Voiced retroflex sibilant

Voiced retroflex sibilant
ʐ
IPA number 137
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ʐ
Unicode (hex) U+0290
X-SAMPA z`
Kirshenbaum z.
Braille ⠲ (braille pattern dots-256)⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)
Sound
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The voiced retroflex sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʐ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is z`. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a z (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant).

Some scholars transcribe the laminal variant of this sound as /ʒ/, even though it is not palatalized. In such cases the voiced palato-alveolar sibilant is transcribed /ʒʲ/.

Features

Features of the voiced retroflex fricative:

Occurrence

In the following transcriptions, diacritics may be used to distinguish between apical [ʐ̺] and laminal [ʐ̻].

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Abkhaz абжа [ˈabʐa]'half' See Abkhaz phonology
Adyghe жъы  [ʐ̻ə]  'old' Laminal.
Chinese Mandarin /ròu  [ʐoʊ̯˥˩] 'meat' May also be a retroflex approximant [ɻ]. See Mandarin phonology
Faroese renn [ʐɛn]'run'
Italian Marked accents of Emilia-Romagna[1] caso [ˈkäːʐo] 'case' Apical;[1] may be [z̺ʲ] or [ʒ] instead.[1] It corresponds to [z] in standard Italian. See Italian phonology
Mapudungun[2] 'rayen [ʐɜˈjën] 'flower' May be [ɻ] or [ɭ] instead.[2]
Marrithiyel Marri Tjevin dialect [wiˈɲaʐu]'they are laughing' Voicing is non-contrastive.
Pashto Southern dialect تږى [ˈtəʐai]'thirsty' See Pashto phonology
Polish Standard[3] żona  [ˈʐ̻ɔn̪ä]  'wife' Also represented by rz and when written so, it can be instead pronounced as the raised alveolar non-sonorant trill by few speakers.[4] It is transcribed as /ʒ/ by most Polish scholars. See Polish phonology
Southeastern Cuyavian dialects[5] zapłacił [ʐäˈpwät͡ɕiw] 'he paid' Some speakers. It's a result of hypercorrecting the more popular merger of /ʐ/ and /z/ into [z].
Suwałki dialect[6]
Russian[3] жена  [ʐɨ̞ˈna]  'wife' See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian жут / žut [ʐûːt̪] 'yellow' Laminal. It may be palato-alveolar instead, depending on the dialect. See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Slovak[7] žaba [ˈʐäbä] 'frog'
Sorbian Lower[8][9] Łužyca [ˈwuʐɨt͡sa] 'Lusatia'
Some Upper Sorbian dialects[10][11] Used in dialects spoken in villages north of Hoyerswerda; corresponds to [ʒ] in standard language.[8] See Upper Sorbian phonology
Tilquiapan Zapotec[12] ? [ʐan] 'bottom'
Torwali[13] ? [ʂuʐ] 'straight'
Ubykh [ʐa] 'firewood' See Ubykh phonology
VietnameseSouthern dialects rô [ʐow] 'diamond'See Vietnamese phonology
Yi ry [ʐʐ̩˧] 'grass'

See also

References

Bibliography

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 8/24/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.