Sumo languages

Sumo
Sumu
Native to	Nicaragua, Honduras
Region	Huaspuc River and its tributaries
Ethnicity	Sumo people
Native speakers	9,000 (1997–2009)^[1]
Language family	Misumalpan Sumalpan Sumo
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`sum` – inclusive code Individual codes: `yan` – Mayangna `ulw` – Ulwa
Glottolog	`sumu1234`^[2]

Sumo (also known as Sumu) is the collective name for a group of Misumalpan languages spoken in Nicaragua and Honduras. Hale & Salamanca (2001) classify the Sumu languages into a northern Mayangna, composed of the Tawahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa. Sumu specialist Ken Hale considers the differences between Ulwa and Mayangna in both vocabulary and morphology to be so considerable that he prefers to speak of Ulwa as a language distinct from the northern Sumu varieties.

Bibliography

Hale, Ken, and Danilo Salamanca (2001) "Theoretical and Universal Implications of Certain Verbal Entries in Dictionaries of the Misumalpan Languages", in Frawley, Hill & Munro eds. Making Dictionaries: Preserving indigenous Languages of the Americas. University of California Press.

References

↑ Sumo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Mayangna at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Ulwa at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Sumuic". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

Languages of Nicaragua

Official language	Spanish

Indigenous languages	Garifuna Miskito Rama Sumo

Creole languages	Miskito Coast Rama Cay

Sign languages	Nicaraguan Sign Language

Portal

Languages of Honduras

Official language	Spanish

Indigenous languages	Ch'orti Garifuna Lenca Miskito Pech Sumo Tolupan

Creole languages	Bay Islands Creole

Sign languages	Honduran Sign Language

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