Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange

The Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange (VISCII) is a character set comprising the Vietnamese alphabet, punctuation, and other graphemes.

A traditional extended ASCII character set adds up-to 128 characters to the ASCII set. Vietnamese requires 134 additional letter-diacritic combinations, which is six too many. There are essentially three different ways to handle this problem:

Use variable-width encoding
Use combining diacritical marks, as Windows-1258 does
Replace six of the basic ASCII control characters

VISCII went for the last option, replacing six of the least problematic (e.g., least likely to be recognised by an application and acted on specially) (C0 control codes STX, ENQ, ACK, DC4, EM, and RS) with six of the least-used uppercase letter-diacritic combinations. While this option may cause programs that use those control codes to malfunction when handling VISCII text, it creates fewer complications than the other two options. However, using up all the extended code points for accented letters left no room to add useful symbols, superscripted numbers, curved quotes, proper dashes, etc., like most other extended ASCII character sets.

VISCII was designed by the Vietnamese Standardization Working Group (Viet-Std Group) based in the Silicon Valley in California in 1992 while they were working with the Unicode consortium to include precomposed Vietnamese characters in the Unicode standard.

VISCII was fully supported by the TriChlor Software Group in California, which released a lot of software packages, libraries, and fonts for MS-DOS and Windows, Unix, and Macintosh. However, it, along with other Vietnamese-specific character sets, fell out of usage after the adoption of Unicode. VISCII-compliant software is still available at many ftp sites.

Code page layout

VISCII
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	NUL 0000 0	SOH 0001 1	Ẳ 1EB2 2	ETX 0003 3	EOT 0004 4	Ẵ 1EB4 5	Ẫ 1EAA 6	BEL 0007 7	BS 0008 8	HT 0009 9	LF 000A 10	VT 000B 11	FF 000C 12	CR 000D 13	SO 000E 14	SI 000F 15
1_	DLE 0010 16	DC1 0011 17	DC2 0012 18	DC3 0013 19	Ỷ 1EF6 20	NAK 0015 21	SYN 0016 22	ETB 0017 23	CAN 0018 24	Ỹ 1EF8 25	SUB 001A 26	ESC 001B 27	FS 001C 28	GS 001D 29	Ỵ 1EF4 30	US 001F 31
2_	SP 0020 32	! 0021 33	" 0022 34	# 0023 35	$ 0024 36	% 0025 37	& 0026 38	' 0027 39	( 0028 40	) 0029 41	* 002A 42	+ 002B 43	, 002C 44	- 002D 45	. 002E 46	/ 002F 47
3_	0 0030 48	1 0031 49	2 0032 50	3 0033 51	4 0034 52	5 0035 53	6 0036 54	7 0037 55	8 0038 56	9 0039 57	: 003A 58	; 003B 59	< 003C 60	= 003D 61	> 003E 62	? 003F 63
4_	@ 0040 64	A 0041 65	B 0042 66	C 0043 67	D 0044 68	E 0045 69	F 0046 70	G 0047 71	H 0048 72	I 0049 73	J 004A 74	K 004B 75	L 004C 76	M 004D 77	N 004E 78	O 004F 79
5_	P 0050 80	Q 0051 81	R 0052 82	S 0053 83	T 0054 84	U 0055 85	V 0056 86	W 0057 87	X 0058 88	Y 0059 89	Z 005A 90	[ 005B 91	\ 005C 92	] 005D 93	^ 005E 94	_ 005F 95
6_	` 0060 96	a 0061 97	b 0062 98	c 0063 99	d 0064 100	e 0065 101	f 0066 102	g 0067 103	h 0068 104	i 0069 105	j 006A 106	k 006B 107	l 006C 108	m 006D 109	n 006E 110	o 006F 111
7_	p 0070 112	q 0071 113	r 0072 114	s 0073 115	t 0074 116	u 0075 117	v 0076 118	w 0077 119	x 0078 120	y 0079 121	z 007A 122	{ 007B 123	\| 007C 124	} 007D 125	~ 007E 126	DEL 007F 127
8_	Ạ 1EA0 128	Ắ 1EAE 129	Ằ 1EB0 130	Ặ 1EB6 131	Ấ 1EA4 132	Ầ 1EA6 133	Ẩ 1EA8 134	Ậ 1EAC 135	Ẽ 1EBC 136	Ẹ 1EB8 137	Ế 1EBE 138	Ề 1EC0 139	Ể 1EC2 140	Ễ 1EC4 141	Ệ 1EC6 142	Ố 1ED0 143
9_	Ồ 1ED2 144	Ổ 1ED4 145	Ỗ 1ED6 146	Ộ 1ED8 147	Ợ 1EE2 148	Ớ 1EDA 149	Ờ 1EDC 150	Ở 1EDE 151	Ị 1ECA 152	Ỏ 1ECE 153	Ọ 1ECC 154	Ỉ 1EC8 155	Ủ 1EE6 156	Ũ 0168 157	Ụ 1EE4 158	Ỳ 1EF2 159
A_	Õ 00D5 160	ắ 1EAF 161	ằ 1EB1 162	ặ 1EB7 163	ấ 1EA5 164	ầ 1EA7 165	ẩ 1EA9 166	ậ 1EAD 167	ẽ 1EBD 168	ẹ 1EB9 169	ế 1EBF 170	ề 1EC1 171	ể 1EC3 172	ễ 1EC5 173	ệ 1EC7 174	ố 1ED1 175
B_	ồ 1ED3 176	ổ 1ED5 177	ỗ 1ED7 178	Ỡ 1EE0 179	Ơ 01A0 180	ộ 1ED9 181	ờ 1EDD 182	ở 1EDF 183	ị 1ECB 184	Ự 1EF0 185	Ứ 1EE8 186	Ừ 1EEA 187	Ử 1EEC 188	ơ 01A1 189	ớ 1EDB 190	Ư 01AF 191
C_	À 00C0 192	Á 00C1 193	Â 00C2 194	Ã 00C3 195	Ả 1EA2 196	Ă 0102 197	ẳ 1EB3 198	ẵ 1EB5 199	È 00C8 200	É 00C9 201	Ê 00CA 202	Ẻ 1EBA 203	Ì 00CC 204	Í 00CD 205	Ĩ 0128 206	ỳ 1EF3 207
D_	Đ 0110 208	ứ 1EE9 209	Ò 00D2 210	Ó 00D3 211	Ô 00D4 212	ạ 1EA1 213	ỷ 1EF7 214	ừ 1EEB 215	ử 1EED 216	Ù 00D9 217	Ú 00DA 218	ỹ 1EF9 219	ỵ 1EF5 220	Ý 00DD 221	ỡ 1EE1 222	ư 01B0 223
E_	à 00E0 224	á 00E1 225	â 00E2 226	ã 00E3 227	ả 1EA3 228	ă 0103 229	ữ 1EEF 230	ẫ 1EAB 231	è 00E8 232	é 00E9 233	ê 00EA 234	ẻ 1EBB 235	ì 00EC 236	í 00ED 237	ĩ 0129 238	ỉ 1EC9 239
F_	đ 0111 240	ự 1EF1 241	ò 00F2 242	ó 00F3 243	ô 00F4 244	õ 00F5 245	ỏ 1ECF 246	ọ 1ECD 247	ụ 1EE5 248	ù 00F9 249	ú 00FA 250	ũ 0169 251	ủ 1EE7 252	ý 00FD 253	ợ 1EE3 254	Ữ 1EEE 255
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F

External links

RFC 1456 - Conventions for Encoding the Vietnamese Language
Vietnamese-Standardization Working Group based in California
Viet-Std Report 1992
AnGiang Software
VISCII-compliant software and fonts for MS-DOS and Windows
VISCII-compliant software, libraries, and fonts for Unix
WinVNKey, Vietnamese keyboard driver for Windows supporting multinational character sets, including VISCII
MacVNKey, VISCII-compliant keyboard driver for Macintosh classic

Character encodings

Character sets

Early telecommunications	ASCII ISO/IEC 646 ISO/IEC 6937 T.61 BCDIC Baudot code Morse code (Telegraph code Wabun code) Special telegraphy codes: Non-Latin, Chinese, Cyrillic

ISO/IEC 8859	-1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16

Bibliographic use	ANSEL ISO 5426 / 5426-2 / 5427 / 5428 / 6438 / 6861 / 6862 / 10585 / 10586 / 10754 / 11822 MARC-8

National standards	ArmSCII CNS 11643 GOST 10859 GB 18030 HKSCS ISCII JIS X 0201 JIS X 0208 JIS X 0212 JIS X 0213 KOI-7 KPS 9566 KS X 1001 PASCII SI 960 TIS-620 TSCII VISCII YUSCII

EUC	CN JP KR TW

ISO/IEC 2022	CN JP KR CCCII

MacOS code pages ("scripts")	Arabic Mac OS Celtic CentEuro ChineseSimp / EUC-CN ChineseTrad / Big5 Croatian Cyrillic Devanagari Dingbats Farsi Gaelic Greek Gujarati Gurmukhi Hebrew Iceland Japanese / ShiftJIS Korean / EUC-KR Roman Romanian Symbol Thai / TIS-620 Turkish Ukrainian

DOS code pages	100 111 112 113 151 161 162 163 164 165 220 300 301 437 449 620 667 668 708 709 710 711 720 737 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 790 808 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 872 874 876 877 878 881 882 883 884 885 891 895 897 898 899 900 903 904 906 907 909 910 911 925 926 927 928 929 932 934 936 938 941 942 943 944 946 947 948 949 950/1370 951 966 991 1004 1034 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1046 1086 1088 1090 1092 1093 1098 1108 1109 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1125 1126 1127 1131 1139 1161 1162 1167 1168 1351 1361 1362 1363 1372 1373 1374 1375 1380 1381 1385 1386 1391 1392 1393 1394 17248 Kamenický Mazovia CWI-2 KOI8 MIK Iran System

IBM AIX code pages	367 371 806 813 819 895 896 901 902 912 913 914 915 916 919 920 921 922 923 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 970 971 1006 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1029 1036 1089 1111 1124 1129 1133 1163 1350 1382 1383

IBM Apple MacIntosh Emulations	1275 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286

IBM Adobe Emulations	1038 1276 1277

IBM DEC Emulations	1021 1023 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1287 1288

IBM HP Emulations	1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058

Windows code pages	874/1162 (TIS-620) 932/943 (Shift JIS) 936/1386 (GBK) 950/1370 (Big5) 949/1363 (EUC-KR) 1169 1174 1200 (UTF-16LE) 1201 (UTF-16BE) 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1261 1270 54936 (GB18030)

EBCDIC code pages	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37/1140 38 39 40 251 252 254 256 257 258 259 260 264 273/1141 274 275 276 277/1142 278/1143 279 280/1144 281 282 283 284/1145 285/1146 286 287 288 289 290 293 297/1147 298 310 320 321 322 330 351 352 353 355 357 358 359 360 361 363 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 410 420/16804 421 423 424/12712 425 435 500/1148 803 829 833 834 835 836 837 838/1160 839 870/1153 871/1149 875/9067 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 892 893 905 918 924 930/1390 931 933/1364 935/1388 937/1371 939/1399 1001 1002 1003 1005 1007 1024 1025/1154 1026/1155 1027 1028 1030 1031 1032 1033 1037 1047 1068 1069 1070 1071 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1087 1091 1097 1110 1112/1156 1113 1122/1157 1123/1158 1130/1164 1132 1136 1137 1150 1151 1152 1159 1165 1166 1278 1303 1364 1376 1377 JEF KEIS

Platform specific	ATASCII Atari ST BICS CDC CPC DEC Radix-50 DMCS/NRCS ELWRO-Junior FIELDATA GEM GEOS GSM 03.38 HP Roman Extension HP Roman-8 HP Roman-9 HP calculators LICS LMBCS NEC APC NeXT PETSCII TI calculators WISCII XCCS ZX80 ZX81 ZX Spectrum

Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646	UTF-1 UTF-7 UTF-8 UTF-16 (UTF-16LE/UTF-16BE) / UCS-2 UTF-32 (UTF-32LE/UTF-32BE) / UCS-4 UTF-EBCDIC GB 18030 BOCU-1 CESU-8 SCSU

Miscellaneous code pages	ABICOMP APL Cork HZ JOHAB TRON UTF-5 UTF-6 WTF-8

Related topics	Control character (C0 C1) CCSID Character encodings in HTML Charset detection Han unification Hardware ISO 6429/IEC 6429/ANSI X3.64 Mojibake

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Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange

Code page layout

See also

External links