Voiced alveolar click

Voiced alveolar click
ǃ̬
ᶢǃ
ʗ̬
ᶢʗ
Encoding
Kirshenbaum d.! (J!)[1]
Main article: Alveolar clicks

The voiced (post)alveolar click is a click consonant found primarily among the languages of southern Africa. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ǃ̬ or ᶢǃ; a symbol abandoned by the IPA but still preferred by some linguists is ʗ̬ or ᶢʗ.

In languages which use the Bantu letters for clicks, this is most commonly written gq, but it is written dq in those languages that use g for the uvular fricative.

Features

Features of the voiced (post)alveolar click:

Occurrence

Voiced alveolar clicks are found primarily in the various Khoisan language families of southern Africa and in some neighboring Bantu languages.

Language Word IPA Meaning
Naro dqòma tcg'òó [ᶢǃòmā ǂqχʼǒː] = [ʗ̬òmā ʄχʼǒː] (place name)
Sandawe gqakina [ᶢǃàkʰíná] = [ʗ̬àkʰíná] 'to carry hidden'
Yeyi kaawa [kaᶢǃawa] = [kaʗ̬awa] 'calabash'

Notes

  1. Kirshenbaum assigns J! indifferently to both alveolar and palatal clicks.
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