Turkish general election, 1995

December 24, 1995

Total of 550 seats of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey 276 seats were needed for a majority

	First party	Second party	Third party

Leader	Necmettin Erbakan	Tansu Çiller	Mesut Yılmaz
Party	Welfare	DYP	ANAP
Leader since	11 October 1987	13 June 1993	15 June 1991
Leader's seat	Konya	Istanbul	Rize
Last election	62 seats, 16.87%	178 seats, 27.03%	115 seats, 24.01%
Seats won	158	135	132
Seat change	96	43	17
Popular vote	6,012,450	5,396,009	5,527,288
Percentage	21.38%	19.18%	19.65%
Swing	4.50%	7.85%	4.36%

	Fourth party	Fifth party

Leader	Bülent Ecevit	Deniz Baykal
Party	Democratic Left	CHP
Leader since	15 January 1989	9 September 1992
Leader's seat	Istanbul	Antalya
Last election	7 seats, 10.74%	88 seats, 20.75%
Seats won	76	49
Seat change	69	39
Popular vote	4,118,025	3,011,076
Percentage	14.64%	10.71%
Swing	3.89%	10.04%

Winners according to provinces:
RP DYP ANAP DSP CHP HADEP

Prime Minister before election

Tansu Çiller
DYP

Elected Prime Minister

Tansu Çiller
DYP

Turkey

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Turkey's 13th general election was held on Sunday December 24, 1995, triggered by the newly reformed Republican People's Party's (CHP) withdrawal from a coalition with the True Path Party (DYP). The coalition had been in government for four years, having been formed by the Social Democratic Populist Party, the CHP's predecessor.

The vote was the first to elect 550 deputies to parliament, its largest size yet. The religious Welfare Party (RP) achieved an unprecedented victory, but not an overall majority. The Democratic Left Party (DSP) also made significant gains at the expense of the CHP, which barely crossed the election barrier. The election was also the first time an openly Kurdish party – the People's Democracy Party – contested. It was the leading party in several provinces, but received no MPs due to missing the 10% electoral threshold.

Results

Total votes and seats for each party

Parties		Votes			Seats
Parties		No.	%	+− %	No.	+−
	Welfare Party (Refah Partisi - RP)	6,012,450	21.38	+4.50	158	+96
	Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi - ANAP)	5,527,288	19.65	-4.36	132	+17
	True Path Party (Doğru Yol Partisi - DYP)	5,396,009	19.18	-7.85	135	-43
	Democratic Left Party (Demokratik Sol Parti - DSP)	4,118,025	14.64	+3.89	76	+69
	Republican People's Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi - CHP)	3,011,076	10.71	-10.04	49	-39
	Nationalist Movement Party (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi - MHP)	2,301,343	8.18		0
	People's Democracy Party (Halkın Demokrasi Partisi - HADEP)	1,171,623	4.17		0
	Independents	133,895	0.48	+0.35	0
	New Democracy Movement (Yeni Demokrasi Hareketi - YDP)	133.889	0.48		0
	Nation Party (Millet Partisi - MP)	127.630	0.45		0
	Rebirth Party (Yeniden Doğuş Partisi - YDP)	95.484	0.34		0
	Workers' Party (İşçi Partisi - İP)	61.428	0.22		0
	New Party (Yeni Parti - YP)	36.853	0.13		0
No. of valid votes		28,126,993	100,00		550	0
Invalid votes		974,476
Total votes		29,101,469
Electorate size		34,155,981
Voter turnout		85.5%
*Sources: BBC Turkish Service and Turkish Parliament archives

Effects

Coalition of Ordered government

Not since before the declaration of the republic had a blatantly religious party emerged as the largest political force in Turkey. There were fears of the secular armed forces refusing to accept the election result, perhaps even launching yet another coup. As a national debate waged, Tansu Çiller's government stayed on, eventually agreeing with Mesut Yılmaz's Motherland Party (ANAP) to form a minority coalition in March 1996, some three months after the election.

The ANAP-DYP coalition was toppled in an RP censure motion in June, forcing President Süleyman Demirel to choose between calling a fresh election or asking RP leader Necmettin Erbakan to form a government. He chose the latter, and the DYP switched allegiances to form Turkey's first Islamist government with the RP in June 1996.

CHP decline

The newly reformed CHP had withdrawn as junior partner of a four-year coalition with the DYP to contest an election on an agenda that boasted its Kemalist and centre-left history. The gamble turned out to be a disaster; far from returning to government, the CHP became the smallest party in parliament with a loss of nationalist votes to the MHP and left-wing votes to the DSP. The party's unpopularity led to its complete ejection from parliament in the next election.

Elections and referendums in Turkey

Presidential elections	2014

General elections	1923 1927 1931 1935 1939 1943 1946 1950 1954 1957 1961 1965 1969 1973 1977 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2002 2007 2011 2015 (Jun) 2015 (Nov) next

Local elections	1930 1934 1938 1942 1946 1950 1955 1963 1968 1973 1977 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019

Senate elections	1961 1964 1966 1968 1973 1975 1977 1979

Referendums	1961 1982 1987 1988 2007 2010 2017

By-elections	1986 2003

See also: Elections in the Ottoman Empire

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