Eugen Oswald

Eugen (Eugene) Oswald
Born (1826-10-16)16 October 1826
Heidelberg
Died 16 October 1912(1912-10-16) (aged 86)[1]
London
Nationality German
Occupation journalist, translator, teacher, philologist

Eugen Oswald (16 October 1826 – 16 October 1912), was a journalist, translator, teacher and philologist. Participant of the German revolutions of 1848–49.

Biography

Eugen Oswald was born in Heidelberg. His father August Carl Oswald, publisher for the university and his mother Christiane Brédé. Oswald was the youngest child of the five children of the family.[2][3] He visited the Kurfürst-Friedrich-Gymnasium Heidelberg. After A level he studied Jurisprudence at the University of Heidelberg.[4] He was a journalist in Germany with democratic beliefs. He participated in the revolutionary movement in Baden in 1848-1849. He published in the „Mannheimer Abendzeitung“. After the defeat of the Baden uprising, Eugen Oswald emigrated to Paris in 1849. Together with Edgar Quinet he wrote for the monthly newspaper „La Liberté de penser“. After Napoleon III French coup d'état of 1851 he was sent to Mazas Prison and wrote there his „Gefängnisbetrachtungen über Frankreich“.[5] He was expelled from France and go to London.[6] The publisher of the „Mannheimer Abendzeitung“ Jean Pierre Grohe and Oswald were condemned of High treason on 24 August 1854 by the Hofgericht Mannheim. Oswald for 4 years House of correction or 2 years and 8 month Solitary confinement.[7] His first job he got at University College School.[8] In England he named himself since 1868 "Eugene Oswald".[9] His translation The Sphere and Duties of Government influenced John Stuart Mill for his book „On Liberty“.[10] 1857 he was employed at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich as an instructor.[11] He taught at the Working Men´s College and was president of the Carlyle Society.[12] 1870/1871 he helped Marx and Engels to defeat the Paris Commune during the Franco-Prussian War. In 1874 he got the Doctor (title) from the University of Göttingen.[13][14] He wrote for Meyer's Konversations-Lexikon.[15] In 1892, he taught Prince Albert the later King George VI in German language.[16] In 1907, he helped to translate letters of Queen Victoria.[17] He died on October 16, 1912 in London.

He was one of the founders of the English Goethe Society[18] and a friend of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

His wife named Caroline Goodwin. They had one son and two daughters.

In 1941, the Bodleian Library bought a collection of letters written to Eugen Oswald by prominent liberals and socialists.[19]

Works

References

  1. Joseph McCabe.
  2. Reminiscences of a busy life, p. 3 ff.
  3. Oxford DNB.
  4. Karl Bartsch (Ed.): Ruperto Carola. 1386 - 1886. Illustrirte Fest-Chronik der V. Säcular-Feier der Universität Heidelberg. Petters, 1886, p. 200.
  5. Reminiscences of a busy life, Chapter A Political Prisoner at Mazas, p. 231 ff.
  6. Meyer´s Konversations-Lexikon. Eine Encyklopädie des Allgemeinen Wissens. 4. gänzlich umgearb. Aufl. Siebzehnter Band. Ergänzungen und Nachträge. Register. Leipzig 1890.
  7. Bayerisches Volksblatt. No. 235. 7. September 1850, p. 939. Digitalisat
  8. „Assistant master at University College School, London“. See A German reading book, with notes. George Routledge, London 1857. D
  9. In every English publication he used that name.
  10. Franz Bornmüller.
  11. Biographisches Schriftsteller-Lexikon der Gegenwart.
  12. Meyer´s Konversations-Lexikon. 1890.
  13. ″Eugen Oswald, z. Dr. phil. prom. 655.″ In: Nachrichten von der Königl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und der G.A. Universität zu Göttingen . Dieterichsche Buchhandlung, Göttingen, 1875, p. 28.
  14. ″28) Dezember. Eugen Oswald aus Heidelberg. (Auf Grund literaturgesch. Druckschr.) Abs.″ In: Nachrichten von der Königl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und der G.A. Universität zu Göttingen . Dieterichsche Buchhandlung, Göttingen, 1875, p. 655.
  15. „Verzeichnis der Mitarbeiter an der vierten Auflage von Meyers Konversations = Lexikon.“ (..) „Dr. E. Oswald in London: Englische Litteratur (Zeitgenossen). Erster Band, Leipzig 1884, p. 1021.
  16. Sarah Bradford: George VI. The Dutiful King. Penguin UK, London 2013.
  17. The Letters of Queen Victoria. A Selection From Her Majesty's Correspondence Between the Years 1837 and 1861.
  18. Reminiscences of a busy life, p. 557.
  19. The Bodleian library record. Vol. 2. Oxord 1941, p. 24.
  20. Wolfgang Eckhardt (Ed.): Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin. Ausgewählte Schriften. Vol. 3. Karin Kramer, Berlin 1996, p. 32.
  21. „Still, I have spent no pains to discover the author’s sense in all cases, and to give it in simple and unmistakable words; and I would here mention, with grateful acknowledgment, the valuable assistance I have received in this endeavour from my accomplished German friend, Mr. Eugen Oswald: those who are best acquainted with the peculiarities of thought and style which characterize the writer, will be best able to appreciate the importance of such assistance.“ p. V.
  22. Giuliano Campioni: [Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsches] persönliche Bibliothek. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2003, p. 337.
  23. With dedication from Eugen Oswald to Friedrich Engels „Friedrich Engels in alter hochachtungsvoller, warmer Freundschaft, von Eug. Oswald. London, 17 September 87“. Bibliothek Friedrich Engels. SPD signature 31120. See Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe. Abteilung IV. Vol. 32, p. 496 Nr. 981.
  24. Originally published in Auf der Höhe. Internationale Revue. Ed. by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch. Greßner & Schramm, Leipzig 1884, p. 35–52.

Further reading

External links

  1. Oswald an Engels 1./2. May 1871, p. 208–209; Oswald an Marx 28. May 1871, p. 255–259.
  2. Wilhelm Liebknecht an Oswald. 14. September 1870.
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