No. 10 Group RAF

No. 10 Group RAF
Group Crest
Active	1918 - 1945
Country	United Kingdom
Branch	Royal Air Force
Type	Group Headquarters
Role	Defence of South western England and Southern Wales
Part of	RAF Fighter Command
Garrison/HQ	RAF Box, Wiltshire, England
Motto(s)	Challenge

No. 10 Group of the Royal Air Force is a disbanded group.

History

It was formed on 1 April 1918 in No. 2 Area. On 8 May of the next year it was transferred to South-Western Area. In 1919 it was transferred to Coastal Area where it remained until it was disbanded on 18 January 1932.

The group was re-formed on 1 June 1940 within Fighter Command to enable neighbouring No. 11 Group to function more efficiently. Its area of operation was the south-western region of England. Commanded by Air Vice Marshal Sir Quintin Brand, 10 Group supported 11 Group in the Battle of Britain by rotating squadrons, providing additional fighter support when needed, and supplying additional pilots. The Air Officer Commanding (AOC) of 11 Group, Air Vice Marshal Keith Park, had a far warmer relationship with Brand than with the AOC of 12 Group, Air Vice Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallory, who regarded Park with jealousy.^[1]

As well as providing support for 11 Group, 10 Group also had some squadrons of aircraft that could not be risked in the Battle of Britain (Gloster Gladiator, Boulton Paul Defiant).

Brown's Quarry, a small quarry north of Tunnel Quarry, was converted into an underground operations centre for HQ No. 10 Group, RAF Box.^[2]

After the Battle of Britain, 10 Group also provided fighter cover missions for convoys approaching and leaving the British Isles. Pilots rotated into 10 Group from either 12 or 13 Group knew that soon they would go over to 11 Group, so the pilots took advantage of their comparatively safer area of operation to hone their skills.

No. 10 Group was reabsorbed into No. 11 Group on 2 May 1945.

Order of Battle 1 August 1940

Squadrons included:^[3]

Command	Aircraft	Location/Status	Notes
HQ, No. 10 Group		RAF Box	AVM Sir Christopher Brand
Pembrey Sector		RAF Pembrey	Wing Commander J.H. Hutchinson
No. 92 Squadron RAF	Supermarine Spitfire		Sqn Leader P.J. Sanders
Filton Sector		RAF Filton	Gp Capt R. Hanmer
No. 87 Squadron RAF	Hawker Hurricane
No. 213 Squadron RAF	Hurricane
Fighter Section, St. Eval Sector		RAF St Eval	Gp Capt L.G. le B. Croke
No. 234 Squadron RAF	Spitfire
Flight, No. 247 Squadron RAF	Gloster Gladiator
Middle Wallop Sector		RAF Middle Wallop	Wg Cdr D. Roberts
No. 152 Squadron RAF	Spitfire
No. 238 Squadron RAF	Hurricane
No. 604 Squadron RAF	Bristol Blenheim
No. 609 Squadron RAF	Spitfire

Commanders

The following officers have been in command of 10 Group:^[4]

1918 to 1932

1 April 1918 Lieutenant Colonel (later Colonel) A W Bigsworth
1 August 1919 Group Captain H P Smyth Osbourne
27 July 1921 Group Captain J L Forbes
1 December 1924 Air Commodore E A D Masterman
6 April 1928 Air Commodore T C R Higgins
1 November 1929 Air Commodore A W Bigsworth
1 October 1931 Wing Commander L C Kemble (possibly a temporary appointment)
1 November 1931 Group Captain (later Air Commodore) N J Gill

1940 to 1945

15 June 1940 Air Vice-Marshal Sir Quintin Brand
22 July 1941 Air Vice-Marshal A H Orlebar
4 November 1942 Air Vice-Marshal W F Dickson
5 May 1943 Air Vice-Marshal C R Steele
3 June 1944 Air Commodore A V Harvey
10 July 1944 Air Vice-Marshal J B Cole-Hamilton
Nov 1944 Unknown

References

↑ Leigh Mallory disloyalty
↑ "Secret Underground Cities". Retrieved 5 November 2014.
↑ Leo Niehorster Fighter Command, RAF, 01.08.1940, accessed November 2011
↑ Rafweb.org

Air Defence of Great Britain during the Second World War

Overview

People

RAF	Hugh Dowding Charles Portal Cyril Newall Trafford Leigh-Mallory Keith Park Sholto Douglas

Army	Frederick Pile

Scientists	R. V. Jones Robert Watson-Watt

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Commands	RAF Fighter Command RAF Balloon Command RAF Coastal Command Anti-Aircraft Command RAF Bomber Command

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