List of Soviet Union–United States summits

Soviet Union–United States summits were held from 1943 to 1991. The topics discussed at the summits between the President of the United States and either the General Secretary or the Premier of the Soviet Union ranged from fighting the Axis Powers during World War II to arms control between the two superpowers themselves during the Cold War.^[1]

Allies of World War II

Main article: Allies of World War II

The "Big Three" Allied leaders (left to right) at the Yalta Conference, February 1945: Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin.

Clement Attlee, Harry S. Truman and Joseph Stalin at the Potsdam Conference, July 1945.

Date	Site	President of the United States	General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union	Notes
November 28–December 1, 1943	Tehran, Iran^[2]	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Joseph Stalin	Also in attendance Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom. See Tehran Conference
February 4–11, 1945	Yalta, Soviet Union^[2]	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Joseph Stalin	Also in attendance Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom. First visit by a United States President to the Soviet Union.^[3] See Yalta Conference
July 17–August 2, 1945	Potsdam, Soviet occupied Germany^[4]	Harry S. Truman	Joseph Stalin	Also in attendance Prime Ministers Winston Churchill and Clement Attlee of the United Kingdom. See Potsdam Conference

Cold War (1953–1962)

Main article: Cold War (1953–1962)

Nikita Khrushchev views the wreckage of a downed Lockheed U-2. The 1960 U-2 incident was a major topic at the May 16–17, 1960 summit in Paris.

Nikita Khrushchev meeting John F. Kennedy at the Vienna Summit, June 1961

Date	Site	President of the United States	General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union	Notes
July 18–23, 1955	Geneva, Switzerland^[5]	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolai Bulganin	Also in attendance Prime Minister Anthony Eden of the United Kingdom and Prime Minister Edgar Faure of France. See Geneva Summit
September 15, 26–27, 1959	Washington, D.C. and Camp David, United States^[6]^[7]	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Nikita Khrushchev	First visit by a Soviet leader to the United States.
May 16–17, 1960	Paris, France^[5]	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Nikita Khrushchev	Also in attendance Prime Minister Harold Macmillan of the United Kingdom and President Charles de Gaulle of France. Khrushchev left the summit due to the dispute over the 1960 U-2 incident.
June 3–4, 1961	Vienna, Austria^[8]	John F. Kennedy	Nikita Khrushchev	See Vienna Summit

Cold War (1962–1979)

Main article: Cold War (1962–1979)

Date	Site	President of the United States	General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union	Notes
June 23 and 25, 1967	Glassboro, United States^[6]	Lyndon B. Johnson	Alexei Kosygin	See Glassboro Summit Conference
May 22–30, 1972	Moscow, Soviet Union^[9]	Richard Nixon	Leonid Brezhnev and Alexei Kosygin	Signing of the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, the first Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I), and the U.S.–Soviet Incidents at Sea Agreement. See Moscow Summit (1972).
June 18–25, 1973	Washington, D.C., United States^[6]	Richard Nixon	Leonid Brezhnev and Alexei Kosygin	Signing of the Agreement on the Prevention of Nuclear War.
June 28–July 3, 1974	Moscow, Soviet Union^[9]	Richard Nixon	Leonid Brezhnev	Signing of the Threshold Test Ban Treaty (TTBT).
November 23–24, 1974	Vladivostok, Soviet Union^[10]	Gerald Ford	Leonid Brezhnev	See Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control
July 30 and August 2, 1975	Helsinki, Finland^[10]	Gerald Ford	Leonid Brezhnev	See Helsinki Accords and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
June 15–18, 1979	Vienna, Austria^[11]	Jimmy Carter	Leonid Brezhnev	Signing of the second Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT II).

Leonid Brezhnev meets with Richard Nixon during the Soviet leader's trip to the U.S. in June 1973

Jimmy Carter and Leonid Brezhnev signing SALT II Treaty, June 18, 1979, in Vienna

Cold War (1985–1991)

Main article: Cold War (1985–1991)

Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan sign the INF Treaty at the White House in December 1987

George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev at the Helsinki summit in 1990

Date	Site	President of the United States	General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union	Notes
November 19–21, 1985	Geneva, Switzerland^[12]	Ronald Reagan	Mikhail Gorbachev	See Geneva Summit
October 10–12, 1986	Reykjavík, Iceland^[12]	Ronald Reagan	Mikhail Gorbachev	See Reykjavík Summit
December 7–10, 1987	Washington, D.C., United States^[6]	Ronald Reagan	Mikhail Gorbachev	Signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty. See Washington Summit.
May 29–June 1, 1988	Moscow, Soviet Union^[12]	Ronald Reagan	Mikhail Gorbachev	See Moscow Summit (1988).
December 7, 1988	New York City, United States^[6]	Ronald Reagan	Mikhail Gorbachev	Also in attendance President-elect George H. W. Bush. Gorbachev left the summit early due to the 1988 Spitak earthquake which struck the Armenian S.S.R. that same day.
December 2–3, 1989	Valletta, Malta^[13]	George H. W. Bush	Mikhail Gorbachev	See Malta Summit
May 30–June 3, 1990	Washington, D.C., United States^[6]	George H. W. Bush	Mikhail Gorbachev	Signing of the 1990 Chemical Weapons Accord
September 9, 1990	Helsinki, Finland^[13]	George H. W. Bush	Mikhail Gorbachev	Discussed the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.^[14]
November 19, 1990	Paris, France^[13]	George H. W. Bush	Mikhail Gorbachev	Signing of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe.
July 17, 1991	London, United Kingdom^[13]	George H. W. Bush	Mikhail Gorbachev	Held in conjunction with the 17th G7 Summit.
July 30–31, 1991	Moscow, Soviet Union^[13]	George H. W. Bush	Mikhail Gorbachev	Signing of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I).
October 29–30, 1991	Madrid, Spain^[13]	George H. W. Bush	Mikhail Gorbachev	Held in conjunction with the Madrid Conference of 1991.

References

↑ Fain III, W. Taylor "Chronology: US-Soviet summits, 1943-1991" US Department of State Dispatch, August 12, 1991
1 2 "Travels of President Franklin D. Roosevelt". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
↑ "Presidents Travels to Russia". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2012-01-03.
↑ "Travels of President Harry S. Truman". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
1 2 "Travels of President Dwight D. Eisenhower". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
1 2 3 4 5 6 "Visits By Foreign Leaders of Russia". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2012-01-05.
↑ "1959 Year In Review Khrushchev Visits the United States". United Press International. Archived from the original on 2012-01-05.
↑ "Travels of President John F. Kennedy". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
1 2 "Travels of President Richard M. Nixon". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
1 2 "Travels of President Gerald R. Ford". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
↑ "Travels of President Jimmy Carter". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
1 2 3 "Travels of President Ronald Reagan". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
1 2 3 4 5 6 "Travels of President George H. W. Bush". U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 2011-12-04.
↑ "Joint News Conference of President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev in Helsinki, Finland September 9, 1990". The American Presidency Project. Archived from the original on 2012-01-05.

External links

Zbigniew Brzezinski interviewed about the summits from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
"Address to the Nation on the Soviet-United States Summit Meeting December 10, 1987". Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Archived from the original on 2012-01-05.
"Reagan, Gorbachev and Bush at Governor's Island". The National Security Archive. Archived from the original on 2012-01-05.

Cold War

USA USSR ANZUS NATO Non-Aligned Movement SEATO Warsaw Pact

1940s	Hukbalahap Rebellion Dekemvriana Yalta Conference Guerrilla war in the Baltic states Forest Brothers Operation Priboi Operation Jungle Occupation of the Baltic states Cursed Soldiers Operation Unthinkable Potsdam Conference Gouzenko Affair Operation Masterdom Operation Beleaguer Operation Blacklist Forty Iran crisis of 1946 Greek Civil War Corfu Channel incident Turkish Straits crisis Restatement of Policy on Germany First Indochina War Truman Doctrine Asian Relations Conference Marshall Plan 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état Tito–Stalin Split Berlin Blockade Western betrayal Iron Curtain Eastern Bloc Western Bloc Chinese Civil War (Second round) Malayan Emergency Albanian Subversion

1950s	Bamboo Curtain Korean War 1953 Iranian coup d'état Uprising of 1953 in East Germany 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état Partition of Vietnam First Taiwan Strait Crisis Geneva Summit (1955) Poznań 1956 protests Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Suez Crisis Syrian Crisis of 1957 Sputnik crisis Second Taiwan Strait Crisis Cuban Revolution Kitchen Debate Bandung Conference Bricker Amendment McCarthyism Operation Gladio Iraqi July Revolution "We will bury you"

1960s	Congo Crisis Sino-Soviet split 1960 U-2 incident Bay of Pigs Invasion 1960 Turkish coup d'état Soviet–Albanian split Berlin Wall Portuguese Colonial War Angolan War of Independence Guinea-Bissau War of Independence Mozambican War of Independence Cuban Missile Crisis Sino-Indian War Communist insurgency in Sarawak Iraqi Ramadan Revolution 1963 Syrian coup d'état Vietnam War 1964 Brazilian coup d'état United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1965–66) South African Border War Transition to the New Order Domino theory ASEAN Declaration Laotian Civil War 1966 Syrian coup d'état Argentine Revolution Korean DMZ Conflict Greek military junta of 1967–74 USS Pueblo incident Six-Day War War of Attrition Cultural Revolution Prague Spring Communist insurgency in Malaysia Invasion of Czechoslovakia Iraqi Ba'athist Revolution Goulash Communism Sino-Soviet border conflict CPP-NPA-NDF rebellion Corrective Move

1970s	Détente Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Black September in Jordan Corrective Movement (Syria) Cambodian Civil War Realpolitik Ping-pong diplomacy 1971 Turkish military memorandum Corrective Revolution (Egypt) Four Power Agreement on Berlin Bangladesh Liberation War 1972 Nixon visit to China North Yemen-South Yemen Border Conflict 1973 Chilean coup d'état Yom Kippur War Carnation Revolution Strategic Arms Limitation Talks Rhodesian Bush War Angolan Civil War Mozambican Civil War Ogaden War Ethiopian Civil War Lebanese Civil War Sino-Albanian split Cambodian–Vietnamese War Sino-Vietnamese War Iranian Revolution Operation Condor Dirty War Korean Air Lines Flight 902 Saur Revolution New Jewel Movement 1979 Herat uprising Seven Days to the River Rhine Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

1980s	Soviet–Afghan War 1980 and 1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 1980 Turkish coup d'état Invasion of Grenada 1986 Black Sea incident 1988 Black Sea bumping incident Solidarity Soviet reaction Contras Central American crisis RYAN Korean Air Lines Flight 007 Able Archer 83 Star Wars People Power Revolution Nagorno-Karabakh War Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall Revolutions of 1989 Glasnost Perestroika

1990s	Mongolian Revolution of 1990 Yemeni unification Fall of Communism in Albania Breakup of Yugoslavia Dissolution of the Soviet Union Dissolution of Czechoslovakia

Frozen conflicts	Abkhazia China Korea Nagorno-Karabakh South Ossetia Transnistria Sino-Indian border dispute

Foreign policy	Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan Containment Eisenhower Doctrine Domino theory Hallstein Doctrine Kennedy Doctrine Peaceful coexistence Ostpolitik Johnson Doctrine Brezhnev Doctrine Nixon Doctrine Ulbricht Doctrine Carter Doctrine Reagan Doctrine Rollback Sovereignty of Puerto Rico during the Cold War

Ideologies	Capitalism Chicago school Keynesianism Monetarism Neoclassical economics Reaganomics Supply-side economics Thatcherism Communism Marxism–Leninism Castroism Eurocommunism Guevarism Hoxhaism Juche Maoism Naxalism Stalinism Titoism Liberal democracy Social democracy

Organizations	ASEAN CIA Comecon EEC KGB Non-Aligned Movement SAARC Safari Club MI6 Stasi

Propaganda	Active measures Izvestia Pravda Crusade for Freedom Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Red Scare TASS Voice of America Voice of Russia

Races	Arms race Nuclear arms race Space Race

See also	Brinkmanship NATO–Russia relations Soviet espionage in the United States Russian espionage in the United States American espionage in the Soviet Union Soviet Union–United States relations US–Soviet summits Cold War II

Category Portal Timeline List of conflicts

Foreign relations of the United States

Bilateral relations

Africa

East	Burundi Comoros Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Rwanda Seychelles Somalia South Sudan Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe

Middle	Angola Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Equatorial Guinea Gabon São Tomé and Príncipe

North	Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Sudan Tunisia

Southern	Botswana Lesotho Namibia South Africa Swaziland

West	Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Ivory Coast The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Senegal Sierra Leone Togo

Americas

Caribbean	Aruba Barbados Cayman Islands Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Grenada Haiti Jamaica St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago

Central	Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama

Northern	Bermuda Canada trade relations

South	Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela

Asia

Central	Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan

East	China Hong Kong Japan Macau Mongolia North Korea South Korea Taiwan

South	Afghanistan Bangladesh India Maldives Nepal Pakistan (military relations) Sri Lanka

Southeast	Brunei Burma Cambodia East Timor Indonesia Laos Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam

West	Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iran Iraq Israel military relations Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen

Europe

East	Belarus Bulgaria Czech Republic Hungary Moldova Poland Romania Russia Slovakia Ukraine

North	Denmark Estonia Finland Iceland Ireland Latvia Lithuania Norway Sweden United Kingdom

South	Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Greece Italy Kosovo Macedonia Malta Montenegro Portugal San Marino Serbia Slovenia Spain Vatican City

West	Austria Belgium France Germany Liechtenstein Luxembourg Monaco Netherlands Switzerland

Oceania

Former states

Multilateral relations

Arab League Commonwealth of Nations European Union Latin America United Nations Third Border Initiative International organizations

Doctrines, policies, concepts

Presidential doctrines	Proclamation of Neutrality Monroe Roosevelt Corollary Good Neighbor policy Truman Eisenhower Kennedy Johnson Nixon Carter Reagan Clinton Bush Obama

Other doctrines	Lodge Corollary Stimson Kirkpatrick Weinberger Powell Rumsfeld Wolfowitz

Policies and concepts	Blowback Containment Domino theory Non-interventionism Progressive realism Rollback Special Relationship Taiwan Relations Act

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