Siege of Mandsaur

Invasion of Mewar
Part of Mewar-Gujarat wars
Rana Sanga Leader of the Rajput Confederation
Date 1520 (December) Location Borders of Mewar, India Result Stalemate, Malik Ayaz fails and retreats but Dungarpur and Banswarra Pillaged.
Belligerents
Rajput Confederates	Gujarat Sultanate Malwa Sultanate
Commanders and leaders
Rana Sanga Rawal Udai Singh of Dungarpur Rao Ganga of Jodhpur Rao Viram deva of Merta Silhadi Medini Rai Ashok Mal †	Sultan Muzaffar Shah II Sultan Mahmud khilji Nizam-ul-mulk Malik Ayaz Taj Khan Shuja-ul-mulk
Strength
80,000 Rajputs[1] 500 Elephants[2]	120,000 Cavalry[3] 120 elephants[4]

The Sultan of Gujarat left Muhammadabad and returned to his capital after the Maharana had returned to Mewar after his campaign in Gujarat. He was grieved to see his country devastated, and began to think of avenging its ruin. He set about preparing a large army, doubled the pay of the soldiers, and gave them a year's salary in advance.^[5]

Background

At last in Muharrum H. 927, December A.D. 1520, the Sultan sent Malik Ayaz with an army of 100,000 cavalry, 100 elephants against Mewar. Another army, consisting of 20,000 horse and 20 elephants was sent under Qiwam-ulmulk to co-operate with Malik Ayaz. Both these armies marched to Morassa. While they were encamped there, the Sultan, according to the Tabqati Akbari, sent reinforcements under Taj Khan and Nizamul-mulk. The Sultans army ravaged Dungarpur and advanced towards Banswara.^[6]

Siege of Mandsaur

After a skirmish between 200 horsemen under Shuja-ul-mulk and others, and some Rajputs in the hills,the Sultan's army advanced and invested the fort of Mandsaur in Malwa, then in the Maharana's possession. The governor of the fort, Asoka Mal, was killed but the fort did not fall. The Maharana left Chitor with a large army and arrived at the village of Nandsa, 12 cos (24 miles) from Mandsaur. In the meantime,- Sultan Mahmud Khilji of Malwa arrived from Mandu to assist the Gujarat forces to repay the debt he owed to Muzaffar Shah. The siege was pressed but no progress was made. The Maharana was reinforced by Medini Rai's army, and Raja Silhadi, the Tomar Chief of Raisen, joined the Maharana with ten thousand cavalry. The Mirati Sikandari says that "all the Rajas of the country round, went to the support of the Rana. Thus on both sides enormous forces were assembled. But the enterprise of Malik Ayaz did not advance in consequence of the ill-feeling entertained against him by the Amirs No progress was made in the siege of the fort."^[7]

Aftermath

Malik Ayaz foreseeing the ruin of his forces in the prolongation of the struggle made peace and fell back on Khiljipur, and eventually retreated to Gujarat.^[8]The Sultan is said to have received Malik Ayaz coldly when the latter waited on him at Chapaneri. The Mirati Sikandari says that not only was the Sultan very cold to Ayaz, but that all the people of Gujarat called him a coward.^[9]

References