William Giffard

For those of a similar name, see William Gifford (disambiguation).

William Giffard
Bishop of Winchester
Victorian-era reconstruction of the coat of arms of William Giffard, from the Winchester Great Hall
Church	Catholic
Appointed	3 August 1100
Term ended	before 25 January 1129
Predecessor	Walkelin
Successor	Henry of Blois
Orders
Consecration	11 August 1107
Personal details
Died	23 January 1129

William Giffard (d. 23 January 1129,^[1] was the Lord Chancellor of England of William II and Henry I, from 1093 to 1101,^[2] and Bishop of Winchester (1100–1129).

William was the son of Walter Giffard, Lord of Longueville and Ermengarde, daughter of Gerard Flaitel.^[3] He also held the office of Dean of Rouen prior to his election as bishop.^[4] On 3 August 1100 he became bishop of Winchester^[5] by nomination of Henry I. Henry nominated him probably in an attempt to win the support of the clergy in Henry's bid to claim the throne directly after the death of William Rufus.^[6] He was one of the bishops elect whom Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury refused to consecrate in 1101 as having been nominated and invested by the lay power.

During the investitures dispute William was on friendly terms with Anselm, and drew upon himself a sentence of banishment through declining to accept consecration from Gerard Archbishop of York in 1103. He was, however, one of the bishops who pressed Anselm, in 1106, to give way to the king. He was finally consecrated after the settlement of 1107 on 11 August^[5] and became a close friend of Archbishop Anselm. As bishop, William aided the first Cistercians to settle in England, when in 1128 he brought monks from L'Aumône Abbey in France to settle at Waverley Abbey.^[7] He also restored Winchester Cathedral with great magnificence.

Among William's actions as bishop was the refounding of a religious house at Taunton and the staffing of it with Austin canons. The canons were drawn from Merton Priory.^[8] He was known for the close and good relations that he had with the monks of his cathedral chapter, sharing their meals and sleeping with them instead of in his own room.^[9]

William died shortly before 25 January 1129, the date he was buried.^[10]

Citations

↑ M. J. Franklin, ‘Giffard, William (d. 1129)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 83
↑ Keats-Rohan, Domesday People, Vol I, p. 456
↑ Spear "Norman Empire" Journal of British Studies p. 7
1 2 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 276
↑ Teunis "Coronation Charter of 1100" Journal of Medieval History p. 138
↑ Burton Monastic and Religious Orders p. 69
↑ Burton Monastic and Religious Orders p. 47
↑ Bethell "English Black Monks" English Historical Review p. 682
↑ British History Online Bishops of Winchester accessed on 2 November 2007

References

Bethell, D. L. (1969). "English Black Monks and Episcopal Elections in the 1120s". The English Historical Review. 84 (333): 673–694. doi:10.1093/ehr/LXXXIV.CCCXXXIII.673.
Burton, Janet (1994). Monastic and Religious Orders in Britain: 1000–1300. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-37797-8.
British History Online Bishops of Winchester accessed on 2 November 2007
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
Keats-Rohan, K.S.B. (1999). Domesday People, A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066-1166, Volume I. Woodbridge, UK: The Boydell Press. ISBN 0-85115-722-X.
Spear, David S. (1982). "The Norman Empire and the Secular Clergy, 1066–1204". Journal of British Studies (fee required)|format= requires |url= (help). XXI (2): 1–10. doi:10.1086/385787. JSTOR 175531.
Teunis, Henry B. (1978). "The Coronation Charter of 1100: A Postponement of Decision. What did not Happen in Henry I's reign". Journal of Medieval History. 4 (2): 135–144. doi:10.1016/0304-4181(78)90003-9.

Political offices
Preceded by Robert Bloet	Lord Chancellor 1093–1101	Succeeded by Roger of Salisbury
Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Walkelin	Bishop of Winchester 1100–1129	Succeeded by Henry of Blois

Bishops of Winchester

Early Medieval	Birinus, Bishop of Dorchester Agilbert, Bishop of Dorchester Wine Leuthere Hædde Daniel Hunfrith Cyneheard Æthelheard Ecgbald Dudd Cyneberht Ealhmund Wigthegn Herefrith (disputed) Eadmund (disputed) Eadhun Helmstan Swithun Ealhferth Tunbeorht Denewulf Frithestan Beornstan/Byrnstan ÆlfheahI ÆlfsigeI Beorhthelm ÆthelwoldI ÆlfheahII

High Medieval	Cenwulf ÆthelwoldII ÆlfsigeII Ælfwine Stigand Walkelin William Giffard Henry of Blois Richard of Ilchester Godfrey de Luci Richard Poore Peter des Roches Ralph Neville William de Raley Aymer de Valence Andrew of London William de Taunton John Gervais Nicholas of Ely Robert Burnell Richard de la More John of Pontoise

Late Medieval	Henry Woodlock John Sandale Rigaud of Assier John de Stratford Adam Orleton William Edington William of Wykeham Henry Beaufort William Waynflete Peter Courtenay Thomas Langton

Early modern	Richard Foxe Thomas Wolsey Stephen Gardiner John Ponet Stephen Gardiner John White Robert Horne John Watson Thomas Cooper William Wickham William Day Thomas Bilson James Montague Lancelot Andrewes Richard Neile Walter Curle Brian Duppa George Morley Peter Mews Jonathan Trelawny Charles Trimnell Richard Willis Benjamin Hoadly John Thomas Brownlow North

Late modern	George Pretyman Tomline Charles Sumner Samuel Wilberforce Harold Browne Anthony Thorold Randall Davidson Herbert Ryle Edward Talbot Frank Woods Cyril Garbett Mervyn Haigh Alwyn Williams Falkner Allison John Taylor Colin James Michael Scott-Joynt Tim Dakin

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "^{article name needed}". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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