Dragon (keelboat)

International Dragon
Development
Class symbol

Designer	Johan Anker
Location	Norway
Year	1929
Design	One-Design
Boat
Crew	2–4 Maximum crew weight: 285 kg (628 lb)
Draft	1.20 m (3 ft 11 in)
Hull
Type	Monohull
Construction	Carvel GRP Cold moulded plywood Composite
Hull weight	1,700 kg (3,700 lb)
LOA	8.90 m (29.2 ft)
LWL	5.66 m (18.6 ft)
Beam	1.95 m (6 ft 5 in)
Hull Appendages
Keel/Board Type	Fixed
Rig
Rig Type	Bermuda rig
Sails
Mainsail area	16.0 m² (172 sq ft)
Jib / Genoa area	11.7 m² (126 sq ft)
Spinnaker area	23.6 m² (254 sq ft)
Upwind Sail Area	27.7 m² (298 sq ft)
Misc
D-PN	89.5
RYA PN	986
Former Olympic class (Vintage Yachting class)

Dragon racing in 2008.

Wooden dragon, built by Abeking & Rasmussen (1954) on the Großer Brombachsee

Magic Dragon used as a bar in Britannia Yacht Club's Dragon pub

The Dragon is a one-design keelboat designed by Norwegian Johan Anker in 1929. In 1948 the Dragon became an Olympic Class, a status it retained until the Munich Olympics in 1972. The Dragon's long keel and elegant metre-boat lines remain unchanged, but today Dragons are constructed using the latest technology to make the boat durable and easy to maintain. GRP construction was introduced in 1973 and the rigging has been regularly updated.^[1]

The Dragon class is actively represented in over 26 countries on 5 continents. There were 1,444 boats registered in 2004 and the number of boats built has averaged 45 per year. There are many more which are used for day sailing. The World Championships are held in every odd year and the European Championships are held annually. The Gold Cup, which can only be held in certain specified European countries, is unique in that all six races count without discard. It is held annually and often attracts over 100 entries, usually starting in one fleet.

A strong Class Association manages the class rules carefully to ensure safety, high quality and uniformity. Spars and sails have a wide range of adjustment during racing, allowing a skillful crew to optimize the boat for any conditions. Crew weight limits, and restrictions on hiking out allow the Dragon to be raced successfully by a range of ages and both genders. It is possible to tow the Dragon behind many vehicles. It is often dry-sailed. It may be raced against boats of other classes, employing a Portsmouth Yardstick handicap of 986^[2] or a D-PN of 89.5.^[3]

History

The Dragon class was initiated by the Royal Gothenburg Yacht Club, who gave Norwegian yacht designer Johan Anker a brief for a cheap cruising/racing boat with about 20 20 square metres (220 sq ft) of sail area.^[4] After the Second World War, the boat was considered slow, and genoa and spinnaker was introduced.^[4]

Since 2008 the Dragon is one of the Vintage Yachting Classes at the Vintage Yachting Games.

Events

Olympic Games^[5]

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Norway (NOR)	2	0	0	2
2	Denmark (DEN)	1	2	1	4
3	Sweden (SWE)	1	2	0	3
4	United States (USA)	1	0	2	3
5	Australia (AUS)	1	0	0	1
5	Greece (GRE)	1	0	0	1
7	East Germany (GDR)	0	1	1	2
8	Argentina (ARG)	0	1	0	1
9	United Team of Germany (EUA)	0	0	1	1
	Great Britain (GBR)	0	0	1	1
	West Germany (FRG)	0	0	1	1
	Italy (ITA)	0	0	1	1
		7	7	7	21

Year	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1948 London	Norway (NOR) Thor Thorvaldsen Haakon Barfod Sigve Lie	Sweden (SWE) Folke Bohlin Gösta Brodin Hugo Johnson	Denmark (DEN) William Berntsen Klaus Baess Ole Berntsen
1952 Helsinki	Norway (NOR) Thor Thorvaldsen Haakon Barfod Sigve Lie	Sweden (SWE) Per Gedda Erland Almqvist Sidney Boldt-Christmas	Germany (GER) Theodor Thomsen Erich Natusch Georg Nowka
1956 Melbourne	Sweden (SWE) Folke Bohlin Bengt Palmquist Leif Wikström	Denmark (DEN) Ole Berntsen Cyril Andresen Christian von Bülow	Great Britain (GBR) Graham Mann Ronald Backus Jonathan Janson
1960 Rome	Greece (GRE) HRH Crown Prince Constantine Odysseus Eskidioglou Georgios Zaimis	Argentina (ARG) Jorge Salas Chávez Héctor Calegaris Jorge del Río Sálas	Italy (ITA) Antonio Cosentino Antonio Ciciliano Giulio De Stefano
1964 Tokyo	Denmark (DEN) Ole Berntsen Christian von Bulow Ole Poulsen	Germany (EUA) Peter Ahrendt Wilfried Lorenz Ulrich Mense	United States (USA) Lowell North Richard Deaver Charles Rogers
1968 Mexico City	United States (USA) George Friedrichs Barton Jahncke Gerald Schreck	Denmark (DEN) Aage Birch Poul Richard Høj Jensen Niels Markussen	East Germany (GDR) Paul Borowski Karl-Heinz Thun Konrad Weichert
1972 Kiel	Australia (AUS) John Cuneo Thomas Anderson John Shaw	East Germany (GDR) Paul Borowski Karl-Heinz Thun Konrad Weichert	United States (USA) Donald Cohan Charles Horter John Marshall

World Championships^[6]

Main article: Dragon World Championships

Vintage Yachting Games^[7]

Main article: Vintage Yachting Games

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Netherlands	1	1	0	2
2	Ukraine	1	0	0	1
3	United Kingdom	0	1	0	1
4	Australia	0	0	1	1
4	Russia	0	0	1	1

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
2008 Medemblik	Netherlands (NED) Reinier Wissenraet Gijs Evers Marc Reijnhoudt	United Kingdom (GBR) Miss Gavia Wilkimson-Cox Ron Rosenberg Jon Mortimer	Australia (GER) Gordon Ingate David Giles Keith Musto
2012 Lake Como	Ukraine (UKR) Yevgen Braslavetz Georgii Leonchuk Sergey Timokhov	Netherlands (NED) Reinier Wissenraet Pim ten Harmsen van der Beek Marc Reijnhoudt	Russia (RUS) Vasiliy Senatorov Igor Ivashintsov Aleksandr Muzychenko
2016 Weymouth Bay

European Championships^[8]

Coupe Virginie Hériot

In memory of Madame Virginie Hériot and in accordance with her often expressed wish to encourage yachting, the Committee of the Yacht Club de France decided at a meeting on 21 May 1946 to initiate an International Cup and name it the "Coupe Virginie Hériot". The Cup is assigned to the International Dragon Class, but remains the property of the Yacht Club de France. In agreement with the Committee of the International Dragon Association the "Coupe Virginie Hériot" is the main trophy of the European Dragon Championship. The event is now held annually.

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1978 Ostende	Netherlands (H) Ed Frech Jan Bakker Steven Vis
1979
1980	Austria (OE) C Scheineker
1982	West Germany (G) Markus Glas
1984	Denmark (D) Börge Börresen
1986	West Germany (G) Markus Glas
1987	West Germany (G) Markus Glas
1988	Denmark (D) Poul Richard Høj Jensen
1990	Denmark (D) Lars Hendriksen
1992	Denmark (DEN) Poul Richard Høj Jensen
1994	Germany (GER) M. Erhard
1995	Germany (GER) H. Erich
1996	Denmark (DEN) Poul Richard Høj Jensen
1998	Netherlands (NED) Fred Imhoff
2000	Denmark (DEN) Poul Richard Høj Jensen
2002 Thun	Germany (GER) M. Erhard
2003 Kinsale	Netherlands (NED) Fred Imhoff Richard van Rij Rudy den Outer	Switzerland (SUI) Vincent Hoesch Horro Kniffka Bernd Faber	Denmark (DEN) Frank Berg Soren Kaestel Mads Christensen
2004 Tallinn	Germany (GER) Harm Muller-Spreer	Denmark (DEN) Frank Berg	Germany (GER) Werner Fritz
2005 La Trinité-sur-Mer	Denmark (DEN) Claus Hoj Jensen	United Kingdom (GBR) Poul Richard Høj Jensen	France (FRA) J. Pasturaud
2006 Cowes	Denmark (DEN) Lars Hendriksen
2007 Hanko	Germany (GER) Markus Wieser Sergei Pughchev Thomas Auracher	Germany (GER) Wolfgang Rappel Hans Jürgen Benze Michael Lipp	Finland (FIN) Henrik Dahlman Lars Henriksen Oscar Dannström
2008 Oslo	Russia (RUS) Maxim Logutenko Mikhail Sanalorov Vladimir Krutskih	Russia (RUS) Dmitry Berezkin Igor Goihberg Alexei Bushhuev	Germany (GER) Thomas Müller Vincent Hoesch Maximilian Scheibmeyr
2009 St. Tropez	Ukraine (UKR) Markus Wieser Sergey Pughchev Matti Paschen	Germany (GER) Markus Glas Max Glas Andreas Lohmann	Ukraine (UKR) Eugen Braslavets Sergey Timokov Michael Hestbek
2010 Balatonkenese	Ukraine (UKR) Markus Wieser Sergey Pughchev Matti Paschen	Russia (RUS) Dmitry Berezkin Anatoly Kudritskiy Aleksey Bushuev	Russia (RUS) Anatoly Logonov Andrey Kirilyuk Alexander Shalagin
2011 Boltenhagen	Denmark (DEN) Jens Christensen Kim Andersen Anders Bagger	Ukraine (UKR) Markus Wieser Sergey Pughchev Matti Paschen	Ukraine (UKR) Evgeny Braslavetz Sergey Timokhov Olexandr Myrchuk
2012 Attersee	Ukraine (UKR) Markus Wieser Sergey Pughchev Matti Paschen	Germany (GER) Marcus Brennecke Vincent Hoesch Michael Lipp	Russia (RUS) Victor Fogelson Oleg Khoperskiy Vicheslav Kaptyukhin
2013 Cascais	Portugal (POR) Jose Matoso Gustavo Lima Frederico Melo	Ukraine (UKR) Markus Wieser Sergey Pughchev Georgii Leonchuk	Denmark (DEN) Jens Christensen Kim Andersen Anders Bagger
2014 San Remo	Denmark (DEN) Lars Hendriksen Kleen Frithjof Anders Bagger	United Arab Emirates (UAE) Markus Wieser Sergey Pughchev Georgii Leonchuk	United Arab Emirates (UAE) Evgeny Braslavetz Sergey Timokhov Igor Sodorov
2015 Båstad

Gold Cup^[9]

Further information: Dragon Gold Cup

The Winners of the 2011 Dragon Gold Cup: Markus Wieser, Sergey Pughchev and Matti Paschen with the Gold Cup.

The International Dragon Cup was presented in 1937 by members of the Clyde Yacht's Conference with the intention of bringing together as many competitors of different nationalities as possible for yacht racing in Europe in a friendly spirit, in order to perpetuate the good feeling which existed at the first International Clyde Fortnight. The Clyde Yacht Clubs' Conference has been reconstituted as the Clyde Yacht Clubs' Association and the International Dragon Cup has become known as, and is now renamed, the 'Dragon Gold Cup'.

Members of the Clyde Yacht Clubs' Association created specific rules for this competition and donated a perpetual trophy made of pure gold for an annual international race. From the beginning, the Gold Cup was considered a family event for the Dragon Sailors and could be raced by yachts of the International Dragon Class belonging to any country, and for this reason was a very well attended event.

Until 1965, the year of the first Official World Championship, the Gold Cup was considered the unofficial World Cup. The first rules created by the Clyde Yacht Clubs' Association established that the Cup should be sailed annually and that the Cup should be retained by the winner for one year only. It also established that the event should take place in rotation in the following countries: Scotland, France, Sweden, Germany, Holland and Denmark.

With the revision of the rules in 1997, the number of hosting countries was enlarged to eleven: Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

The hosting country and the Organising Authority continue to be selected by the Clyde Yacht Clubs' Association in conjunction with the International Dragon Association and the number of participants was limited to 120.

Class association^[10]

The International Dragon Association (IDA) was founded on 31 October 1961 with London as its headquarters. The principal objects of the IDA are:

To further the interests of the International Dragon Class in all countries where Dragons are sailed and to introduce the Class to new countries.
To be responsible for the administration of the class rules and coordinating proposals for rule amendments for consideration by the International Sailing Federation (ISAF).
To ensure that the class retains its "International" status by complying with the criteria adopted by the ISAF.
To co-ordinate and select venues for the following international championships:
- World Championships
- European Championships
- Gold Cups
To produce regular newsletters containing information about the Class and the activities of the IDA for distribution to all Dragon sailors throughout the world.
Membership is open to National Dragon Class Associations.

Class officers

President

H.M. King Constantine

Vice-Presidents

Chairman

Period	Country	Chairman	Major achievement
1961–1965	United Kingdom	Sir Gordon Smith
1966	France	F Thierry-Mieg
1967–1969	United Kingdom	Sir Gordon Smith
1970–1972	France	F Thierry-Mieg
1973–1975	United Kingdom	P Dyas
1976–1978	France	P Manset
1979–1981	United Kingdom	P Dyas
1982–1984	France	P Manset
1985–1988	Ireland	C Doyle
1989–1992	Germany	N Geissler
1993–1994	Finland	T Nurmilaukas
1995–1996	United Kingdom	Chris Dicker
1997–2000	Portugal	C. R. Ferreira
2001–2004	Sweden	Thomas Olrog
2005–2006	Germany	Rupert Fischer
2007–2010	United Kingdom	Rob Campbell
2011–2015	Netherlands	Richard Blickman
2016–	Russia	Vasily Senatorov

References

↑ Some history of the Dragon class at britishdragons.org
↑ "RYA Portsmouth Yardstick Scheme 2007" (PDF). Royal Yachting Association. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
↑ "Keelboat Classes". US Sailing. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
1 2 Bremberg, Fred; Seth, Staffan (1965), Segelbåtstyper: kortfattade beskrivningar med igenkänningstecken och dimensionsuppgifter för svenska segelbåtar (in Swedish) (2nd revised ed.), Stockholm: Aldus/Bonnier, p. 64
↑ Olympic results at sports123.com
↑ World champions at sports123.com
↑ Vintage Results at vintageyachtinggames.org
↑ European championships at International Dragon Class Association
↑ Gold Cup winners listed at International Dragon Class Association
↑ International Dragon Class Association Homepage

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dragon.

Classes of World Sailing

Current Olympic classes	470 49er 49er FX Finn Laser Laser Radial RS:X Nacra 17

ISAF centreboard classes	29er 420 505 B14 Byte Cadet Contender Enterprise Europe Fireball Flying Dutchman Flying Junior GP14 Int. 14 Laser 2 Laser 4.7 Lightning Mirror Moth Musto Performance Skiff O'pen BIC OK Dinghy Optimist RS Feva RS Tera RS100 RS500 Snipe Splash Sunfish Tasar Topper Vaurien Zoom 8

ISAF keelboat classes	12 mR 2.4 mR 5.5 m 6 mR 8 mR Dragon Etchells Flying 15 Hansa 2.3 Hansa 303 Hansa Liberty H-boat J/22 J/24 J/70 J/80 Melges 20 Melges 24 Melges 32 Micro Platu 25 RC44 SB20 Shark 24 Soling Sonar Star Tempest Yngling

ISAF yacht classes	Class40 Farr 30 (Mumm 30) Farr 40 IMOCA 60 J/111 International Maxi Association Soto 40 Swan 45 Swan 60 TP 52 X-35 X-41

ISAF multihull classes	A-Class Dart 18 Formula 16 Formula 18 Hobie 14 Hobie 16 Hobie Dragoon Hobie Tiger Hobie Wildcat Nacra Infusion SL 16 Topcat K1 Tornado Viper F16

ISAF windsurfer classes	Formula Experience Formula Windsurfing Funboard Kona Mistral Raceboard RS:One Speed Windsurfing Techno 293

ISAF kiteboarding classes	International Kiteboarding Association

International Radio Sailing Association classes	10 rater A Class Marblehead One Metre

Former ISAF classes	11:Metre One Design 29erXX Aloha Buzz C-Class Division I Division II Division III Elliott 6m Farr 45 Farr Maxi One Design Hobie 17 Hobie 18 IOD ISO Laser Vago Lechner A-390 Mistral Junior Mumm 36 Nacra F18 Open 50 ORMA 60 Sydney 40 Ultimate 20 Windglider X-99

Olympic sailing classes

Current classes	470 49er 49erFX Finn Laser Laser Radial Nacra 17 RS:X

Former classes	10 Metre 12' Dinghy 12 Metre 12m² Sharpie 15 Metre 18' Dinghy Skerry cruiser (30m², 40m²) 5.5 Metre 6 Metre 6.5 Metre 7 Metre 8 Metre 8.5 Metre 9 Metre Division II Dragon Elliott 6m Europe Firefly Flying Dutchman French National Monotype 1924 Lechner A-390 Mistral One Design O-Jolle Snowbird Soling Star Swallow Tempest Ton classes (0–½, ½–1, 1–2, 2–3, 3–10, 10–20, 20⁺ & Open) Tornado Windglider Yngling

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