Wright Model B
| Model B | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Burgess Model F replica preserved at Hill Aerospace Museum. The Burgess was a license-built variant of the Model B. | |
| Role | Sports plane |
| Manufacturer | Wright Company |
| First flight | 1910 |
| Number built | ca. 100 |
| Unit cost |
$5,000 |
The Wright Model B was an early pusher biplane designed by the Wright brothers in the United States in 1910. It was the first of their designs to be built in quantity. Unlike the Model A, it featured a true elevator carried at the tail rather than at the front. It was the last Wright model to have an open-frame tail. The Model B was a dedicated two-seater with the pilot and a passenger sitting side-by-side on the leading edge of the lower wing.
Besides their civil market, the Wrights were able to sell aircraft to the Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps (S.C. 3, 4, and 5[1]) and to the United States Navy as hydroplanes (AH-4, -5-, and -6), in which services they were used as trainers. Furthermore, the Wrights were able to sell licenses to produce the aircraft domestically (to the Burgess Company and Curtis, which designated it Model F), as well as in Germany. The deal with Burgess was the first license-production of aircraft undertaken in the United States and most of the approximately one hundred Model Bs produced were actually built by Burgess. A modified Model B, redesignated Model EX (for Exhibition) achieved fame as the Vin Fiz Flyer, the first aircraft to cross the United States. Burgess also planned a refined version as the Model G, but this was never built.
Survivors and replicas
At least three original Model Bs were extant in 2007.
- An original Model B is on display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio. This aircraft was used for flight instruction by Mr. Howard Rienhart at Mineola, New York in 1916. It last flew during the International Air Races at Dayton in October 1924. It was placed on exhibit in the Museum in October 1962 by Eugene W. Kettering, Chairman of the Board of Trustees for the Air Force Museum Foundation.[2]
- An original Model B on display at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was purchased by Grover Cleveland Bergdoll in 1912 from Orville Wright.
- A replica of the Burgess-Wright Model F is displayed at Hill Aerospace Museum, Ogden, Utah.
- Wright B Flyers Inc., a non-profit organization based at a museum-hangar at Dayton-Wright Brothers Airport in Dayton, Ohio, owns one replica and one look-alike Wright "B" Flyer. A third look-alike was lost in a crash in 2011.
- Wright "B" Flyer No. 001 (FAA registration number N3786B) is a flying look-alike nicknamed "Brown Bird". It was built in the late 1970s.
- Wright "B" Flyer No. 002 (N453WB) was a slightly smaller flying look-alike known as "Silver Bird". The aircraft had modern aluminum tubing, ailerons, and a modern engine. It was designed to be easily disassembled for transport to airshows. "Silver Bird" was completed by the organization in October 2010 and began flight-testing at the Springfield Beckley Municipal Airport in Springfield, Ohio in June 2011. "Silver Bird" was lost in a crash on Saturday 30 July 2011 that resulted in the deaths of pilots Don Gum and Mitch Cary.[3][4] Shortly before 11:00 AM the aircraft crashed into a muddy field near the Greene/Clark County line near Dayton, Ohio.[4] Eyewitnesses at the scene reported hearing the aircraft's engine sputtering and backfiring immediately before the crash.[4] The aircraft had received its FAA airworthiness certificate for test flights the previous fall, and had 25 hours TT at the time of the crash.[4] Pilot Mitch Cary (63) was a retired Air Force test pilot and former 'Wright B Flyers Inc.' director . Pilot Don Gum (71) was a retired aeronautical engineer.[4]
- Wright "B" Flyer A "Valentine Flyer" (also called the "Yellow Bird") is a non-flying near-replica originally constructed by Tom and Nancy Valentine as a flying model for the TV-movie The Winds of Kitty Hawk in 1978. The aircraft has not flown since being damaged during filming. The "Yellow Bird" is a more accurate replica of the Model B than either 001 or 002.
- Replicas on display:
- College Park Aviation Museum at the College Park Airport, College Park, Maryland.
- U.S. Army Aviation Museum, Fort Rucker, Alabama.
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland.
- Virginia Aviation Museum, Richmond, Virginia.
Variants
- Model B
- Two-seat sports biplane, powered by a 35-hp (26-kW) Wright piston engine.
- Model B-1
- Civil seaplane variant with two steel and aluminum pontoons.
- Model B-2
- Civil seaplane variant with a single float.
- Model EX
- This modified Model B was the first aircraft to cross the United States.
- Model F
- This version was built under license by the Burgess Company.
- Model G
- Unbuilt version, it was intended to be built by Burgess Company.
- Model G Aeroboat
- Two aircraft, built for the US Navy in 1913 and 1914, similar to the Model F, and designated AH-19.
Operators
Specifications
General characteristics
- Crew: One pilot
- Capacity: one passenger
- Length: 26 ft 0 in (7.93 m)
- Wingspan: 39 ft 0 in (11.89 m)
- Height: 8 ft 9 in ( m)
- Wing area: 480 ft2 (44.6 m2)
- Empty weight: 800 lb (363 kg)
- Gross weight: 1,250 lb (567 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Wright Vertical 4, 35 hp (26 kW)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 45 mph (72 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 40 mph (64 km/h)
- Range: 110 miles (177 km)
See also
- Related development
References
- Notes
- ↑ The last was a Burgess-Wright Model F.
- ↑ United States Air Force Museum 1975, p.6
- ↑ the CNN Wire Staff (July 30, 2011). "Replica of Wright brothers 1910 plane crashes in Ohio, killing 2". CNN. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Gokavi, Mark (July 30, 2011). "2 killed in Wright replica plane crash". Dayton Daily News.
- Bibliography
- Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. p. 898.
- United States Air Force Museum. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation. 1975.
- World Aircraft Information Files. London: Bright Star Publishing. pp. File 911 Sheet 03.
- Franklin Institute
- Home of the Wright B Flyer
- U.S. Army Aviation Museum
- College Park Aviation Museum
- Wright Experience
- Hill Aerospace Museum
- Just The Facts 1910–1914 Wright Model B
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wright Model B. |