United States third-party and independent presidential candidates, 2016

United States third party and independent presidential candidates, 2016
United States

This article contains lists of official and potential third party and independent candidates associated with the 2016 United States presidential election.

"Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States in reference to political parties other than the two major parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. An independent candidate is one who runs for office with no formal party affiliation.

Ballot access in states holding 270 or more electoral votes represents a majority of the 538 electoral votes in the Electoral College. The number of electoral votes for which a party or independent candidate has secured ballot access may increase as those parties or candidates complete their petitions, and filings for ballot access, until September 2016 when the last petition deadlines occur.[1]

According to the Authoritative Green Papers website, 31 people are on the ballot in at least one state, while 192, including those who are on ballots in some states, have obtained recognition as official "write-in" candidates who will have their votes counted.

Received over one million votes nationally

Gary Johnson, Libertarian Party

Ballot access: The Libertarian ticket was on all 51 ballots.[2]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee

Gary Johnson
(Campaign)		 Governor of New Mexico, 1995–2003
Libertarian Party presidential nominee, 2012		  New Mexico May 29, 2016[3]
William Weld of Massachusetts
Other parties National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage
Independence Party
of New York		 4,360,873 3.28% 402,452 (3.36%)
California		 74,031 (8.25%)
New Mexico

Nationally, Johnson captured 5 percent or more of the vote in eight states: New Mexico, North Dakota, Alaska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Montana, Wyoming and Maine.

Poll Standings

All major polling outfits have included Johnson in their published results. His highest total was 13% in a CNN/ORC poll taken in July. Since then he has generally been in the upper single digits, breaking 10% as recently as October 10 in a Politico/Morning Consult poll.

His greatest statewide percentage was in his home state of New Mexico, where he reached the mid-twenties in September, and has since fallen back into the teens. He has been in the teens in several other state polls, most recently in a WBUR/MassINC poll taken in New Hampshire on November 1.

Should the ticket get 5% or more nationwide, the Libertarian Party would qualify for Federal Matching funds in 2020.

Party nomination contest

There were six primaries, Gary Johnson received 22,642 votes while none of the others received as much as 4 thousand.

Libertarian National Convention Presidential vote, 2016 [4]
Candidate First Ballot Percentage Second Ballot Percentage
Gary Johnson 458 49.5% 518 55.8%
Austin Petersen 197 21.3% 203 21.9%
John McAfee 131 14.2% 131 14.1%
Darryl Perry 63 6.8% 52 5.60%
Marc Allan Feldman 58 6.3% 18 1.9%
Kevin McCormick 9 1.0% 1(write-in) 0.1%
None of the above 5 0.5% 2 0.2%
Ron Paul (Write-in) 1 0.1%
Vermin Supreme (Write-in) 1 0.1%
Heidi Zemen (Write-in) 1 0.1%
Derrick Grayson (Write-in) 1 0.1% 1 0.1%
Michael Shannon (Write-in) 1 0.1%
Rhett Smith (Write-in) 1 0.1%
Totals 928 100%

Jill Stein, Green Party

Ballot access (Write-in included): 47 states + DC

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee

Jill Stein
(Campaign)		 Lexington Town Meeting member (2005–2011)
Green Party presidential nominee, 2012		  Massachusetts August 6, 2016
Ajamu Baraka of Washington, D.C.
National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage notes
1,244,695 0.98% 221,466 (1.9%)
California		 12,727 (3.00%)
Hawaii		 This is the first fourth-place finisher to breach the one million mark since 1948
Poll standings

All major polling outfits have included Stein in their published results. Her highest total was 6% in McClatchy/Marist poll taken early August. Since then her highest total was 4% in a CBS/New York Times poll taken in late October. She generally stands at 2 or 3%.

In statewide polling she has gotten as high as 7% in an Emmerson college poll from Vermont in September.

Party nomination contest

Five additional candidates sought the Green Party nomination.[5][6][7]

Green National Convention Presidential Roll call vote, 2016[8]
Candidate First Ballot Percentage
Jill Stein 233.5 81.64%
William Kreml 18.25 6.38%
Sedinam Curry 14.5 5.07%
Darryl Cherney 8.5 2.97%
Kent Mesplay 7.5 2.62%
Elijah Manley 3.25 1.14%
No candidate 0.5 0.17%
Totals 286 100%
Turnout 286 71.14%

Evan McMullin: Better for America Group and others

Further information: Independence Party of Minnesota
Further information: Better for America

The anti-Donald Trump Better for America PAC recruited Even McMullin as a candidate for president. He is on the ballot in 11 states and has write-in access for many more.

Name Prior positions State Announced candidacy Vice presidential candidate Notes

Evan McMullin
(Campaign)		 Chief Policy Director for the House Republican Conference, 2015–2016
CIA agent, 2001–2011		  Utah August 8, 2016[9]
Mindy Finn
of the District of Columbia[10]		 See also: Better for America
A (as Independence Party of Minnesota nominee)
Nathan Johnson, a resident of San Diego, appears as McMullin's running mate on numerous state ballots.[11][12]
Other parties National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage
Independence party
of South Carolina
Independence party
of Minnesota		 545,048 [13] 0.41% 233,266 (21.41%)
(Utah)		 233,266 (21.41%)
(Utah)		 Aside from his large total in Utah, the ticket came in third in Idaho, and fourth in seven of the nine other states where it was on the ballot.

Darrell Castle, Constitution Party

Electoral votes: 207 (Scott Copeland has access to 4 electoral votes in Idaho, where Castle is on the ballot as an independent[14])

Write-in included: 406

Ballot access: Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.[15][16][17][18]
Write-in access: Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Montana, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia.[16]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee

Darrell Castle		 Attorney,
Constitution Party vice presidential nominee, 2008		  Tennessee April 16, 2016[19][20] Scott N. Bradley of Utah
Other parties National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage
Taxpayer's Party
Michigan		 190,307 0.14% 21,010 (0.35%)
Pennsylvania		 3,311 (1.24%)
Alaska
Poll standings

Castle has not been featured in any national polls. However he was listed in a few in Utah in August and September, where he got as much as 2%, and in Nevada, where he got 1%.

Nomination contest

The 2016 Presidential Nominating Convention was held in Salt Lake City, Utah on April 13–16.[21]

Constitution Party National Convention presidential vote, 2016[22][23]
Candidate Votes Percentage Notes
Darrell Castle 184 54.19% received 181,741 votes (0.14%) in the general election
Scott Copeland (Texas)[24] 103.5 30.49% On the ballot in Idaho as the Constitution Party's presidential nominee,[25]
Tom Hoefling[26] 19 5.60%
Sought 2016 American Independent Party presidential nomination

American Independent Party presidential nominee, 2012

America's Party presidential nominee, 2012, 2016
Daniel Cummings (Wyoming)[27] 9 2.65%
J.R. Myers (Alaska) 9 2.65% Sought 2016 American Independent Party presidential nomination, on the ballot in Idaho as the Constitution Party's vice-presidential nominee,[28]
Don Grundmann (California)[29] 6 1.77% Sought 2008 and 2012 Constitution Party presidential nomination
John Diamond (Pennsylvania)[30] 5 1.47%
Jeremy Friedbaum (Utah)[31] 4 1.18%
Totals 339.5 100.00%

American Independent and other Fusion tickets

Several states, most notably New York, permit fusion tickets. A fusion ticket is when a candidate or candidates are permitted more than one ballot line by being nominated by one or more third parties and permitting the votes on all lines to be added together for a single state total.

The Clinton/Kaine ticket is on the ballot in New York on the Women's Equality and Working Families Party lines, while the Trump/Pence ticket is on the Conservative party there as well as the American Independent Party in California.

Conservative party nomination in New York

The state committee nominated Donald Trump by voice vote.

Total popular vote:271,961 (3.79%)

Working Families party nomination in New York

Initially, the Working Families Party had endorsed Bernie Sanders for president, but when he conceded defeat at the Democratic convention and endorsed Hillary Clinton, the party had a mail in primary where Clinton defeated Jill Stein and "no endorsement" with 68% of the vote, preferring fusion rather than "asking voters to cast a vote that is at best meaningless and at worst destructive of progressive possibility."[32]

Total popular vote:130,245 (1.82%)

Woman's Equality party nomination in New York

A faction of the party's executive committee nominated Dr. Lynn Sandra Kahn, while another nominated Hillary Clinton. The New York State board of elections decided the former Secretary of State would get the ballot line.[33][34]

Total popular vote:32,307 (0.45%)

American Independent Party nomination in California

Further information: American Independent Party

The state committee ignored the primary and designated Trump as its nominee.[35]

California did not record a separate ballot total for the AIP.

Party nomination contest

Below are the results of the California Primary ballot, which was rendered supurfluous when the state committee decided to select Donald Trump.[36]

California American Independent presidential primary, June 7, 2016[37]
Candidate Votes Percentage
Alan Spears 7,348 19%
Arthur Harris 6,510 17%
Robert Ornelas 6,411 17%
J.R. Myers 4,898 13%
Wiley Drake 4,828 13%
James Hedges 3,989 11%
Thomas Hoefling 3,917 10%
Total 37,901 100%

Gloria La Riva, multiple parties

Electoral votes: 80 (Gloria LaRiva has a combined 135 electoral votes via the Party for Socialism and Liberation, the Peace and Freedom Party, and the Liberty Union Party)

Ballot access: California, Colorado, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, New Mexico, Vermont, Washington[38][39]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee Notes

Gloria La Riva		 Newspaper printer and activist
Peace and Freedom Party presidential nominee, 2016,
Party for Socialism and Liberation presidential nominee, 2008
Workers World Party presidential nominee, 1992		  New Mexico July 2015[40]
Eugene Puryear
of Washington, D.C.[40]
|
Dennis Banks of Minnesota(in CA only)[41]
State parties National Total National percentage Peace and Freedom Total other party total
Party for Socialism and Liberation
Peace and Freedom
(California)
Liberty Union
(Vermont).		 60,990 0.05% 53,133 7,857

Party for Socialism and Liberation

La Riva is on the ballot in numerous states under this banner and as an independent.

Liberty Union Party (Vermont)

Further information: Liberty Union Party

La Riva won the primary in Vermont and thus was awarded the ballot line there.

La Riva participated in the Free and Equal presidential debate.

Peace and Freedom Party

Further information: Peace and Freedom Party

La Riva won the primary in California and thus was awarded the ballot line at the state convention. Jill Stein, who was on the Green party primary ballot was removed from the PF one.

California Peace and Freedom presidential primary, June 7, 2016[43]
Candidate Votes Percentage Con. Vote
Gloria Estela La Riva 2,232 49% 56
Monica Moorehead 1,369 30% 12
Lynn Sandra Kahn 963 21% 1
Jill Stein (disqualified) 0% 9
Total 4,564 100% 78

Rocky De La Fuente; American Delta and Reform Parties, plus others

Electoral votes: 147 (De La Fuente has access to a combined 147 electoral votes as an Independent, via The American Delta Party and via The Reform Party)[44][45]

Write-In included: 346 Electors[44][45]

Anticipated Write-In Included: 404 Electors

Ballot access:

Under the ballot label "Reform Party" Florida

Under the ballot label "American Delta Party":[46] Colorado,[47] Iowa,[48] Louisiana,[49] Minnesota,[50] Mississippi,[51] New Jersey,[52] New Mexico.[53]

As an independent: Alaska,[54] Idaho,[55] Kentucky,[56] Montana,[57] Nevada,[58] New Hampshire,[59] North Dakota,[60] Rhode Island[61] Tennessee,[62] Utah,[55] Vermont,[63] Wisconsin,[64] Wyoming.[65]

Write-In:[66] Alabama, Arizona, California, Delaware, District of Columbia, Indiana, Maryland, Nebraska, New York, Pennsylvania, Oregon, Virginia, Kansas, West Virginia, Washington. Total 199 Electors

Anticipated Write-In:[66] Connecticut, Missouri, South Dakota

Pending Lawsuit: California, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Hawaii, Ohio, Oklahoma, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas.

No Ballot Access 2016 : Georgia, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, North Carolina, South Carolina.

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Announced candidacy Vice presidential nominee Notes

Rocky De La Fuente		 Businessman  Florida July 19, 2016[67]
Michael Steinberg of Florida
Received 67,457 votes in the Democratic presidential primary
Ran for the Democratic United States Senate nomination in Florida, 2016
State parties National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage
American Delta
Reform.		 32,742 0.02% 9,101(0.1%)
Florida		 1,063 (0.34%)
Vermont
Poll Standings

In August and September, Suffolk University did polling listing De la Fuente in Nevada. He got only 1%.

American Delta party nomination

The American Delta Party is an organization specifically created to support De La Fuente's independent candidacy.

Reform party nomination

The Reform Party recognized the following other candidates as seeking its presidential nomination[68] The vote totals nominating De La Fuente were never released.

Name Notes
Ed Chlapowski[68] Owner/manager at Opportunity Resolution
Kenneth Cross[68] Semi-retired engineer and businessman
Reform Party vice-presidential nominee, 2012
Lynn Kahn[68] Doctor of clinical psychology
Sought 2016 Peace and Freedom Party presidential nomination.
Will appear on Arkansas and Iowa ballot.
Darcy Richardson[68] Historian and writer
2012 Democratic Party presidential hopeful.
received 41,730 in the primary[69]

Independent

Name State Vice presidential nominee national vote total ballot access.
Richard Duncan Ohio Ricky Johnson 23,778
(0.02%)		 18
(173)Ohio[70]

(Alabama, Alaska, Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia

Poll standings: Was listed in several Ohio polls.

Further information: Legal Marijuana Now Party

'Ballot access: Iowa, Minnesota

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee National Popular vote

Dan Vacek		 Financial Assistance Caseworker,
Ramsey County, Minnesota		  Minnesota July 25, 2016[71] Mark Elworth of Nebraska 13,536 (0.01%)

Alyson Kennedy, Socialist Workers Party

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee National vote total Ballot access
Alyson Kennedy Labor Organizer and Activist
Socialist Workers Party vice presidential nominee 2008		  Illinois [72] February 12, 2016[73] Osborne Hart of Pennsylvania[74] 12,300 (0.01%) Colorado, Louisiana, Minnesota, New Jersey, Tennessee, Utah, Washington[75]

Candidates receiving between one thousand and ten thousand votes nationwide

American Solidarity Party

Further information: American Solidarity Party

Electoral votes: 9

Write-In included: 332

Anticipated Write-In Included: 351 Electors

Ballot access: Colorado[76]

Write-In: Alabama,[77] Alaska,[78] California,[79] Georgia,[80] Idaho,[81] Iowa,[77] Kansas, Kentucky,[82] Maryland,[83] Michigan,[84] Minnesota,[85] Nebraska,[86] New Hampshire,[77] New Jersey,[77] New York,[87] North Dakota,[88] Ohio,[89] Oregon,[90] Pennsylvania,[77] Rhode Island,[77] Texas,[91] Vermont,[77] Virginia,[92] Washington,[93] Washington D.C,[94] Wisconsin[95]

Anticipated Write-In: Washington D.C., Wyoming

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee National Total

Mike Maturen		 Sales professional  Michigan July 9, 2016 Juan Muñoz 4,106(0.0032%)

Independent

Name Prior positions State Announced candidacy Vice presidential candidate Ballot access total popular vote (percentage)

Laurence Kotlikoff		 Economics professor at Boston University  Massachusetts Edward E. Leamer of California * On ballot: Colorado, Louisiana[96]
 		2,189 (0%)

Tom Hoefling, America's Party

Electoral votes: 44

Ballot access: Arkansas, Colorado, Florida

Candidate

Name Prior positions State Announced candidacy Vice presidential nominee
Tom Hoefling Political activist
American Independent Party and Constitution Party
presidential candidate, 2016
American Independent Party and America's Party
presidential nominee, 2012		  Iowa January 2016[119] Steve Schulin
of South Carolina

Monica Moorehead, Workers World Party

Further information: Workers World Party

Electoral votes: 30

Ballot access: New Jersey, Utah, Wisconsin[120][121]
(Texas)[115]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee
Monica Moorehead Perennial candidate and activist  New Jersey November 8, 2015[122] Lamont Lilly[122]
State parties National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage

Poll standings: In order to see if support for Jill Stein and Gary Johnson was genuine, Falrleigh Dickinson University conducted a poll substituting Moorhead and Jim Hedges of the Prohibition Party, for Johnson and Stein. Ms. Moorehead received 3%, the same amount Stein did.[123]

Emidio "Mimi" Soltysik, Socialist Party USA

Electoral votes: 25

Ballot access: Colorado, Michigan[124]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee

Mimi Soltysik		 Former National Co-Chair,
Socialist Party USA		  California October 17, 2015[125]
Angela Walker of Wisconsin
Other parties National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage
Natural Law Party
(Michigan)[126]

He also received 1,086 votes in Guam's presidential "beauty contest."

James Hedges, Prohibition Party

Further information: Prohibition Party

Electoral votes: 21

Ballot access: Arkansas, Colorado, Mississippi[127]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Announced candidacy Nominated Vice presidential nominee

James Hedges		 Tax Assessor, Thompson Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania (2002–2007)
American Independent Party presidential candidate, 2016
Prohibition Party presidential candidate, 2012		  Pennsylvania July 2015[128] July 31, 2015[128] Bill Bayes of Mississippi
State parties National Total National percentage highest single state total highest single state percentage

Poll standings: In order to see if support for Jill Stein and Gary Johnson was genuine, Falrleigh Dickinson University conducted a poll substituting Hedges and Monica Moorhead of the Workers'World Party, for Johnson and Stein. Hedges received 4%.[123]

Rocky Giordani, Independent American Party

Further information: Independent American Party

Electoral votes: 18

Ballot access: New Mexico, Oregon, Utah[129]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee
Rocky Giordani Author  Utah November 7, 2015[130] Farley Anderson

Chris Keniston, Veterans Party of America

Further information: Veterans Party of America

Electoral votes: 15

Ballot access: Colorado, Mississippi[131]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee Popular vote

Chris Keniston

 Reliability Engineer  Texas
Deacon Taylor of Florida 4,726 (0.18%)

Peter Skewes, American Party (South Carolina)

Electoral votes: 9

Ballot access: South Carolina

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Announced candidacy Vice presidential nominee
Peter Skewes Professor,
Clemson University		  South Carolina May 15, 2016[132] Michael Lacy

Candidates receiving between one hundred and one thousand votes nationwide

Rod Silva, Nutrition Party

Electoral votes: 9

Ballot access: Colorado[133]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee popular vote
Rod Silva Restaurateur  New Jersey October 20, 2015[134] Richard Silva 657 (0.00%)

Jerry White, Socialist Equality Party

Electoral votes: 8

Ballot access: Louisiana[135]

Nominee

Name Prior positions State Nominated Vice presidential nominee Total popular vote:

Jerry White		 Labor editor,
World Socialist Web Site
Socialist Equality Party presidential
nominee, 1996, 2008, and 2012		  Michigan April 22, 2016[136] Niles Niemuth of Wisconsin
(Constitutionally ineligible – under age 35)[137]		 369 nationwide.

No ballot access

According to the Federal Election Commission almost 2,000 People, both real and fictional, have been registered as presidential candidates.[138]

Among the more notable ones are:

Name Prior positions State Announced candidacy

Zoltan Istvan		 Futurist, writer, transhumanist philosopher  California October 2014[139][140][141] Founder of the proposed Transhumanist Party, Has write-in access in New York and Florida
Dan Bilzerian Professional poker player  California June 2015[142]

Ken Fields		 Entrepreneur, environmental advocate  New York November 2015[143][144]

Terry Jones		 Pastor for Dove World Outreach Center  Florida July 2013[145][146]

Merlin Miller		 Filmmaker  Tennessee July 2015[147]
Joe Schriner Painter  Ohio October 2014[148]
Guy Schwartz Musician  Texas

Ron White		 Comedian and actor November 2015[149]

Robby Wells

 Former Savannah State University head football coach  North Carolina December 2012 (original filing)[150]

March 2016[151]

Chloe Barcella, president party

Write-in Candidates

A minimum of 671,874 (0.52%) voters[152] cast write in ballots, what is believed to be a record. Many were for registered candidates who were on the ballot in one or more states, others for candidates who were registered but were on no ballots and others were for fictional or perceptibly humorous figures, like of Mickey Mouse or Buffy the Vampire Slayer. The vast majority of these will never be counted or recorded as individuals but as "Others" or "Scattered." Many states disallow write-up candidacy[153]

Bernie Sanders

Several grassroots campaigns to elect Bernie Sanders President as a write-in candidate were established on social media in the run-up to the United States presidential election. Though Sanders continued to campaign for Democrat nominee Hillary Clinton, supporters pointed to alleged DNC bias in the Democratic Party's presidential primaries against Sanders, and Clinton's email scandal, and continued to support him.[154] Both Clinton and Donald Trump would have had to win less than the required 270 electoral college votes for Sanders to have denied either candidate the presidency, and for the election to be passed to the House of Representatives - thus the initial write-in campaign around Vermont, offering only 3 college votes, was unsuccessful.[155] The campaign expanded to include all 12 eligible states (one of which listed Sanders as an official write-in candidate), and relied on states such as California, with a high electoral college vote count and large support for Sanders, to be successful in denying both Trump and Clinton.[156] He has received over 20 thousand votes.

What is notable here is that he came in third in Vermont,[157] coming ahead of both Gary Johnson and Jill Stein and taking 5.67% of the vote (18,183 tallied), something that has never happened before in a fall Presidential election, although in the 1960s, Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. and President Lyndon Johnson had won the New Hampshire primary.

Non notable candidates

The following candidates had no on-ballot access but were official write-in candidates in at least one state.[158]

Alabama, Iowa, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont are not listed below as those states do not require filing as a write-in candidate.

    • Fox, Cherunda Lynn, 25 states
    • Schoenke, Marshall Roy , 20 states
    • Buchanan, Robert Lewis "Bob" , 16 states
    • Hartnell, Benjamin "Ben" , 16 states
    • Valdivia, Anthony "Tony" Joseph , 12 states
    • Basiago, Andrew Daniel "Andy" , 9 states
    • Schriner, Joseph Charles "Joe" "Average Joe" "The Painter" , 9 states
    • Wysinger, Demetra Jefferson , 9 states
    • Perry, Darryl W. , 8 states
    • Vogel-Walcutt, Jennifer J. "JJ" , 8 states
    • Boring, Paij Jean "Page" , 7 states
    • Jacquemotte, Alan "Al-J" , 7 states
    • Reid, Janet L. , 7 states
    • Ball, Dennis Andrew , 6 states
    • Librace, David , 6 states
    • Limbaugh, David , 6 states
    • Olkowski, Michael S. , 6 states
    • Cubbler, Scott Ralston , 5 states
    • Flippin, Ameer Xenos , 5 states
    • Jennings, Gerald John "Jerry", II , 5 states
    • Moreau, Kevin Michael , 5 states
    • Morris, Laio Chantelle , 5 states
    • Sterling, Shawna Joy , 5 states
    • Williams, Charles Mitchell "Mitchell" , 5 states
    • Bowhall, William Ernest, Jr. , 4 states
    • Puskar, Michael Brandon , 4 states
    • Roberts, Matthew "None of the Above" , 4 states
    • Steinacker, Delano Aimes, II , 4 states
    • Whitaker, Barbara Joan , 4 states
    • Bartlett, Henry Lovell , 3 states
    • Brown, Kennedy King , 3 states
    • Brown, Theodis, Sr. , 3 states
    • Carter, Willie Felix , 3 states
    • Collins, Loren , 3 states
    • Jackson, Denny Carroll , 3 states
    • Li, Johnson Immanuel Yuquimpo, Jr. , 3 states
    • Locke, Star , 3 states
    • Robertson, Platt Allen , 3 states
    • Smith, Duff Cooper "Coop" , 3 states
    • Tittle, Sheila Telles "Samm" , 3 states
    • Vakil, Kora Roberta Katz , 3 states
    • Bolar, Shelia Mariah , 2 states
    • Breivogel, JoAnn , 2 states
    • Burton, Jamin , 2 states
    • Byrne, David C. , 2 states
    • Carlisle, Martin Christopher , 2 states
    • Cavazos, Cynthia T. , 2 states
    • Edgell, Richard Baxter , 2 states
    • Gyurko, Zoltan Istvan , 2 states
    • Lee, Jonathan , 2 states
    • Paracha, Emaad Muhammad , 2 states
    • Roberts, Clifton Lee , 2 states
    • Smith, William Roger "Roger" , 2 states
    • Sood, Ajay , 2 states
    • Strickland, Gloria Dawn , 2 states
    • Thomson, Douglas W. , 2 states
    • Wallace, William Leonard , 2 states
    • Zerilli, Charles R. , 2 states
    • Adams, Paul , 1 state
    • Allen, Stephen L. , 1 state
    • Aranja, Arantxa , 1 state
    • Asherie, Neer R. , 1 state
    • Baird, Dustin Alan , 1 state
    • Bell, James Jerome , 1 state
    • Bickelmeyer, Michael , 1 state
    • Blickley, Mark , 1 state
    • Blumenthal, Paul E. , 1 state
    • Botero, Juan B. , 1 state
    • Boyles, Michael David , 1 state
    • Boynton, Philip D. , 1 state
    • Brown, Dana E. , 1 state
    • Brown, Ray C. , 1 state
    • Brumfield, Author C. , 1 state
    • Canns, Gary S. , 1 state
    • Clark, Roy Allen "Santa" , 1 state
    • Cohen, Ariel , 1 state
    • Connolly, William J. , 1 state
    • Cooper, Jeffrey A. , 1 state
    • Corsetti, Michael , 1 state
    • Cummings, Darryl , 1 state
    • Deame, Kevin , 1 state
    • Dean, Charlie , 1 state
    • Denz, Vickie Lynn , 1 state
    • Edalgo, James Edward , 1 state
    • Elgar, Betsy Pauline , 1 state
    • Elliott, Claire Elisabeth , 1 state
    • Ellis, Craig , 1 state
    • Evans, Ronald , 1 state
    • Feegbeh, William B. , 1 state
    • Floyd, Theo R. , 1 state
    • Fried, Jason , 1 state
    • Gates, Jacqueline , 1 state
    • Gerhard, Eric , 1 state
    • Glentz, Joseph , 1 state
    • Griffith, William Richard , 1 state
    • Harper, Mark J. , 1 state
    • Helgerson, Timothy , 1 state
    • Hess, William Anthony, IV , 1 state
    • Heupel, RaeDeen Rose , 1 state
    • Holbeck, Alec , 1 state
    • Hrenak, James, Jr. , 1 state
    • Huffman, Lonny Paul , 1 state
    • In-Albon, Mitchell , 1 state
    • Indiana, Tara , 1 state
    • Ingbar, Michael Frederick , 1 state
    • Jaynes, Bruce E. , 1 state
    • Jobe, James Walter , 1 state
    • Johnson Pendleton, Cathy , 1 state
    • Keita, Mohammed , 1 state
    • Kelly, Melissa L. , 1 state
    • Kern, Jacob S. , 1 state
    • Kirschner, Barry , 1 state
    • Klojzy, Jeffrey John, Jr. , 1 state
    • Kobin, Asher J. , 1 state
    • Kokes, Troy Morgan , 1 state
    • Koplitz, Roger , 1 state
    • Lacy, Chris , 1 state
    • Lash, Ken , 1 state
    • Levinson, Michael Stephen "Lev" , 1 state
    • Limbaush, Charles David , 1 state
    • Ling, William Martin , 1 state
    • Lohmiller, Bruce , 1 state
    • Lowe, Donald Eugene , 1 state
    • Luesing, Richard Turner, Jr. , 1 state
    • Lynch, Darin , 1 state
    • Mackler, Jeffrey , 1 state
    • Mallapadi, Srinivasa K. , 1 state
    • Malloy, Steven P. , 1 state
    • Martin, Daniel Stevens , 1 state
    • Maus, William Joseph , 1 state
    • McCarthy, Stephen John , 1 state
    • McCathy, Stephen , 1 state
    • McKee, Kevin P. , 1 state
    • Meluch, Timothy B. , 1 state
    • Miller, Scott Erwin , 1 state
    • Monson, Dori Thomas , 1 state
    • Morrow, Robert , 1 state
    • MsMere, Reverend , 1 state
    • Muffoletto, Daniel , 1 state
    • Muhammad, Ricky , 1 state
    • Mullis, Ric , 1 state
    • Mutford, Jason , 1 state
    • Nieman, Thomas J. , 1 state
    • None of these candidates , 1 state
    • Orwick, Aaron Idean , 1 state
    • Parks, Stephen Paul , 1 state
    • Payeur, Micah , 1 state
    • Perry, Brian Anthony , 1 state
    • Perry, David , 1 state
    • Perry, David "Dave" , 1 state
    • Ramos, Luis Alberto, Jr. , 1 state
    • Regenold, Ricky J. , 1 state
    • Rice, Robert D. , 1 state
    • Schafer, Paul , 1 state
    • Schmidt, Joseph , 1 state
    • Schumacher, Derrick , 1 state
    • Seeberg, Phillip , 1 state
    • Semon, Adam Lee , 1 state
    • Sidner, Arthur E. , 1 state
    • Snell, Keith Richard , 1 state
    • Soldjah, Sistah , 1 state
    • Stack, David G. , 1 state
    • Steffes, Dale , 1 state
    • Sterner, Corey , 1 state
    • Stevens, Timothy Allen , 1 state
    • Stout, Matthew Water , 1 state
    • Stroh, Josiah R. , 1 state
    • Struck, James T. , 1 state
    • Symonette, Maurice , 1 state
    • Tabor, Samuel Lewis , 1 state
    • Taysom, Nicola "Niki" Jo , 1 state
    • Terry, Doug , 1 state
    • Thomas, Mary E. , 1 state
    • Tyree, Roy Wayne , 1 state
    • Urbach, Marc , 1 state
    • Vann, Mary A. , 1 state
    • Welsh, Esther , 1 state
    • Wettschreck, Kirk , 1 state
    • Wharton, Jeffrey Ryan, Sr. , 1 state
    • Williams, Victor , 1 state
    • Wilson, Sandra , 1 state
    • Wolff, Robert M. , 1 state
    • Wu, Jeffrey Anthony , 1 state
    • Zutler, Daniel Paul , 1 state

Previously speculated

The following individuals have been the focus of presidential speculation as an independent candidate in multiple media reports during the 2016 election cycle, but such speculation has ostensibly ceased for a period of three months or longer.

Withdrew

Declined

Individuals listed in this section have been the focus of media speculation as being possible 2016 presidential candidates but have unequivocally ruled out an independent presidential bid in 2016.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Winger, Richard (July 2015). "2016 Petitioning for President". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 2015-08-28.
  2. ↑ "2016 Presidential Ballot Access Map". lp.org.
  3. ↑ Struyk, Ryan; de la Cuetara, Ines (May 29, 2016). "Gary Johnson Wins Libertarian Nomination for President". ABC News. Retrieved 2016-05-29.
  4. ↑ Libertarian Party National Convention (Live Video). Orlando, Florida: C-SPAN. May 29, 2016. Retrieved May 29, 2016.
  5. ↑ "2016 Presidential Candidates". Green Party of the United States. December 31, 2015. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
  6. ↑ "Green Party presidential primary calendar". Green Party Watch. February 11, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
  7. ↑ "RECOGNIZED CANDIDATES SEEKING THE GPUS 2016 PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATION". Green Party of the United States. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
  8. ↑ "Election 2016 - Presidential Primaries, Caucuses, and Conventions". The Green Papers. August 6, 2016. Retrieved August 7, 2016.
  9. ↑ Buchman, Joseph (August 8, 2016). "CIA's McMullin Launches "Third Party" 2016 POTUS Campaign". Independent Political Report. Retrieved 2016-08-08.
  10. ↑ Walshe, Shushannah (October 6, 2016). "Presidential Candidate Evan McMullin Picks Mindy Finn as Running Mate". ABC News. Retrieved October 7, 2016.
  11. ↑ "Independent Candidate Inundated With Mystery Running Mate Questions". Morning Edition. NPR. September 8, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
  12. ↑ Strauss, Daniel (September 7, 2016). "Whoops: Independent candidate appears to have accidentally picked a running mate". Politico. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  13. ↑ http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php
  14. ↑ "2016 November General Candidate List" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-09-10.
  15. ↑ "Four Statewide Petitions Filed in Pennsylvania – Ballot Access News".
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  18. ↑ "Idaho Approves All Four Independent Presidential Candidate Petitions – Ballot Access News".
  19. ↑ "US: Darrell Castle named Constitution Party candidate". Aljazeera.com. April 16, 2016. Retrieved April 18, 2016.
  20. ↑ Winger, Richard (April 16, 2016). "Constitution Party Nominates Darrell Castle and Scott Bradley". Ballot Access News. Retrieved April 18, 2016.
  21. ↑ "The Constitution Party hosts national convention in Salt Lake City"
  22. ↑ Winger, Richard (April 16, 2016). "Constitution Party Nominates Darrell Castle". Ballot Access News. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
  23. ↑ Ricardo Davis (April 16, 2016). "Constitution Party Nominating Convention Results". Constitution Party of Georgia. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
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  30. ↑ "Constitution Party on Twitter". Twitter. April 15, 2016. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  31. ↑ "Constitution Party on Twitter". Twitter. April 15, 2016. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  32. ↑ http://workingfamilies.org/2016/08/wfp-endorses-hillary-clinton/
  33. ↑ http://ballot-access.org/2016/09/16/new-york-state-board-of-elections-removes-rocky-de-la-fuente-and-lynn-kahn-from-ballot/
  34. ↑ https://democracychronicles.com/ny-blocks-independents/
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  44. 1 2 "Rocky De La Fuente Passes the 270 Vote Electoral Vote Threshold".
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  50. ↑ Winger, Richard (August 24, 2016). "Minnesota Accepts All Seven Presidential Petitions". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  51. ↑ Winger, Richard (September 9, 2016). "Eight Presidential Candidates will be on Mississippi Ballot".
  52. ↑ "Certification of Nominees" (PDF). New Jersey Secretary of State (Division of Elections). August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  53. ↑ Winger, Richard (July 6, 2016). "New Mexico and Washington Secretaries of State Finish Validating some Minor Party Petitions". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  54. ↑ Winger, Richard (August 25, 2016). "Alaska Division of Elections Says All Presidential Petitions are Valid". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  55. 1 2 Winger, Richard (July 20, 2016). "Connecticut Secretary of State Now Says Rocky De La Fuente Petition is Permitted to List Presidential and Vice-Presidential Candidates from Florida". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  56. ↑ Winger, Richard (September 10, 2016). "Kentucky Secretary of State Says Evan McMullin and Rocky De La Fuente Petitions are Valid".
  57. ↑ Winger, Richard (August 25, 2016). "Montana Says Both Presidential Petitions are Valid". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  58. ↑ Winger, Richard (August 2, 2016). "Nevada Says Rocky De La Fuente Has Enough Valid Signatures". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  59. ↑ Winger, Richard (September 8, 2016). "New Hampshire Says Rocky De La Fuente Has Enough Valid Signatures".
  60. ↑ Winger, Richard (September 7, 2016). "North Dakota Says All Three Independent Presidential Petitions are Valid".
  61. ↑ Winger, Richard (September 9, 2016). "Rhode Island Secretary of State Says Three Independent Presidential Petitions Have Enough Valid Signatures".
  62. ↑ Winger, Richard (August 23, 2016). "Rocky De La Fuente Has Enough Valid Signatures in Tennessee". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
  63. ↑ Winger, Richard (August 3, 2016). "Vermont Presidential Petition Filings". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  64. ↑ Winger, Richard (August 25, 2016). "Wisconsin Approves Both Independent Presidential Petitions".
  65. ↑ Winger, Richard (September 8, 2016). "Wyoming Says Jill Stein and Rocky De La Fuente Have Enough Valid Signatures; Still Checking Evan McMullin".
  66. 1 2 ABC/FOX/Montana/Story http://www.abcfoxmontana.com/story/33396752/presidential-candidate-roque-de-la-fuente
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  71. ↑ "Candidate Filings, 2016 State General Election". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  72. ↑ "Details for Candidate ID : P80005473". FEC. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
  73. ↑ Winger, Richard (February 13, 2016). "Socialist Workers Party Announces National Ticket". Ballot Access News. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
  74. ↑ "Socialist Workers Party 2016 Candidates" (PDF). The Militant. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
  75. ↑ Chris Powell (August 3, 2016). "Who is on the presidential ballot where?". Medium (website). Retrieved October 26, 2016.
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  79. ↑ "November 8, 2016, General Election Certified List of Write-In Candidates" (PDF). State of California Secretary of State. 2016-10-28. Retrieved 2016-10-28.
  80. ↑ Kemp, Brian (September 12, 2016). "Qualifying Candidate Information". sos.ga.gov. Georgia Secretary of State. Retrieved September 13, 2016.
  81. ↑ "CANDIDATES HAVING FILED A DECLARTION OF INTENT TO BE A WRITE-IN AT THE NOVEMBER 8, 2016 GENERAL ELECTION" (PDF). Idaho Secretary of State. Retrieved 2016-10-11.
  82. ↑ "Election Candidate Filings - President of the United States". Kentucky.gov. Retrieved 2016-09-26.
  83. ↑ "2016 Candidate Listing". Maryland.gov. Retrieved 2016-09-26.
  84. ↑ "Michigan 2016 General Election". The Green Papers. Retrieved 2016-10-19.
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  87. ↑ "Official Write-In Candidates for President" (PDF). 2016-10-24.
  88. ↑ Winger, Richard (2016-10-20). "Six Write-in Presidential Candidates File to Have North Dakota Write-ins Counted". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  89. ↑ http://www.co.greene.oh.us/DocumentCenter/View/8999
  90. ↑ "Election Law Summary" (PDF). Oregon Secretary of State. Elections Division. p. 14. Retrieved 2016-10-19. Oregon voters have the option of not voting for any of the candidates for office who are printed on the ballot, but instead writing in a name of a candidate for each office. All write-in votes for each office on the ballot are tallied together with a lump sum recorded unless: 1 No names of candidates are printed on the ballot for the office; or 2 If the total number of write-in votes for candidates equals or exceeds the total number of votes for any candidate for the same nomination or office. In these two circumstances, the county clerk tallies all write-in votes cast for the office to show the total number of votes for each write-in candidate.
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  92. ↑ "ASP Gets Confirmation of Official Write-In Status!".
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  94. ↑ "Candidate Guide to Ballot Access". www.dcboee.org. District of Columbia Board of Elections. In lieu of circulating nominating petitions to obtain ballot access, write-in candidacy is permitted during both the primary and general elections. If victory by a write-in candidate is apparent, the write-in candidate must complete an Affirmation of Write-In Candidacy form at the Board's office on or before: June 15, 2016 for the Primary Election; November 14, 2016 for the General Election
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