Stawell, Victoria

Stawell
Victoria

View south over Stawell toward the Grampians National Park from Big Hill lookout

Main street, Stawell
Stawell
Coordinates 37°03′0″S 142°46′0″E / 37.05000°S 142.76667°E / -37.05000; 142.76667Coordinates: 37°03′0″S 142°46′0″E / 37.05000°S 142.76667°E / -37.05000; 142.76667
Population 6,150 (2011 census)[1]
Established 1853
Postcode(s) 3380
Elevation 231 m (758 ft)
Location
LGA(s) Shire of Northern Grampians
County Borung
State electorate(s) Ripon
Federal Division(s) Mallee[2]
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall
20.1 °C
68 °F		 8.5 °C
47 °F		 533.4 mm
21 in

Stawell (pronounced /stɔːl/, "Stawl"), is an Australian town in the Wimmera region of Victoria 237 kilometres (147 mi) west-north-west of the state capital, Melbourne. Located within the Shire of Northern Grampians local government area it is a seat of local government for the shire and its main administrative centre. At the 2011 census, Stawell had a population of 6,150.[1]

It was founded in 1853 during the Victorian gold rush and is one of few towns in Victoria retaining an active gold mining industry.

Stawell is famed for the Stawell Gift, a professional foot race. It is also known as the gateway to the Grampians National Park.

It is named after Sir William Foster Stawell (1815–89), the Chief Justice of Victoria.

History

William McLachlan discovered alluvial gold at Pleasant Creek in May 1853, but the yield was not in sufficient volumes to attract much interest, as the Ballarat and Bendigo fields were known to be giving better results, and had already established the infrastructure to support the miners. There was however sufficient numbers for the area to support the beginnings of a settlement. The town site was first settled during 1853 and was named Pleasant Creek. The mining population of the Stawell field remained relatively small (averaging 200 or less) until 1857 when a series of new alluvial gold discoveries were made.[3]

In August 1857 more extensive prospecting and mining occurred at what became known as Commercial Street, Pleasant Creek.[4]

Two Post Offices were opened, Pleasant Creek on 19 October 1857 and Quartz Reef, Pleasant Creek on 1 June 1859. In 1858 diggers opened the Great Western goldfield, which was worked by some 9,000 prospecters.[3] The prospecting spread to nearby Deep Lead, about 6 kilometres to northwest, and it was reported that at the height of the rush there were over 25,000 people in the area. At the same time, shafts were being sunk around Big Hill, becoming known as the Quartz Reefs. Much alluvial gold was found in the area but the 'fossicking' petered out by 1859.[4]

In 1861, the township was renamed to honour Sir William Stawell (1815–89), the Chief Justice of Victoria resulting in the name of the Pleasant Creek post office becoming "Stawell". The town was created a borough in 1869.[5]

In 1870 Stawell post office was renamed Stawell West, and Quartz Reef, Stawell post office was renamed to Stawell.[6] Stawell Town Hall was constructed in 1872, under the guidance of Stawell Shire Engineer, John D'Alton.

The former Free Library and Mechanics Institute building at 170 Main Street was constructed in 1874 to the design of Stawell architect, George Inskip. The building has served as the location of the Mechanics Institute, School of Design (later School of Mines) and the Borough Library. It is now the headquarters of Australian Regional Education.

The town's water supply system was designed by John D'Alton in 1875, diverting water from Fyan's Creek by tunnels and pipelines, construction was completed in 1881.[7]

By the mid-1920s the gold mining had effectively ceased as the yields were found to be no longer commercial viable.[4] A Pioneer's memorial was erected on Big Hill in 1938.

The town hall underwent significant postwar remodelling, culminating in the addition of the landmark clock tower in 1939.

The Quartz Gold Memorial and Dane Memorial seat were erected on Big Hill in 1953 out of local quartz stone.

Stawell's historical association with gold-mining was revived when full-scale mining recommenced in 1981.[8]

Governance

Stawell Town Hall, Main Street, the council's customer service centre

Stawell is a seat of local government for the Northern Grampians Shire (the other being St Arnaud). The council meets regularly at Council Chambers at the Shire's offices on the Western Highway. Stawell is also the main administrative centre for the council, with its customer service administration facility located at the Stawell Town Hall. The LGA was created in 1994 as an amalgamation of a number of other municipalities in the region and currently consists of 4 wards, each represented by three councillors elected once every four years by postal voting.[9]

In state politics, Stawell is located in the Legislative Assembly electoral district of Ripon, currently held by Louise Staley (Liberal Party). Stawell is located within the Victorian Legislative Council's Western Victoria Region.

In federal politics, Stawell is located in a single House of Representatives division—the Division of Mallee. The MP's for this electorate[10] have been:

Name Party Term
Broad, A The Nationals 2013–
Forrest, J The Nationals 1993–2013
Fisher, P. S. (CP/NCP/NP) 1972–1993
Turnbull, W G Country Party 1949–1972

Economy

The economy of Stawell is sustained by the mining, agriculture, manufacturing, retail and tourism industries; the upcoming addition of the only neutrino observatory in the southern hemisphere, the Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory in a transitioning gold mine, represents a significant shift.[11][12]

The town's service industry includes government services, health, retail and education.

Stawell is the closest large town to the Grampians National Park, and as such plays a large role in regional tourism.

Safeway and IGA operate supermarkets in the town.

Stawell Hospital is a major regional hospital operated by Stawell Regional Health.

Education

Stawell railway station
V/Line coach operating at the railway station

Secondary education is serviced by Stawell Secondary College. Primary education facilities include Stawell Primary School, Stawell West Primary School and St Patrick's Catholic Primary. Early childhood education facilities include Early Learning Centre, Taylor's Gully and Cooinda Kindergartens. Special education is provided by Skene Street School.

Transport

Road transport is the main form of transport in Stawell. The town is at the junction of several major roads, the most significant being the Western Highway which bypasses the centre of town along Longfield Street linking it to the cities of Ararat, Ballarat and Melbourne in the east and the cities of Horsham and Adelaide to the west. The bypass has resulted in a new commercial centre spread along its length to the south of the town centre. Other significant roads include the Grampians Road (C216) used by many tourists on their journey to and from Halls Gap in the south west; Pomonal Road (C221) connecting it with the town of Pomonal to the south; Donald-Stawell Road (C238); and Navarre Road (C221) connecting it to the town of Navarre to the north. All major roads but the Western Highway converge in the town centre. Bus services operate to nearby towns including Halls Gap.

Stawell railway station is the town's only operating rail station, having been reopened for The Overland passenger services between Melbourne and Adelaide in 2011. V/Line and The Overland offer up to 60 seats on every Overland service for V/Line passengers travelling in Victoria. Overland services pass through Stawell 6 days per week. On Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays services are destined for Melbourne. On Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays services are destined for Adelaide.[13]

Stawell Airport (IATA: SWC, ICAO: YSWL) is located 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) southwest on Grampians Road; it provides for general aviation.

Sport

Central Park, Stawell's premier sporting ground, site of the Stawell Gift and home of several other sporting clubs

Along with the Stawell Gift, run each Easter long weekend by the Stawell Athletic Club, Stawell also has many other sporting outlets and teams.

The town has a main Australian rules football club, the Stawell Warriors, competing in the Wimmera Football League, and another team, the Stawell Swifts, competing in the Horsham & District Football League.

The horse racing club, the Wimmera Racing Club, schedules around four race meetings a year at Stawell including the Stawell Cup meeting on Easter Sunday.[14]

Stawell Harness Racing Club conducts regular meetings at its racetrack in the town.[15]

Golfers play at the course of the Grange Golf Club on the Western Highway, Stawell,[16] or at the course of the Stawell Golf Club on Marnoo Road.[17]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Stawell (State Suburb)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
  2. ↑ "Federal Election 2013". ABC News (Australia). 2 November 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2014.
  3. 1 2 Historic Gold Mining Sites in the South West Region Of Victoria. pg5 Department Of Natural Resources & Environment. 1999. (Retrieved 7 March 2014.)
  4. 1 2 3 150 Years of Gold Mining in Victoria Stawell Historical Society. (Retrieved 7 March 2014)
  5. ↑ Shawfactor. "Local history of Stawell".
  6. ↑ Premier Postal History, Post Office List, retrieved 2008-04-11
  7. ↑ Commemorative plaque on Big Hill
  8. ↑ "Stawell culture and history". The Sydney Morning Herald. 2008-11-24.
  9. ↑ http://www.ngshire.vic.gov.au/Council/Council_Meetings_Minutes_Agendas
  10. ↑ "Localities". aec.gov.au. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
  11. ↑ /information-session-today-on-stawells-underground-physics-laboratory
  12. ↑ /government-digs-deep-with-plan-for-stawells-future
  13. ↑ http://www.vline.com.au/fares-and-tickets/tickets/otheroperators.html/?hideleftnav=1&hideheader=1&noHeader=1&nofooter=1&nofooterProcess=1&printit=1
  14. ↑ "Wimmera Racing at Stawell". Country Racing Victoria. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
  15. ↑ Australian Harness Racing, Stawell, retrieved 2009-05-11
  16. ↑ Golf Select, Grange, retrieved 2009-05-11
  17. ↑ Golf Select, Stawell, retrieved 2009-05-11
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