Great Fountain Geyser

Great Fountain Geyser

Sunset eruption
Location Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
Coordinates 44°32′11″N 110°48′00″W / 44.536424°N 110.7998826°W / 44.536424; -110.7998826Coordinates: 44°32′11″N 110°48′00″W / 44.536424°N 110.7998826°W / 44.536424; -110.7998826[1]
Elevation 7,349 feet (2,240 m) [2]
Type Fountain geyser
Eruption height 75 feet (23 m) to 220 feet (67 m)
Frequency 9 to 15 hours
Duration 1 hour (2 hours max)
Temperature 49 °C (120 °F) [1]

The Great Fountain Geyser is a fountain-type geyser located in the Firehole Lake area of Lower Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. It is the only predictable geyser in the Lower Geyser Basin.[3]

Eruption

The geyser erupts every 9 to 15 hours. Great Fountain's maximum height ranges from about 75 feet (23 m) to over 220 feet (67 m). Its duration is usually about one hour but durations of over two hours have been seen. The duration of an eruption affects the interval that will elapse before the next eruption, so that if the duration of an eruption is recorded, the time of the following eruption can be predicted to a precision of about two hours. The prediction can be refined, to plus or minus 15 minutes or so, through observation of overflow from the crater during the period between eruptions.[4] While this pattern of behavior is observed most of the time, there are occasional episodes of so-called "wild-phase" activity during which the eruptions are of greatly extended duration and intervals between eruptions may be as long as three days.[4] The geyser is then unpredictable until wild-phase activity ceases and more normal eruptions resume.

Nearby White Dome Geyser, which erupts considerably more frequently (albeit less powerfully) from a large geyserite cone, is easily seen from the same parking lot that affords a viewpoint for Great Fountain. The thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus, important because it produces an enzyme used in polymerase chain reaction laboratory procedures central to modern molecular biology, was first isolated from Mushroom Pool, a non-eruptive hot spring a few hundred feet from White Dome Geyser.[4]

Images of Great Fountain Geyser
Crater, W.H. Jackson, 1883 
Eruption, 1967 

References

  1. 1 2 "Great Fountain Geyser". Yellowstone Geothermal Features Database. Montana State University.
  2. ↑ "Great Fountain Geyser". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
  3. ↑ "Great Fountain Geyser". The Geyser Observation and Study Association.
  4. 1 2 3 Bryan, T. Scott (2008). Geysers of Yellowstone, The (4th ed.). University Press of Colorado. ISBN 978-0-87081-924-7.
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