Submucous plexus

Submucous plexus
The plexus of the submucosa from the rabbit. X 50.

Details
Identifiers
Latin	Plexus nervosus submucosus, plexus submucosus, plexus Meissneri
MeSH	A08.800.050.050.850
TA	A14.3.03.042
FMA	63252
*Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy* [edit on Wikidata]

Gastrointestinal wall

This article is one of a series on the
General structure Epithelium Mucosa Submucosa Circular muscle Longitudinal muscle Serosa Adventitia
Specific Meissner's plexus Auerbach's plexus
Organs Esophagus Stomach Intestines

The submucous plexus (Meissner's plexus, plexus of the submucosa, plexus submucosus) lies in the submucosa of the intestinal wall. The nerves of this plexus are derived from the myenteric plexus which itself is derived from the plexuses of parasympathetic nerves around the superior mesenteric artery. Branches from the myenteric plexus perforate the circular muscle fibers to form the submucous plexus. Ganglia from the plexus extend into the muscularis mucosae and to the mucous membrane.

They contain Dogiel cells.^[1] The nerve bundles of the submucous plexus are finer than those of the myenteric plexus. Its function is to innervate cells in the epithelial layer and the smooth muscle of the muscularis mucosae.

14% of submucosal plexus neurons are sensory neurons - Dogiel type II, also known as enteric primary afferent neurons or intrinsic primary afferent neurons.^[2]

History

German Georg Meissner was one of the first to further research the nervous system and found Meissners' plexus.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

↑ Stach, W (1979). "[Differentiated vascularization of Dogiel's cell types and the preferred vascularization of type I/2 cells within plexus myentericus (Auerbach) ganglia of the pig (author's transl)].". Anatomischer Anzeiger (in German). 145 (5): 464–73. PMID 507375.
↑ Anatomy and physiology of the enteric nervous system, M Costa,S J H Brookes,G W Hennig, Gut 2000;47:iv15-iv19 doi:10.1136/gut.47.suppl_4.iv15 , http://gut.bmj.com/content/47/suppl_4/iv15.full

External links

Physiology: 6/6ch1/s6ch1_10 - Essentials of Human Physiology
Anatomy Atlases - Microscopic Anatomy, plate 10.201

Physiology of the gastrointestinal system

GI tract

Upper

Exocrine	Chief cells Pepsinogen Parietal cells Gastric acid Intrinsic factor Foveolar cells HCO₃⁻ Mucus Goblet cells Mucus

Processes	Swallowing Vomiting

Fluids	Saliva Gastric acid

Lower

Enteric nervous system

Endocrine/paracrine

G cells gastrin D cells somatostatin ECL cells Histamine

enterogastrone:	I cells CCK K cells GIP S cells secretin

Enteroendocrine cells Enterochromaffin cell APUD cell

Fluids

Intestinal juice

Processes

Either/both

Processes	Peristalsis (Interstitial cell of Cajal Basal electrical rhythm) Gastrocolic reflex Digestion

Accessory

Fluids	Bile Pancreatic juice

Processes	Enterohepatic circulation

Abdominopelvic

Peritoneal fluid

Anatomy of the autonomic nervous system

Head

Sympathetic	Ciliary ganglion: roots Sensory Sympathetic Short ciliary

Parasympathetic	Ciliary ganglion: roots Sensory Parasympathetic Short ciliary Pterygopalatine ganglion: deep petrosal nerve of pterygoid canal branches of distribution: greater palatine inferior posterior nasal branches lesser palatine nasopalatine medial superior posterior nasal branches pharyngeal Submandibular ganglion Otic ganglion

Neck

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Cervical ganglia Superior Middle Inferior Stellate ganglion prevertebral plexus: Cavernous plexus Internal carotid

Chest

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Thoracic ganglia prevertebral plexus: Cardiac plexus Esophageal plexus Pulmonary plexus Thoracic aortic plexus splanchnic nerves: cardiopulmonary thoracic cardiac nerves: Superior Middle Inferior

Abdomen

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Lumbar ganglia prevertebral ganglia: Celiac ganglia Aorticorenal Superior mesenteric ganglion Inferior mesenteric ganglion prevertebral plexus: Celiac plexus Hepatic Splenic Pancreatic aorticorenal Abdominal aortic plexus Renal/Suprarenal Superior mesenteric Gastric Inferior mesenteric Spermatic Ovarian Superior hypogastric hypogastric nerve Superior rectal Inferior hypogastric Vesical Prostatic / Cavernous nerves of penis Uterovaginal Middle rectal splanchnic nerves: Lumbar splanchnic nerves

Enteric	Submucous plexus Myenteric plexus

Pelvis

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Sacral ganglia Ganglion impar splanchnic nerves: Sacral splanchnic nerves

Parasympathetic	splanchnic nerves: Pelvic splanchnic nerves

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