Sennar

For other uses, see Sennar (disambiguation).
Sennar
Sennar

Location in Sudan

Coordinates: 13°33′N 33°35′E / 13.550°N 33.583°E / 13.550; 33.583Coordinates: 13°33′N 33°35′E / 13.550°N 33.583°E / 13.550; 33.583
Country Sudan
State Blue Nile State
Population (2007)
  Total 143,059

Sennar (Arabic: سنار Sannār) is a town on the Blue Nile in Sudan and capital of the state of Sennar. For several centuries it was the capital of the Funj Kingdom of Sennar.

Overview

Sennar had an estimated population of 100,000 inhabitants in the early 19th century.[1] The modern town lies SSE of the ruins of the ancient capital of the Funj Kingdom, 300 kilometres (186 miles) southeast of Khartoum, the Capital of Sudan. It is located close to Sennar Dam, which spurred agricultural activity when it was completed in 1925 for crop irrigation. The Dam was designed by Sir Murdoch MacDonald and built by British contractor, S Pearson & Sons Ltd.

Today there are two towns bearing the name Sennar. Sennar Al-Taqatu' (i.e. Sennar Junction), the older one, represents an actual continuation to the ancient Sennar, both in time and geographical location. The junction element came from the fact that the major Sudanese railways intersect there, the area being in the heart of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan at the end of eighteenth century. The other is Sennar Al-Madeena (i.e. Sennar City), 5 km ESE of the Junction, located beside the Sennar Dam on the western bank of the Blue Nile. It was built over the ruins of a small village called Mok-waar which was notable in the former cultures of the tribes of African origins who lived there before the arrival of Arab tribes to the Sudan.

The city is home to Sinnar University, established in 1977.[2]

Climate

Climate data for Sennar (1961–1990, extremes 1907–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 44.0
(111.2)
45.9
(114.6)
45.4
(113.7)
47.0
(116.6)
46.4
(115.5)
46.5
(115.7)
42.7
(108.9)
41.5
(106.7)
41.3
(106.3)
42.0
(107.6)
41.5
(106.7)
40.3
(104.5)
47.0
(116.6)
Average high °C (°F) 33.5
(92.3)
35.5
(95.9)
38.9
(102)
41.3
(106.3)
41.1
(106)
38.7
(101.7)
35.2
(95.4)
33.9
(93)
35.3
(95.5)
37.5
(99.5)
36.4
(97.5)
34.1
(93.4)
36.8
(98.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 23.7
(74.7)
25.5
(77.9)
28.9
(84)
31.3
(88.3)
32.8
(91)
31.5
(88.7)
28.9
(84)
28.0
(82.4)
28.6
(83.5)
29.9
(85.8)
27.5
(81.5)
28.6
(83.5)
28.8
(83.8)
Average low °C (°F) 14.0
(57.2)
15.4
(59.7)
19.0
(66.2)
21.4
(70.5)
21.5
(70.7)
24.2
(75.6)
22.7
(72.9)
22.1
(71.8)
21.9
(71.4)
22.2
(72)
18.6
(65.5)
15.2
(59.4)
19.9
(67.8)
Record low °C (°F) 5.4
(41.7)
5.7
(42.3)
8.7
(47.7)
10.0
(50)
15.0
(59)
16.7
(62.1)
17.0
(62.6)
17.6
(63.7)
17.0
(62.6)
14.7
(58.5)
8.0
(46.4)
4.7
(40.5)
4.7
(40.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.0
(0)
0.0
(0)
0.0
(0)
0.0
(0)
20.5
(0.807)
66.1
(2.602)
99.2
(3.906)
135.9
(5.35)
84.5
(3.327)
13.7
(0.539)
0.2
(0.008)
0.0
(0)
410.1
(16.146)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.2 5.7 9.0 9.6 6.3 2.6 0.0 0.0 36.4
Average relative humidity (%) 34 28 23 21 30 44 58 64 60 48 34 36 40
Mean monthly sunshine hours 319.3 285.6 306.9 303.0 294.5 249.0 217.0 226.3 249.0 285.2 309.0 313.1 3,357.9
Percent possible sunshine 91 87 82 81 76 66 54 59 69 78 91 90 77
Source #1: NOAA[3]
Source #2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[4]


Demographics

Year Population
1973 (Census) 28,546
1983 (Census) 42,803
1993 (Census) 72,187
2007 (Estimate) 143,059

See also

References

  1. Walker, John (1810). "Sennar". The Universal Gazetteer. revised and improved by Arthur Kershaw (5th ed.). London: J. Johnson. OCLC 33422506.
  2. "Sinar University". African Studies Center. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  3. "Sennar Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  4. "Station Sennar" (in French). Meteo Climat. Retrieved 22 October 2016.

Media related to Sennar at Wikimedia Commons


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 10/22/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.