi | |
Bangladesh
Main articles: Languages of Bangladesh and List of endangered languages in Bangladesh
Bhutan
Main article: Languages of Bhutan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black Mountain Monpa language 'Ole language | Definitely endangered[1] | ole | |
| Brokkat language | Definitely endangered[1] | bro | |
| Brokpa language | Definitely endangered[1] | sgt | |
| Bumthang language | Vulnerable[1] | kjz | |
| Chali language | Definitely endangered[1] | tgf | |
| Chocangaca language | Definitely endangered[1] | cgk | |
| Dakpa language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | dka |
| Dzala language | Vulnerable[1] | dzl | |
| Dzongkha language | Vulnerable[1] | dzo | |
| Gongduk language | Vulnerable[1] | goe | |
| Kheng language | Vulnerable[1] | xkf | |
| Kurtöp language | Vulnerable[1] | xkz | |
| Lakha language | Definitely endangered[1] | lkh | |
| Lepcha language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India, Nepal | lep |
| Lhokpu language | Definitely endangered[1] | lhp | |
| Nupbikha language | Vulnerable[1] | npb | |
| Nyenkha language | Vulnerable[1] | neh | |
| Tawang language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, India | twm |
| Tshangla language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, India | tsj |
Burma (Myanmar)
Main article: Languages of Burma
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akeu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos, Thailand | aeu |
| Amok language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Laos, Thailand | mqt |
| Angku language | Critically endangered[1] | ||
| Anung language | Severely endangered[1] | nun | |
| Bisu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | bzi |
| Chothe language | Definitely endangered[1] | nct | |
| Danaw language | Critically endangered[1] | dnu | |
| Ganan language | Severely endangered[1] | zkn | |
| Kadu language | Severely endangered[1] | kdv | |
| Laomian language | Definitely endangered[1] | lwm | |
| Moklen language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | mwt |
| Mon language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | mnw |
| Mru language | Severely endangered[1] | mro | |
| Palaung language | Severely endangered[1] | pce | |
| Pale language | Severely endangered[1] | pce | |
| Riang language | Critically endangered[1] | ril | |
| Rumai language | Severely endangered[1] | rbb | |
| Sak language | Vulnerable[1] | ckh | |
| Tailoi language | Critically endangered[1] | tlq | |
| Taruang language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, India | mhu |
| Wa language | Severely endangered[1] | prk or wbm |
Cambodia
Main article: Languages of Cambodia
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brao language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos, Vietnam | brb |
| Chong language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | cog |
| Kaco' language | Definitely endangered[1] | xkk | |
| Kasong language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | has no iso code |
| Kraol language | Critically endangered[1] | rka | |
| Kravet language | Critically endangered[1] | krv | |
| Krueng language | Severely endangered[1] | krr | |
| Kuay language | Severely endangered[1] | kdt | |
| Pear language | Severely endangered[1] | pcb | |
| Phnong language | Severely endangered[1] | cmo | |
| Sa'och language | Critically endangered[1] | Also known as: Chung Also spoken in: Thailand | scq |
| Somray language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | smu |
| Samre language | Critically endangered[1] | sxm | |
| Song language | Critically endangered[1] | ||
| Stieng language | Severely endangered[1] | sti or stt | |
| Tampuan language | Severely endangered[1] | tpu | |
| Western Cham language | Vulnerable[1] | cja | |
China
Main articles: Languages of China and List of endangered languages in China
Cyprus
Main article: Languages of Cyprus
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cypriot Arabic language | Severely endangered[1] | acy | |
Georgia
Main article: Languages of Georgia
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhaz language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia, Turkey | abk |
| Bats language | Severely endangered[1] | bbl | |
| Bohtan Neo-Aramaic language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | bhn |
| Homshetsma language Homshetsi dialect | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | hye (?) |
| Laz language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Turkey | lzz |
| Mingrelian language | Definitely endangered[1] | xmf | |
| Ossete language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | oss |
| Pontic Greek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Greece, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine | pnt |
| Svan language | Definitely endangered[1] | sva | |
| Udi language | Severely endangered[1] | udi | |
| Urum language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia, Ukraine | uum |
India
Main articles: Languages of India and List of endangered languages in India
Indonesia
Main articles: Languages of Indonesia and List of endangered languages in Indonesia
Iran
Main article: Languages of Iran
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ashtiani language | Definitely endangered[1] | atn | |
| Bashkardi language | Definitely endangered[1] | bsg | |
| Dari language | Definitely endangered[1] | gbz | |
| Dzhidi language | Definitely endangered[1] | jpr | |
| Gazi language | Definitely endangered[1] | gzi | |
| Hawrami language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq | bjm, hac, sdb, sdf |
| Khalaj language | Vulnerable[1] | klj | |
| Khorasani Turkic language | Vulnerable[1] | kmz | |
| Khunsari language | Definitely endangered[1] | kfm | |
| Koroshi language | Critically endangered[1] | ktl | |
| Lari language | Definitely endangered[1] | lrl, fay | |
| Mandaic language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq | mid |
| Natanzi language | Severely endangered[1] | ntz | |
| Nayini language | Severely endangered[1] | nyq | |
| Semnani language | Definitely endangered[1] | lsa, sgr, smy, sqo | |
| Senaya language | Critically endangered[1] | syn | |
| Sivandi language | Definitely endangered[1] | siy, faz | |
| Soi language | Definitely endangered[1] | soi | |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iraq, Syria, Turkey | aii, cld |
| Talysh language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Azerbaijan | tly |
| Tati language | Definitely endangered[1] | avd, esh, goz, hrz, kgn, okh, rat, rdb, shm, tks, tov, vmh, xkj, xkc, xkp | |
| Vafsi language | Definitely endangered[1] | vaf | |
Iraq
Main article: Languages of Iraq
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Israel, Jordan, The Republic of Macedonia, Russia, Syria, Turkey | ady |
| Hawrami language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iran | bjm, hac, sdb, sdf |
| Mandaic language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iran | mid |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iran, Syria, Turkey | aii, cld |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Lebanon, Syria | hye |
Israel
Main article: Languages of Israel
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Jordan, The Republic of Macedonia, Russia, Syria, Turkey | ady |
| Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic language | Critically endangered[1] | bjf | |
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine, Syria | rmt |
| Hulaula language Hulaulá language | Severely endangered[1] | huy | |
| Judeo-Berber language | Severely endangered[1] | jbe | |
| Judezmo language | Severely endangered[1] | lad | |
| Juhuri language | Definitely endangered[1] | jdt | |
| Lishan Didan language | Severely endangered[1] | trg | |
| Lishana Deni language | Severely endangered[1] | lsd | |
| Lishanid Noshan language | Severely endangered[1] | aij | |
| Moroccan Judeo-Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | aju | |
| Judeo-Tunisian Arabic language | Severely endangered[1] | ajt | |
| Yiddish language | Definitely endangered[1] | ydd | |
Japan
Main article: Languages of Japan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ainu language | Critically endangered[1] | ain | |
| Amami language | Definitely endangered[1] | ams, kzg, ryn, tkn | |
| Hachijō language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Kunigami language | Definitely endangered[1] | okn, xug, yox | |
| Miyako language | Definitely endangered[1] | mvi | |
| Okinawan language | Definitely endangered[1] | ryu | |
| Yaeyama language | Severely endangered[1] | rys | |
| Yonaguni language | Severely endangered[1] | yoi | |
Jordan
Main article: Languages of Jordan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Israel, The Republic of Macedonia, Russia, Syria, Turkey | ady |
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine, Syria | rmt |
Kazakhstan
Main article: Languages of Kazakhstan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dungan language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Kyrgyzstan | dng |
Kyrgyzstan
Main article: Languages of Kyrgyzstan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dungan language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Kazakhstan | dng |
| Oyrat language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Mongolia | xal |
Laos
Main article: Languages of Laos
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aheu language | Definitely endangered[1] | thm | |
| Akeu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Burma, Thailand | aeu |
| Amok language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Burma, Thailand | mqt |
| Arem language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | aem |
| Bana language | Severely endangered[1] | phq | |
| Brao language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia, Vietnam | brb |
| Chatong language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Chepya language | Definitely endangered[1] | ycp | |
| Dakkang language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Hung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | hnu |
| O’du language | Critically endangered[1] | tyh | |
| Juk language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Kri language | Severely endangered[1] | aem | |
| Maleng language | Definitely endangered[1] | pkt | |
| May language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | scb |
| Mlabri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | mra |
| Mok language | Definitely endangered[1] | tlq | |
| Psing language | Definitely endangered[1] | bgk | |
| Phong language | Definitely endangered[1] | hnu, tmk | |
| Phunoi language | Vulnerable[1] | could be multiple languages | pho |
| Phong language | Definitely endangered[1] | pnx | |
| Ruc language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | scb |
| Sach language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | scb |
| Saek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | skb |
| Sila language (Laos) | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | slt |
| Tai Daeng language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | tyr |
| Tai Neua language | Vulnerable[1] | tdd | |
| Thavung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | thm |
| Theen language | Severely endangered[1] | ||
| Triw language | Definitely endangered[1] | kuf? (or Bru related?) | |
| Tum language | Definitely endangered[1] | tmk | |
Lebanon
Main article: Languages of Lebanon
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Libya, Palestine, Syria | rmt |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Syria | hye |
Malaysia
Main article: Languages of Malaysia
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abai Sungai language | Definitely endangered[1] | abf | |
| Batek language | Critically endangered[1] | btq | |
| Cheq Wong language | Definitely endangered[1] | cwg | |
| Duano' language | Critically endangered[1] | dup | |
| Jah Hut language | Severely endangered[1] | jah | |
| Jahai language | Critically endangered[1] | jhi | |
| Kanowit language | Severely endangered[1] | kxn | |
| Kensiw language | Critically endangered[1] | kns | |
| Kintaq language | Critically endangered[1] | knq | |
| Kristang language | Severely endangered[1] | mcm | |
| Lanoh language | Critically endangered[1] | lnh | |
| Mah Meri language | Severely endangered[1] | mhe | |
| Menriq language | Critically endangered[1] | mnq | |
| Jakun language | Definitely endangered[1] | jak | |
| Orang Seletar language | Severely endangered[1] | ors | |
| Punan Batu language | Critically endangered[1] | pnm | |
| Semai language | Severely endangered[1] | sca | |
| Semaq Beri language | Critically endangered[1] | szc | |
| Semelai language | Severely endangered[1] | sza | |
| Sian language | Severely endangered[1] | spg | |
| Temiar language | Definitely endangered[1] | tea | |
| Temuan language | Severely endangered[1] | tmw | |
| Ukit language | umi | ||
Mongolia
Main article: Languages of Mongolia
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Buryat language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China | bxm, bxr, bxu |
| Dukha language | Severely endangered[1] | ||
| Evenki language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | evn, orh |
| Khamnigan Mongol language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Russia | |
| Khövsgöl Uryangkhay language | Critically endangered[1] | ||
| Oyrat language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Kyrgyzstan | xal |
| Tuvan language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, Russia | tyv |
Nepal
Main articles: Languages of Nepal and List of endangered languages in Nepal
Oman
Main article: Languages of Oman
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bathari language | Critically endangered[1] | bhm | |
| Harsusi language | Definitely endangered[1] | hss | |
| Hobyot language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Yemen | hoh |
| Jibbali language | Severely endangered[1] | shv | |
| Khojki language Luwati language | Severely endangered[1] | luv | |
| Kumzari language | Severely endangered[1] | zum | |
| Mehri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Yemen | gdq |
| Zidgali language | Critically endangered[1] | ||
Pakistan
Main article: Languages of Pakistan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Balti language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: India | bft |
| Bashkarik language | Definitely endangered[1] | gwc, xka | |
| Bateri language | Definitely endangered[1] | btv | |
| Bhadravahi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | bhd |
| Brahui language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | brh |
| Burushaski language | Vulnerable[1] | bsk | |
| Chilisso language | Severely endangered[1] | clh | |
| Dameli language | Severely endangered[1] | dml | |
| Domaaki language | Severely endangered[1] | dmk | |
| Gawar-Bati language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | gwt |
| Gowro language | Severely endangered[1] | gwf | |
| Jad language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | jda |
| Kalasha language | Severely endangered[1] | Not to be confused with Kalasha-ala language | kls |
| Kalkoti language | Severely endangered[1] | ||
| Kati language Kamkata-viri language, Kata-vari dialect Kamviri dialect | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | bsh, xvi |
| Khowar language | Vulnerable[1] | khw | |
| Kundal Shahi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | |
| Maiya language | Vulnerable[1] | mvy | |
| Ormuri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | oru |
| Phalura language | Definitely endangered[1] | phl | |
| Purik language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: India | prx |
| Savi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sdg |
| Spiti language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: India | spt |
| Torwali language | Definitely endangered[1] | trw | |
| Ushojo language | Definitely endangered[1] | ush | |
| Wakhi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan | wbl |
| Yidgha language | Definitely endangered[1] | ydg | |
| Zangskari language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | zau |
Palestine
Main article: Languages of Palestine
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Syria | rmt |
Philippines
Main article: Languages of Philippines
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabat Island Agta language | Critically endangered[1] | dul | |
| Bataan Ayta language | Definitely endangered[1] | ayt | |
| Batak language | Definitely endangered[1] | bya | |
| Camarines Norte Agta language | Severely endangered[1] | abd | |
| Central Cagayan Agta language | Vulnerable[1] | agt | |
| Dupaninan Agta language | Vulnerable[1] | duo | |
| Faire Atta language | Severely endangered[1] | azt | |
| Isarog Agta language | Critically endangered[1] | agk | |
| Mt. Iraya Agta language | Definitely endangered[1] | atl | |
| Northern Alta language | Severely endangered[1] | aqn | |
| Ratagnon language | Severely endangered[1] | btn | |
| Sorsogon Ayta language | Critically endangered[1] | ays | |
Sri Lanka
Main article: Languages of Sri Lanka
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vedda language | Definitely endangered[1] | may be extinct | ved |
Syria
Main article: Languages of Syria
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Israel, Jordan, The Republic of Macedonia, Russia, Turkey | ady |
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine | rmt |
| [Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language]] | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey | aii, cld |
| Turoyo language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Turkey | tru |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Lebanon | hye |
| Western Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | amw | |
Tajikistan
Main article: Languages of Tajikistan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bartangi language | Severely endangered[1] | sgh | |
| Central Asian Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Afghanistan | abh, auz |
| Ishkashimi language | Severely endangered[1] | sgl | |
| Parya language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Afghanistan | paq |
| Roshorvi language | Severely endangered[1] | sgh | |
| Rushani language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sgh |
| Sanglechi language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sgl |
| Shughni language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sgh |
| Wakhi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Pakistan, Afghanistan | wbl |
| Yaghnobi language | Definitely endangered[1] | yai | |
| Yazgulami language | Severely endangered[1] | yah | |
Thailand
Main article: Languages of Thailand
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akeu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos, Burma | aeu |
| Amok language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Laos, Burma | mqt |
| Bisu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Burma | bzi |
| Bru language | Definitely endangered[1] | brv | |
| Chong language | Severely endangered[1] | Ethnic remnant in: Cambodia | cog |
| Gong language | Severely endangered[1] | ugo | |
| Kasong language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia | |
| Kensiw language | Severely endangered[1] | kns | |
| Kuy language | Definitely endangered[1] | nyl ? | |
| Lavua language | Definitely endangered[1] | lcp | |
| Lua language | Definitely endangered[1] | prb | |
| Maniq language | Definitely endangered[1] | tnz | |
| Mlabri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | mra |
| Mok language | Definitely endangered[1] | mqt | |
| Moklen language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Burma | mwt |
| Mon language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Burma | mnw |
| Mpi language | Definitely endangered[1] | mpz | |
| Nyah Kur language | Definitely endangered[1] | cbn | |
| Patani Malay language | Vulnerable[1] | mfa | |
| Saek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | skb |
| Sa'och language | Critically endangered[1] | Also known as: Chung Also spoken in: Cambodia | scq |
| Somray language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia | smu |
| Thavung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | thm |
| Urak Lawoi language | Definitely endangered[1] | urk | |
Timor-Leste
Main article: Languages of Timor-Leste
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adabe language | Vulnerable[1] | adb | |
| Habu language | Vulnerable[1] | hbu | |
| Kairui-Midiki language | Vulnerable[1] | krd | |
| Maku'a language | Critically endangered[1] | lva | |
| Naueti language | Vulnerable[1] | nxa | |
| Waima'a language | Definitely endangered[1] | wmh | |
Turkey
Main article: Languages of Turkey
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abaza language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | abq |
| Abkhaz language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Georgia, Russia | abk |
| Adyge language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Israel, Jordan, The Republic of Macedonia, Russia, Syria | ady |
| Gagauz language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Greece, The Republic of Macedonia | bgx, gag |
| Hértevin language | Critically endangered[1] | hrt | |
| Homshetsma language | Definitely endangered[1] | hye | |
| Judezmo language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, The Republic of Macedonia, Morocco, Romania, Serbia | lad |
| Kabard-Cherkes language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | kbd |
| Laz language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Georgia | lzz |
| Pontic Greek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Georgia, Greece, Russia, Ukraine | pnt |
| Romani language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Albania, Germany, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, The Republic of Macedonia, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Serbia, Montenegro | rmc, rmf, rml, rmn, rmo, rmw, rmy |
| Chaldean Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Syria | aii, cld |
| Turoyo language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Syria | tru |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | hye | |
| Zazaki language | Vulnerable[1] | zza | |
Turkmenistan
Main article: Languages of Turkmenistan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trukhmen language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | |
Uzbekistan
Main article: Languages of Uzbekistan
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bukharic language | Definitely endangered[1] | bhh | |
| Central Asian Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan, Afghanistan | abh, auz |
| Parya language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan, Afghanistan | paq |
Vietnam
Main article: Languages of Vietnam
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arem language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | aem |
| Baheng language | Vulnerable[1] | pha | |
| Bih | Severely endangered[2] | apart of Rade | |
| Brao language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia, Laos | brb |
| Chrau language | Definitely endangered[1] | crw | |
| Chru language | Vulnerable[1] | cje | |
| Côông language | Definitely endangered[1] | cnc | |
| Cosung language | Definitely endangered[1] | lkc | |
| Eastern Cham language | Definitely endangered[1] | cjm | |
| En language | Critically endangered[1] | enc | |
| Green Gelao language | Critically endangered[1] | giq | |
| Hung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | hnu |
| O'du language | Critically endangered[1] | tyh | |
| Kháng language | Severely endangered.[1] Compare to Quang Lam language, Kháng language | kjm | |
| Lachi language | Definitely endangered[1] | lwh | |
| Laghuu language | Definitely endangered[1] | lgh | |
| Laha language | Definitely endangered[1] | lha | |
| Mang language | Definitely endangered[1] | zng | |
| May language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | scb |
| Mo'ang language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Nguon language | Vulnerable[1] | nuo | |
| Nung Ven language | Vulnerable[1] | enc | |
| Phula language | Definitely endangered[1] | ypa, ypg, ypo, yip, ypn, yhl, ypb, phh, ypm, ypp, yph, ypz | |
| Red Gelao language | Critically endangered[1] | gir | |
| Ruc language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | scb |
| Sach language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | scb |
| Sila language (Laos) | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | slt |
| Tai Daeng language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | tyr |
| White Gelao language | Severely endangered[1] | giw | |
Yemen
Main article: Languages of Yemen
| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hobyot language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Oman | hoh |
| Mehri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Oman | gdq |
| Razihi language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Soqotri language | Severely endangered[1] | sqt | |
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010). Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger. Memory of Peoples (3rd ed.). Paris: UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 978-92-3-104096-2. Retrieved 2015-04-11.
- ↑ Language endangerment factors: a case study with Bih. Tam Nguyen. 2015. Presentation given at 4th International Workshop on the Sociolinguistics of Language Endangerment. Payap University.
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