United States Senate elections, 1916 and 1917

United States Senate elections, 1916 and 1917
United States
September 11, 1916 in Maine,
November 7, 1916 elsewhere,
(and May 29, 1917 for a special election)

35 of the 96 seats in the U.S. Senate
(as well as special elections)

49 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic Republican
Seats before 55 41
Seats won 16 16
Seats after 54 42
Seat change Decrease 1 Increase 1
Seats up 17 15

     Democratic gains      Democratic holds
     Republican gains      Republican holds

Majority party before election

Democratic

Elected Majority party

Democratic

The United States Senate elections of 1916 and 1917 were elections that coincided with the re-election of Democratic President Woodrow Wilson. Republicans gained a net pick-up of one seat from the Democrats. A 1916 special election gave Republicans a second seat, and a special Senate election in 1917 gave Republicans a third seat.

Senate Party Division, 65th Congress (1917–1919)

Majority Party: Democratic (54 seats)

Minority Party: Republican (42 seats)

Other Parties: 0

Total Seats: 96

Note: These numbers represent composition as result of 1916 Senatorial Elections. Actual composition often changes during term, due to deaths, resignations or party shifting.

Gains and losses

Republicans picked up seven seats:

Democrats picked up five seats:

Change in Senate composition

Before September 11, 1916 elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
Ran
D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
Ran
D40
Ran
D41
Ran
D42
Ran
D43
Ran
D44
Ran
D45
Ran
D46
Ran
D47
Ran
D48
Ran
Majority → D49
Ran
R39
Retired
V1
R died
V2
D died
D55
Appointee ran
D54
Retired
D53
Ran
D52
Ran
D51
Ran
D50
Ran
R38
Ran
R37
Ran
R36
Ran
R35
Ran
R34
Ran
R33
Ran
R32
Ran
R31
Ran
R30
Ran
R29
Ran
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25
Ran
R26
Ran
R27
Ran
R28
Ran
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the special elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48
Majority → D49
R39 R40
Hold
R41
Gain
D55
Hold
D54 D53 D52 D51 D50
R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the general elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
Re-elected
D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
Re-elected
D40
Re-elected
D41
Re-elected
D42
Re-elected
D43
Re-elected
D44
Re-elected
D45
Re-elected
D46
Re-elected
D47
Hold
D48
Hold
Majority → D49
Gain
R39
Gain
R40
Gain
R41 R42 D54 D53
Gain
D52
Gain
D51
Gain
D50
Gain
R38
Gain
R37
Gain
R36
Gain
R35
Gain
R34
Hold
R33
Hold
R32
Hold
R31
Re-elected
R30
Re-elected
R29
Re-elected
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25
Re-elected
R26
Re-elected
R27
Re-elected
R28
Re-elected
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key:
D# Democratic
R# Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 64th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1916 or before March 4, 1917; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Maine
(Class 2)[1]
Edwin C. Burleigh Republican 1912 Incumbent died June 16, 1916.
Winner elected September 11, 1916.
Republican hold.
Bert M. Fernald (Republican), 54.28%
Kenneth C.M. Sills (Democratic), 45.49%
Frederick Shepherd (Prohibition), 0.23%
Arkansas
(Class 3)
James Paul Clarke Democratic 1903
1909
1915
Incumbent died October 1, 1916.
Winner elected November 7, 1916.[2]
Democratic hold.
William F. Kirby (Democratic), 69.27%
H. L. Remmel (Republican), 30.73%
Indiana
(Class 3)
Thomas Taggart Democratic 1916 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election to finish term.
Winner elected November 7, 1916.[3]
Republican gain.
James Eli Watson (Republican), 47.66%
Thomas Taggart (Democratic), 46.29%
Edward Henry (Socialist), 3.08%
William H. Hickman (Prohibition), 2.29%
John F. Clifford (Progressive), 0.68%

Elections leading to the 65th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1917; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Arizona Henry F. Ashurst Democratic 1912 Incumbent re-elected in 1916. Henry F. Ashurst (Democratic), 55.36%
Joseph Henry Kibbey (Republican), 39.4%
W. S. Bradford (Socialist), 5.24%[4]
California John D. Works Republican 1911 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1916.[5]
Republican hold.
Hiram Johnson (Republican), 61.09%
George S. Patton, Sr. (Democratic), 29.54%
Walter Thomas Mills (Socialist), 5.25%
Marshall Atwood (Prohibition), 4.12%
Connecticut George P. McLean Republican 1910 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[6] George P. McLean (Republican), 50.17%
Homer Stille Cummings (Democratic), 46.24%
Martin Plunkett (Socialist), 2.48%
Wilbur Manchester (Prohibition), 0.83%
Otto Ruckser (Socialist Labor), 0.29%
Delaware Henry A. du Pont Republican 1906 (Special)
1911
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1916.[7]
Democratic gain.
Josiah O. Wolcott (Democratic), 49.67%
Henry A. du Pont (Republican), 44.77%
Hiram A. Burton (Progressive), 4.61%
William C. Ferris (Socialist), 0.96%
Florida Nathan P. Bryan Democratic 1911 (Appointed)
1911 (Special)
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected in 1916.[8]
Democratic hold.
Park Trammell (Democratic), 82.86%
William O'Neal (Republican), 12.45%
R. L. Goodwin (Socialist), 4.69%
Indiana John W. Kern Democratic 1910 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1916.[9]
Republican gain.
Harry Stewart New (Republican), 47.77%
John W. Kern (Democratic), 46.14%
Joseph Zimmerman (Socialist), 3.06%
Elwood Haynes (Prohibition), 2.21%
John N. Dyer (Progressive), 0.61%
Ira Decker (Socialist Labor), 0.22%
Maine Charles Fletcher Johnson Democratic 1910 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected September 11, 1916.[10]
Republican gain.
Frederick Hale (Republican), 52.72%
Charles Fletcher Johnson (Democratic), 46.09%
James F. Carey (Socialist), 1%
Arthur C. Jackson (Prohibition), 0.19%
Maryland Blair Lee I Democratic 1914 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected in 1916.[11][12]
Republican gain.
Joseph I. France (Republican), 49.32%
David John Lewis (Democratic), 47.62%
James Frizzell (Prohibition), 1.44%
Sylvester Young (Socialist), 1.12%
Frank Lang (Labor), 0.5%
Massachusetts Henry Cabot Lodge Republican 1893
1899
1905
1911
Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[13] Henry Cabot Lodge (Republican), 51.68%
John F. Fitzgerald (Democratic), 45.31%
William N. McDonald (Socialist), 3.01%
Michigan Charles E. Townsend Republican 1910 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[14] Charles E. Townsend (Republican), 56.34%
Lawrence Price (Democratic), 39.85%
E. O. Foss (Socialist), 2.41%
John Y. Johnston (Prohibition), 1.17%
Herman Richter (Socialist Labor), 0.14%
Minnesota Moses E. Clapp Republican 1901 (Special)
1904
1910
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected in 1916.[15][16]
Republican hold.
Frank B. Kellogg (Republican), 48.58%
Daniel Lawler (Democratic), 30.84%
Willis Calderwood (Prohibition), 20.58%
Mississippi John Sharp Williams Democratic 1910 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[17] John Sharp Williams (Democratic), Unopposed
Missouri James A. Reed Democratic 1910 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[18] James A. Reed (Democratic), 50.56%
Walter S. Dickey (Republican), 47.44%
Kate Richards O'Hare (Socialist), 1.87%
Joseph Scheidler (Socialist Labor), 0.12%
Montana Henry L. Myers Democratic 1910 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[19] Henry L. Myers (Democratic), 51.06%
Charles Nelson Pray (Republican), 43.40%
Henry La Beau (Socialist), 5.54%
Nebraska Gilbert Hitchcock Democratic 1911 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[20] Gilbert Hitchcock (Democratic), 49.98%
John L. Kennedy (Republican), 45.88%
E. E. Olmstead (Socialist), 2.59%
D. B. Gilbert (Prohibition), 1.55%
Nevada Key Pittman Democratic 1913 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[21] Key Pittman (Democratic), 38.81%
Samuel Platt (Republican), 32.28%
Ashley G. Miller (Socialist), 28.91%
New Jersey James Edgar Martine Democratic 1910 or 1911 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1916.[22]
Republican gain.
Joseph S. Frelinghuysen (Republican), 55.99%
James Edgar Martine (Democratic), 38.9%
William C. Doughty (Socialist), 3.06%
Livingston Barbour (Prohibition), 1.64%
Rudolph Katz (Socialist Labor), 0.42%
New Mexico Thomas B. Catron Republican 1912 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1916.[23]
Democratic gain.
Andrieus A. Jones (Democratic), 51.01%
Frank Hubbell (Republican), 45.95%
W. P. Metcalf (Socialist), 3.04%
New York James Aloysius O'Gorman Democratic 1911 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1916.
Republican gain.
William M. Calder (Republican), 54.32%
William F. McCombs (Democratic), 39.22%
Joseph D. Cannon (Socialist), 3.96%
D. Leigh Colvin (Prohibition), 1.25%
Bainbridge Colby (Progressive), 0.99%
August Gillhaus (Socialist Labor), 0.26%
North Dakota Porter J. McCumber Republican 1911 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[24] Porter J. McCumber (Republican), 53.85%
John Burke (Democratic), 38.24%
E. R. Fry (Socialist), 7.91%
Ohio Atlee Pomerene Democratic 1911 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[25] Atlee Pomerene (Democratic), 49.26%
Myron T. Herrick (Republican), 46.15%
Charles Ruthenberg (Socialist), 3.29%
Aaron S. Watkins (Prohibition), 1.04%
Jacob S. Coxey, Sr. (Independent), 0.26%
Pennsylvania George T. Oliver Republican 1909 (Special)
1911
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1916.[26]
Republican hold.
Philander C. Knox (Republican), 56.31%
Ellis Orvis (Democratic), 37.25%
Charles Ervin (Socialist), 3.76%
Herbert T. Ames (Prohibition), 2.49%
Robert C. Macauley (Single Tax), 0.12%
Rhode Island Henry F. Lippitt Republican 1910 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1916.[27]
Democratic gain.
Peter G. Gerry (Democratic), 52.94%
Henry F. Lippitt (Republican), 44.12%
Frederick Hurst (Socialist), 2.25%
Frank J. Sibley (Prohibition), 0.51%
Peter McDermott (Socialist Labor), 0.19%
Tennessee Luke Lea Democratic 1911 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected in 1916.[28]
Democratic hold.
Kenneth McKellar (Democratic), 54.42%
Ben W. Hooper (Republican), 44.75%
H. H. Mangum (Socialist), 0.83%
Texas Charles Allen Culberson Democratic 1899
1905
1911
Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[29] Charles Allen Culberson (Democratic), 81.3%
Alex Atcheson (Republican), 13.09%
F. A. Hickey (Socialist), 4.99%
F. H. Combeau (Prohibition), 0.62%
Utah George Sutherland Republican 1905
1911
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1916.[30]
Democratic gain.
William H. King (Democratic), 56.92%
George Sutherland (Republican), 39.93%
Christian Poulson (Socialist), 3.16%
Vermont Carroll S. Page Republican 1908 (Special)
1910
Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[31] Carroll S. Page (Republican), 74.41%
Oscar C. Miller (Democratic), 23.5%
Norman Greenslet (Socialist), 2.1%
Virginia Claude A. Swanson Democratic 1910 (Appointed)
1911 (Appointed)
1911 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[32] Claude A. Swanson (Democratic)
Unopposed
Washington Miles Poindexter Republican 1910 Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[33] Miles Poindexter (Republican), 55.39%
George Turner (Democratic), 37.06%
Bruce Rogers (Socialist), 5.95%
Joseph Campbell (Prohibition), 1.21%
Walter J. Thompson (Progressive), 0.4%
West Virginia William E. Chilton Democratic 1910 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1916.[34]
Republican gain.
Howard Sutherland (Republican), 50.14%
William E. Chilton (Democratic), 48.17%
G. A. Gneiser (Socialist), 1.7%
Wisconsin Robert M. La Follette, Sr. Republican 1905
1911
Incumbent re-elected in 1916.[35] Robert M. La Follette, Sr. (Republican), 59.23%
William F. Wolfe (Democratic), 31.9%
Richard Elsner (Socialist), 6.85%
Charles L. Hill (Prohibition), 2.02%
Wyoming Clarence D. Clark Republican 1911 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1916.[36]
Democratic gain.
John B. Kendrick (Democratic), 51.47%
Clarence D. Clark (Republican), 45.47%
Paul Paulsen (Socialist), 2.61%
Arthur B. Campbell (Prohibition), 0.45%

Elections during the 85th Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated after March 4, 1917.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Oregon (Class 2) Harry Lane Democratic [Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Incumbent died May 23, 1917.
New senator elected May 29, 1917.
Republican gain.
Charles L. McNary (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

See also

References

  1. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267712
  2. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36570
  3. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267714
  4. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=3289
  5. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=24100
  6. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267949
  7. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267820
  8. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36526
  9. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267950
  10. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267955
  11. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=27432
  12. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=126894
  13. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267998
  14. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267998
  15. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=85063
  16. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=564167
  17. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267957
  18. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=261567
  19. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268277
  20. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267951
  21. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36481
  22. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268242
  23. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267952
  24. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=190076
  25. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=38711
  26. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=43794
  27. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268259
  28. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=43794
  29. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36609
  30. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=27686
  31. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268282
  32. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267995
  33. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=22761
  34. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267953
  35. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46908
  36. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267954
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