Shanghai Greenland Shenhua F.C.

Shanghai Greenland Shenhua
Shànghǎi Lǜdì Shēnhuā
上海绿地申花
Full name Shanghai Greenland Shenhua Football Club 上海绿地申花足球俱乐部
Nickname(s) "The Flower of Shanghai" "申花"
Founded November 1951 (November 1951) (Semi-professional)
December 1993 (Professional)
Ground Hongkou Football Stadium,
Shanghai, China
Ground Capacity 33,060
Owner Greenland Group
Chairman Wu Xiaohui
Head coach Gustavo Poyet
League Chinese Super League
2016 Super League, 4th
Website Club home page

Shanghai Greenland Shenhua Football Club (simplified Chinese: 上海绿地申花足球俱乐部; traditional Chinese: 上海綠地申花足球俱樂部; pinyin: Shànghǎi Lǜdì Shēnhuā Zúqiú Jùlèbù), is a professional Chinese football club that currently participates in the Chinese Super League under licence from the Chinese Football Association (CFA). The term shen hua literally translates as "the Flower of Shanghai" in English shen is one of the alternative names of Shanghai and hua means flower in Chinese. The team is based in Kangqiao, Shanghai and their home stadium is the Hongkou Football Stadium, which has a seating capacity of 33,060. Their current majority shareholder is Chinese developer the Greenland Group who officially took over the operation of the club when they bought the 28.5% share from previous majority shareholder Zhu Jun on 31 January 2014.[1]

The club's predecessor was called Shanghai F.C. and they predominantly played in the top tier, where they won several domestic league and cup titles. On 10 December 1993 the club was reorganised to become a completely professional football club so they could play in the 1994 Chinese Jia-A League season making them one of the founding members of the first fully professional top tier league in China. Since then, they have won the 1995 league title and 1998 Chinese FA Cup.[2]

According to Forbes, Shenhua are the 6th most valuable football team in China, with a team value of $106 million, and an estimated revenue of $29 million in 2015.[3]

History

Early club

Shanghai Shenhua's predecessor was originally called East China, a team name used as far back as 1910 for the football in the multi-sport event Chinese National Games.[4] The local Shanghai government sports body decided to use this name for their new club founded on 1 November 1951 to take part in China's first fully nationalized national football league tournament where they finished second in the league that year.[5] The football league gradually expanded and the team were allowed to name themselves after their own province of Shanghai in 1957. Soon afterwards by 1961, Shanghai started to establish themselves as a major football team within China when they won their first league title.[6] This was then quickly followed by their second league title in 1962, however in 1966 because of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, football in China was halted and Shanghai were unable to play. When football returned in China, Shanghai were able to return to the top tier, however they were unable to regain any of the dominance that they had previously shown and were even relegated in 1980.[7] Though they were able to be quickly promoted in the following season, they spent many years without actually winning any titles until Wang Houjun lead them to win the Chinese FA Cup in 1991, which was their first trophy in 29 years.[8]

Professionalism

Throughout the 1990s, the Chinese Football Association were demanding more professionalism from their football teams and while many were semi-professional, Shanghai would be one of the first when they gathered sponsorship from Yu Zhifei and the local company named Shenhua on 10 December 1993, founding Shanghai Shenhua.[8] This then saw Shanghai hire their first professional manager in Xu Genbao, who was the previous China national team manager in 1994. The move would quickly see Shanghai win the second professional football league title by the end of the 1995 league season.[9] When he left, Shanghai attempted to bring in several foreign coaches to add more experience to the team, however few achieved any success despite being close on several occasions, except for Muricy Ramalho's brief spell when the club won the 1998 Chinese FA Cup. By the end of 2001, the Shenhua group ended their sponsorship of the club and were replaced with SVA and the Shanghai Media & Entertainment Group. The club changed its name to Shanghai Shenhua SVA SMEG Football Club. The team however remained unique as it still retains "Shenhua" in its name, whereas many other teams drop the name of their former sponsors completely. On the pitch, the club would take over Shanghai Cable 02, a youth football team set up by Xu Genbao while also bringing in a new manager in Wu Jingui, who built a new squad predominantly using many from the Shanghai Cable squad and despite struggling in his debut season, he was able to win the league title in 2003.[10] Critics would dispute the legitimacy of the title win after it was discovered in 2011 that the referee Lu Jun was bribed by the head of the CFA's referee arrangements, Zhang Jianqiang, to be biased towards Shenhua in a vital match against Shanghai International in a game that Shenhua won 4–1.[11] Lu Jun and Zhang Jianqiang were both officially charged with match-fixing, and it was also discovered that the Shenhua's general manager Lou Shifang also paid Zhang Jianqiang the same amount as Lu Jun. Despite this indiscretion, however, the club was spared any disciplinary action.[12] The reason provided by the CFA for the leniency was that they would be punishing the individuals who put the game in disrepute and not the club; because Lou Shifang was Shenhua's offending participant and had left the club several years before the allegations were confirmed, it would have been harsh to punish the club retrospectively.[13] On 18 February 2013 The CFA would decide to change its mind on Shenhua and retrospectively decided to punish the club by revoking its 2003 league title, fining the club with 1 million Yuan and giving a 6-point deduction at the beginning of the 2013 Chinese Super League season after it was discovered that they also fixed another game against Shaanxi Guoli en route to winning the 2003 league title.[14][15]

Zhu Jun era

In 2007, the owner of inner-city rival of Shanghai United, Zhu Jun and his company The9 Limited bought a majority share of Shanghai Shenhua and began to merge Shanghai United into Shanghai Shenhua. His first act was to replace the previously successful existing head coach Wu Jingui with Shanghai United's Osvaldo Giménez.[16] The appointment was to prove highly disruptive and Wu Jingui was quickly brought back as the head coach after only a few months, but was sacked on 9 September 2008. Jia Xiuquan took over his position on the same day.[17] This was followed by the club adding to their backroom staff when on 1 January 2009 Shenhua made Chinese football history by becoming the first Chinese team to hire a foreign CEO and a technical director when on 1 January 2009, the club hired former manager Osvaldo Gimenez as their chief executive officer.[18] One day later, former PSV Eindhoven technical director Stan Valckx joined Shenhua in the same position.[19]

After a disappointing 2011 season in the Chinese Super League, Zhu Jun decided to bring in a marquee player, so on 12 December 2011 it was confirmed that Chelsea striker Nicolas Anelka will be arriving in Shanghai in January 2012, while six days later it was announced that his compatriot Jean Tigana would be the head coach from the 2012 season. Tigana was fired after a poor string of results and was replaced by former Argentina national team coach Sergio Batista to lead the team. After a successful season playing for Chelsea and winning the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League, Ivorian striker Didier Drogba signed a two-and-a-half-year deal with Shenhua.[20] This was soon followed by the signing of Colombian international footballer Giovanni Moreno from Argentinian club Racing Club. These signings were intended to boost the clubs title challenge and see Zhu Jun's investment within the club reach 150 million Yuan, which he believed gave him a controlling stake of 70 per cent as promised by the other share-holders. When the other share-holders decided not to agree upon this arrangement Zhu Jun decided to pull his funding of the club, which resulted in the team finishing in a disappointing ninth and both Anelka and Drogba leaving the club.[21] The relationship between Zhu Jun and the other share-holders became even more fractious at the beginning of the 2013 league season when the Chinese FA issued the club with a six-point deduction for match-fixing ten years prior and a fine of one million Yuan. This would lead to a share-holder dispute between the other shareholders SVA, Shanghai Media Group, Shanghai Electric Group and Huangpu SASAC on who should pay for this fine, which saw a gap in the club finances that saw Rolando Schiavi, Patricio Toranzo and Giovanni Moreno refuse to play the 31 March 2013 league game against Liaoning Whowin because of unpaid wages.[22]

Greenland

The Zhu Jun era ended on 31 January 2014 when the club was purchased by Greenland Holding Group Company Limited.[1] On 6 February 2014, Greenland Holding Group Company Limited announced that the club's official name would be changed to "Shanghai Greenland FC, Shanghai Greenland Shenhua team" and it was hoped that by retaining Shenhua within the official team name it would appease the fans by reflecting on the club's heritage.[23][24] This did not work and when subsequent badge alterations, which eliminated Shenhua from the teams logo it drew significant criticism by many of the club's supporters who publicly voiced their dissatisfaction with this on 9 March 2014 during the league game against Shanghai Shenxin as they saw belittling Shenhua from the club's name as a besmirch on the teams heritage and history.[25] On 18 July 2014 the club bowed down to pressure from the club's supporters when they officially released a new team badge, which brought Shenhua back into the team logo and subsequently changed the club's name to "Shanghai Greenland Shenhua Football Club".[26]

On 3 February 2015, three days after the Australian national football team won the AFC Asian Cup, Tim Cahill announced he had been signed by the Shenhua, moving from the New York Red Bulls[27] Despite only signing a One Year Contract Extension in November 2015, Tim Cahill announced on his Instagram on the 16th of February 2016 that his contract had been terminated by incoming coach, Gregorio Manzano.[28] No reason was given for his termination beyond "...I'm not part of the new coach Manzano's plans for the 2016 season..."[29]

Rivalries

Shenhua's fiercest and oldest rivalry is against Beijing Guoan and is often referred to as the China Derby.[30] The rivalry with Beijing is viewed as a manifestation of the rivalry that exist between the cities on which is the most important towards the country, as one is the center of government while the other is the Financial centre of modern commerce within China.[31] With each club being able to claim to having an extensive history spanning successful periods, direct competition for silverware, however rarely coincided until the 1997 league season. With Shenhua having won the 1995 league title and Beijing having won the 1996 Chinese FA Cup both teams looked as if they had the pedigree to win silverware that season and on 20 July 1997 in a vital league game, Beijing thrashed Shenhua 9–1 at the Workers Stadium in Beijing.[32] It would be Beijing's largest victory and Shenhua's greatest defeat ever recorded. Soon after that event both teams would meet again in the 1997 FA Cup final, which saw Beijing win the cup.[33]

When professionalism was established in 1994 within the Chinese leagues it opened the door for more than one team within each city. This eventually paved the way for the first ever Chinese top-flight city derby, which took place in 2002 when Shanghai Shenhua lost 2–0 to Shanghai Zhongyuan (later renamed Inter) in front of a sold out Hongkou Football Stadium. Known as the Shanghai derby it would be the start of an intense but short rivalry between the two clubs, which reached its peak on the final day of the 2003 league season with both teams able to win the league title.[34] Shenhua won their game while Inter surprisingly lost theirs to relegation fighting club Tianjin Kangshifu. This saw critics dispute the title win and it was eventually discovered that both teams had players and officials match-fix games throughout the campaign.[15] Shenhua would retrospectively lose their title while the Inter owners decided it was financially unviable to remain in Shanghai and relocated their team to Xi'an, which effectively ended the rivalry.[35]

With Inter Shanghai leaving the city Shenhua experienced another one of these Shanghai derbies when Shanghai United were promoted in the 2006 league season. The rivalry between the two teams never reached the same intensity as what was experienced against Inter because United had only recently relocated to the city and were building their fan base.[34] Any development of a rivalry was ultimately cut short when Zhu Jun took over both teams and merged them together with Shenhua keeping their name. In 2012 Shanghai Shenxin moved to the city revitalizing the derby, however it was the promotion of Shanghai SIPG in 2013 that caught to fans imagination because they were formed by Xu Genbao who had previously managed Shenhua.[34] The club's geographical location has also opened them up to rivalries with neighbouring club's Hangzhou Greentown and Jiangsu Suning where they contest in a fixture called the Yangtze Delta Derby.[36]

Current squad

First team squad

As of 1 March 2016 [37]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
1 China GK Geng Xiaofeng
2 China DF Xiong Fei
3 China DF Li Jianbin
4 South Korea DF Kim Kee-hee
5 China MF Wang Shouting
6 China DF Li Wenbo
8 China MF Zhang Lu
9 Senegal FW Demba Ba
10 Colombia MF Giovanni Moreno (Captain)
11 China FW Lü Zheng
13 Colombia MF Fredy Guarín
16 China DF Li Yunqiu
17 Nigeria FW Obafemi Martins
18 China FW Gao Di
19 China DF Zheng Kaimu
20 China MF Wang Yun (Vice-captain)
22 China GK Qiu Shengjiong
No. Position Player
23 China DF Bai Jiajun
24 China MF Deng Zhuoxiang
25 China DF Wang Lin
26 China MF Qin Sheng
27 China GK Li Shuai
28 China MF Cao Yunding
30 China DF Tao Jin
32 China FW Xu Junmin
33 China DF Bi Jinhao
35 China FW Gao Shipeng
36 China MF Xu Jun
37 China DF Cao Chuanyu
38 China MF Chen Tao
China MF Sun Shilin
China FW Zhu Jianrong
China DF Li Peng
China FW Mao Jianqing

Reserve squad

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
41 China MF Cong Zhen
42 China DF Luo Xi
43 China MF Xiao Bang
44 China FW Yuan Yisheng
45 China MF Yan Ge
46 China DF Zhang Shu
47 China DF Cao Dong
48 China FW Xiao Yandong
49 China DF Shan Haiyang
50 China MF Yang Chengyun
51 China MF Zhan Yilin
52 China MF Zhang Jiangyi
53 China MF Xu Guanbin
54 China DF Su Qi
No. Position Player
55 China GK Shen Jun
56 China FW Lan Wensen
57 China MF Wang Fei
58 China MF Xiong Zhenfeng
59 China DF Xu wu
60 China GK Jiang Yutao
62 China FW Chen Xiaomao
63 China MF Liao Zhilüe
64 China DF Gong Jinshuai
65 China MF Yan Xinyu
66 China MF Chen Qiyuan
67 China MF Zhang Yuhao
68 China MF Cui Qi
69 China MF Zu Pengchao

On loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
China GK Bai Shuo (at Shanghai JuJu Sports)
Hong Kong DF Brian Fok (at AZAL PFK)
China DF Li Xiaoming (at Henan Jianye)
China DF Xu Yougang (at Qingdao Huanghai)
China DF Leng Shiao (at Qingdao Huanghai)
China DF Huang Bowen (at Wuhan Zall)
China DF Deng Biao (at Atlético Saguntino)
China MF Pan Weihao (at Qingdao Huanghai)
No. Position Player
China MF Li Lianxiang (at Shanghai JuJu Sports)
China MF Yang Haofeng (at Shanghai JuJu Sports)
China MF Lü Pin (at Atlético Saguntino)
China MF Liu Jiawei (at La Roda)
China FW Wu Changqi (at La Roda)
China FW Zhou Jiahao (at CD Eldense)
Brazil FW Paulo Henrique (at Estoril)

Coaching staff

Position Staff
Manager Uruguay Gustavo Poyet
Assistant coach Argentina Mauricio Taricco
Goalkeeping coach England Andy Beasley
Fitness coach Greece Panagiotis Voulgaris
Technical analyst England Charlie Oatway
Team leader China Mao Yijun
Physio Spain Toni Servera
Head Doctor Spain Juan José Jiménez
Director of youth academy China Fan Zhiyi[38]

Managerial history

Managers who have coached the club and team since Shanghai Shenhua became a professional club back in 1993.[39][40]

Shenhua FC

Shenhua SVA SMEG

Shenhua Liansheng

Greenland Shenhua

Honours

All-time honours list including semi-professional Shanghai period.[41][42]

Domestic

League titles
Winners (3): 1961, 1962, 1995, 2003[15]
Winners (3): 1956, 1991, 1998
Winners (3): 1995, 1998, 2001

International

Winners (1): 2007

Results

All-time League Rankings

Year Div Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Pos. FA Cup Super Cup League Cup AFC Other Att./G Stadium
1951 1 7 6 0 1 23 6 17 12 RU
1953 1 5 3 0 2 12 3 9 41 3
1954 1 4 1 2 1 8 6 2 4 3
1955 1 12 4 4 4 20 19 1 111 6
1956 1 6 4 1 1 14 6 8 111 RU W
1957 1 20 6 4 10 20 26 −6 36 8 NH Jiangwan Sports Center
1958 1 21 7 5 9 16 27 −11 40 7 NH
1960 1 12 7 1 4 18 12 6 52 3 R2
1961 1 13 8 4 1 35 9 26 132 W NH
1962 1 18 14 2 2 46 14 32 152 W NH
1963 1 8 6 1 1 21 5 16 13 11 NH
1964 1 22 16 3 3 42 15 27 35 RU NH
1965 1 11 5 1 5 14 14 0 11 NH
1973 1 24 14 3 7 40 33 7 192 RU NH
1976 1 8 5 3 0 14 2 12 13 21 NH
1977 1 17 6 6 5 25 17 8 32 12 NH
1978 1 30 9 11 10 35 34 1 29 10 NH
1979 1 30 10 9 11 29 30 −1 29 9 NH
1980 1 29 7 12 10 23 21 2 26 13 NH
1981 2 30 23   7 46 RU NH
1982 1 30 19   11 41 21 20 38 4 NH
1983 1 14 8   6 24 18 6 16 33 NH
1984 1 30 18   12 35 26 9 36 4 3
1985 1 15 8   7 10 17 6 3 DNQ
1986 1 14 8 3 3 14 5 9 19 5 Group DNQ
1987 1 14 6 2 6 20 17 3 20 3 NH DNQ
1988 1 25 12 4 9 45 29 16 43 6 NH DNQ
1989 1 14 7 2 5 17 13 4 25 3 NH DNQ
1990 1 14 6 4 4 15 16 −1 26 4 Group DNQ
1991 1 14 6 4 4 21 20 1 16 RU W DNQ
1992 1 14 6 2 6 18 15 3 14 5 R1 DNQ
1993 1 12 2 3/1 5 22 10 12 10 7 NH DNQ Dongguan Stadium
1994 1 22 10 6 6 36 36 0 26 3 NH DNQ 20,909 Hongkou Football Stadium
1995 1 22 14 4 4 39 16 23 46 W RU W DNE 27,909
1996 1 22 10 9 3 38 18 20 39 RU QF DNQ R2 26,727
1997 1 22 11 7 4 36 22 14 40 RU RU DNQ DNQ 19,636
1998 1 26 11 12 3 43 23 20 45 RU W W DNQ FECC 4 39,713 Shanghai Stadium
1999 1 26 9 11 6 26 25 1 38 5 SF DNQ DNQ CWC R2 17,462 Hongkou Football Stadium
2000 1 26 14 8 4 37 24 13 50 RU R2 DNQ DNQ 18,462
2001 1 26 15 3 8 39 28 11 48 RU R1 W DNQ 18,000
2002 1 28 9 5 14 37 41 −4 32 12 R2 DNQ Group 12,464
2003 1 28 17 4 7 56 33 23 55 W4 QF RU DNQ 22,214
2004 1 22 4 10 8 28 37 −9 22 10 SF NH SF Group A3CC 3 13,636
2005 1 26 15 8 3 41 23 18 53 RU QF NH SF DNQ 12,462
2006 1 28 14 10 4 37 19 18 52 RU QF NH NH QF 12,786
2007 1 28 12 10 6 35 29 6 46 4 NH NH NH Group A3CCW 11,393 Yuanshen Sports Centre Stadium
2008 1 30 17 10 3 58 29 29 61 RU NH NH NH DNQ 11,510 Hongkou Football Stadium
2009 1 30 12 9 9 39 29 10 45 5 NH NH NH Group 12,627
2010 1 30 14 6 10 44 41 3 48 3 NH NH NH DNQ 12,963
2011 1 30 11 4 15 31 41 −10 37 11 SF NH NH Group 9,828
2012 1 30 8 14 8 39 34 5 38 9 R4 DNQ NH DNQ 14,761
2013 1 30 11 11 8 36 36 0 385 8 R3 DNQ NH DNQ 12,739
2014 1 30 8 11 11 33 45 -12 35 9 SF DNQ NH DNQ 15,417
2015 1 30 12 6 12 42 44 −2 42 6 RU DNQ NH DNQ 19,506
2016 1 30 12 12 6 46 31 15 48 4 SF DNQ NH DNQ 22,690

Key

  China top division
  China second division
  China third division
W   Winners
RU   Runners-up
3   Third place
  Relegated

  • Pld = Played
  • W = Games won
  • D = Games drawn
  • L = Games lost
  • F = Goals for
  • A = Goals against
  • Pts = Points
  • Pos = Final position

  • DNQ = Did Not Qualify
  • DNE = Did Not Enter
  • NH = Not Held
  • - = Does Not Exist
  • R1 = Round 1
  • R2 = Round 2
  • R3 = Round 3
  • R4 = Round 4

  • F = Final
  • SF = Semi-finals
  • QF = Quarter-finals
  • R16 = Round of 16
  • Group = Group stage
  • GS2 = Second Group stage
  • QR1 = First Qualifying Round
  • QR2 = Second Qualifying Round
  • QR3 = Third Qualifying Round

Opponent Season Home Away
Australia Sydney FC 2007 AFC Champions League Group Stage 1–2 0–0
2011 AFC Champions League Group Stage 2–3 1–1
Indonesia Petrokimia Putra 2002-03 AFC Champions League Round 2 5–1 1–3
Indonesia Persik Kediri 2007 AFC Champions League Group Stage 6–0 0–1
Japan Kashima Antlers 2002-03 AFC Champions League Group Stage 4–3
2009 AFC Champions League Group Stage 1–1 0–2
2011 AFC Champions League Group Stage 0–0 0–2
Japan Júbilo Iwata 2004 AFC Champions League Group Stage 3–2 1–2
Japan Urawa Red Diamonds 2007 AFC Champions League Group Stage 0–0 0–1
South Korea Daejeon Citizen FC 2002-03 AFC Champions League Group Stage 1–2
South Korea Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors FC 2004 AFC Champions League Group Stage 0–1 1–0
2006 AFC Champions League Quarter-finals 1–0 2–4
South Korea Suwon Samsung Bluewings 2009 AFC Champions League Group Stage 2–1 1–2
2011 AFC Champions League Group Stage 0–3 0–4
Singapore Geylang International FC 2002-03 AFC Champions League Play-off Round 3–0 2–1
Singapore Singapore Armed Forces Football Club 2009 AFC Champions League Group Stage 4–1 1–1
Thailand BEC Tero Sasana F.C. 2002-03 AFC Champions League Group Stage   1–2
2004 AFC Champions League Group Stage 1–0 1–4
Vietnam Đồng Tâm Long An F.C. 2006 AFC Champions League Group Stage 3–1 4–2

Professional club records

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