1870 in the United Kingdom

1870 in the United Kingdom:
Other years
1868 \| 1869 \| 1870 (1870) \| 1871 \| 1872
Individual countries of the United Kingdom
England \| Ireland \| Scotland \| Wales
Sport
1870 English cricket season

Events from the year 1870 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch — Victoria
Prime Minister — William Ewart Gladstone (Liberal)

Events

28 January — General Post Office takes over business of private telegraph companies.^[1]
5 March — First ever (unofficial) international football match, England v Scotland, takes place under the approval of the Football Association at The Oval, London.
10 May — Jem Mace wins the boxing championship of the world, defeating fellow Englishman Tom Allen at Kenner, near New Orleans.^[2]
19 May — The Home Government Association is established in Ireland by Isaac Butt to argue for devolution for Ireland and repeal of the Act of Union 1800.^[3]
late Spring — Army Enlistment (Short Service) Act allows reduction in length of enlistment to the British Army as part of the Cardwell Reforms.^[4]
2 June — Competitive examination for entry to the British civil service introduced.^[5]
23 June — Keble College, Oxford, opens, the first new college of the University of Oxford in more than a century.
2 August — Official opening of the Tower Subway beneath the River Thames in London, the world's first underground passenger "tube" railway.^[6] Although this lasts as a railway operation only until November, it demonstrates the technologically successful first use of the cylindrical wrought iron tunnelling shield devised by Peter W. Barlow and James Henry Greathead.^[7]
4 August — British Red Cross established as the British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War by Lord Wantage.^[6]
9 August
- Elementary Education Act 1870 drafted by William Edward Forster MP encourages elementary education by creating a system of School boards in England and Wales.^[3]^[6] Women are eligible to stand and vote for local school boards where created.
- Married Women's Property Act confirms that wives may own property of their own.^[5]
1 October — Postcards and halfpenny postage stamps introduced by the Post Office.^[6]

Publications

1 January — The Northern Echo newspaper launched in Darlington.
April–September — Serialisation of Charles Dickens' novel The Mystery of Edwin Drood, only half complete due to his death on 9 June.
Edward Jenkins' satire Ginx's Baby: his birth and other misfortunes.
William Robinson's gardening book The Wild Garden.
Dante Gabriel Rossetti's Poems,^[8] exhumed from Elizabeth Siddal's grave.

Births

12 February — Marie Lloyd, music-hall singer (died 1922)
4 March — Thomas Sturge Moore, poet, author and artist (died 1944)
17 March — Horace Donisthorpe, entomologist (died 1951)
9 May — Harry Vardon, golfer (died 1937)
11 August — Tom Richardson, cricketer (died 1912)
18 December — Saki, writer (died 1916)
Doncaster, racehorse (died 1892)

Deaths

6 May — James Young Simpson, physician and researcher (born 1811)
9 June — Charles Dickens, novelist (born 1812)
9 December — Patrick MacDowell, sculptor (born 1799)

References

↑ Blake, Richard. The Book of Postal Dates, 1635–1985. Caterham: Marden. p. 15.
↑ Mace, Ralph. "Jem Mace, Champion of the World". Retrieved 2010-08-09.
1 2 Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 422–423. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
↑ Ensor, R.C.K. (1936). 14, "England 1870–1914". The Oxford History of England. Oxford University Press. p. 16.
1 2 Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 291–292. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
1 2 3 4 Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
↑ Smith, Denis (2001). Civil Engineering Heritage: London and the Thames Valley. Thomas Telford. pp. 22–23. ISBN 0-7277-2876-8.
↑ Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1870 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria-Hungary Baden Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Liechtenstein Luxembourg Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United Principalities

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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