Stratford (New Zealand electorate)

Stratford is a former parliamentary electorate, in Taranaki, New Zealand. It existed from 1908 to 1946, and from 1954 to 1978. It was represented by six Members of Parliament.

Population centres

In the 1907 electoral redistribution, a major change that had to be allowed for was a reduction of the tolerance to ±750 to those electorates where the country quota applied. The North Island had once again a higher population growth than the South Island, and three seats were transferred from south to north. In the resulting boundary distribution, every existing electorate was affected, and three electorates were established for the first time, including the Stratford electorate. These changes took effect with the 1908 election.[1]

The electorate was mixed urban and rural, with the town of Stratford located near the electorate's southern boundary. In the 1908 election, the rural / urban split for the country quote was a ratio of 4 to 1, and it more or less held this ratio until the country quota was abolished.[2] In the 1918 electoral redistribution, the town of Inglewood was gained from the adjacent Taranaki electorate.[3] In the 1927 electoral redistribution, the electorate was not landlocked any longer for the first time, but gained the North Taranaki Bight coastline from just east of Waitara to the Mokau River, and the settlement of Mokau was thus gained.[4]

The Electoral Amendment Act 1945 abolished the country quote, and this was implemented through the 1946 electoral redistribution, which saw a reduction in the number of rural electorates, and an increase in their size. Many electorates were abolished, including Stratford, and its area was subsumed in the enlarged Waitomo electorate.[5]

The First Labour Government was defeated in the 1949 election and the incoming National Government changed the Electoral Act, with the electoral quota once again based on total population as opposed to qualified electors, and the tolerance was increased to 7.5% of the electoral quota. There was no adjustments in the number of electorates between the South and North Islands, but the law changes resulted in boundary adjustments to almost every electorate through the 1952 electoral redistribution; only five electorates were unaltered.[6] Five electorates were reconstituted (including Stratford) and one was newly created, and a corresponding six electorates were abolished; all of these in the North Island.[7] These changes took effect with the 1954 election.[8]

History

The electorate existed from 1908 to 1946, and from 1954 to 1978.[9] The first representative was the conservative politician John Bird Hine, who defeated Walter Symes of the Liberal Party.[10] Symes had held the Patea electorate from 1902 election to 1908, which then included the town of Stratford.[11][12]

Hine joined the Reform Party when it established itself in 1909.[13] In the 1919 election, Hine was defeated by Robert Masters of the Liberal Party.[14] The 1919 election was declared void, but Masters won the resulting 1920 by-election.[15]

Members of Parliament

The Stratford electorate was represented by six Members of Parliament:[9]

Key

  Independent     Reform     Liberal     National  

Election Winner
1908 election John Bird Hine
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election1 Robert Masters
1920 by-election
1922 election
1925 election Edward Walter
1928 election William Polson
1931 election
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
(electorate abolished 1946–1954)
1954 election Thomas Murray
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election David Thomson
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
(Electorate abolished in 1978)

1Robert Masters was elected in 1919; the election was declared void but Masters was elected in the subsequent 1920 by-election

Election results

1931 election

General election, 1931: Stratford[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Independent William Polson 3,554 42.50 -13.48
Independent Reform J W McMillan[nb 1] 2,036 24.35
Independent Norman Harold Moss 1,471 17.59
Labour Charles Croall 1,301 15.56
Informal votes 33 0.39 -0.30
Majority 1,518 18.15 +6.18
Turnout 8,395 86.81 -4.39
Registered electors 9,670

Table footnotes:

  1. ↑ McMillan claimed to stand for the Reform Party, but he was not the official candidate, as the United/Reform Coalition endorsed William Polson, who ran as an Independent[17]

1928 election

General election, 1928: Stratford[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Independent William Polson 4,592 55.99
Reform Edward Walter 3,610 44.01
Informal votes 57 0.69
Majority 982 11.97
Turnout 8,259 91.21
Registered electors 9,055

Stratford by-election, 1920

Stratford by-election, 1920[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Robert Masters 3,394 51.12
Reform John Bird Hine 3,246 48.88
Majority 148 2.22
Turnout 6,640
Liberal hold Swing

Notes

  1. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 71f.
  2. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 71–95.
  3. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 74–79.
  4. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 86f.
  5. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 90–95.
  6. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 99f.
  7. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 95–100.
  8. ↑ McRobie 1989, p. 99.
  9. 1 2 Wilson 1985, p. 272.
  10. ↑ "The General Election, 1908". National Library. 1909. p. 11. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  11. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 238.
  12. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 66–70.
  13. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 205.
  14. ↑ Wilson 1985, pp. 205, 219.
  15. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 219.
  16. ↑ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 4. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  17. ↑ "Stratford Electorate". The New Zealand Herald. LXVIII (21029). 13 November 1931. p. 11. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  18. ↑ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 5. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
  19. ↑ "Final Figures". Wanganui Herald. LIII (160648). 11 May 1920. p. 5. Retrieved 17 September 2016.

References

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