Sailing at the Summer Olympics

Sailing at the Summer Olympics
Governing body ISAF
Events 10 (men: 5; women: 4; mixed: 1)
Games

Sailing (also known as yachting until 2000) has been one of the Olympic sports since the Games of the I Olympiad, held in Athens, Greece, in 1896. Despite being scheduled in the first Olympic program, the races were canceled due to severe weather conditions. Apart from the 1904 Summer Olympics, sailing has been present in every edition of the Olympic Games.

Timeline

German team at the 1896 Summer Olympics

Olympic classes (equipment)

Over the years the classes used in the Olympic Sailing Program were replaced from time to time. This table shows this development:

Olympic discipline 96[2] 00[3] 04[4] 08 12 16[5] 20 24 28 32 36 40[6] 44[7] 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 Sailed Events
Boats of the Royal Navy 0
½ ton 1
½–1 ton 1
1–2 ton 1
2–3 ton 1
3–10 ton 1
10–20 ton 1
Open class 1
6 Metre 1907 11
1919
1933
7 Metre 1907 2
8 Metre 1907 8
1919
1933
12 Metre 1907 4
1919
15 Metre 1907 0
10 Metre 1907 3
1919
9 Metre 1907 0
12 foot dinghy 2
18 foot dinghy 1
6,5 Metre 1
8.5 Metre 0
30m2 class 1
40m2 class 1
French National Monotype 1924 1
Snowbird 1
Star 19
O-Jolle 1
Dragon 7
Swallow 1
Firefly 1
Finn 17
5,5 Metre 5
Sharpie 12m2 1
Flying Dutchman 9
Soling 8
c
Tempest 2
Tornado 9
470 17
Windglider 1
Division II 1
Lechner 2
Europe 4
Mistral 6
Laser 6
49er 5
Yngling 2
RS:X 6
Laser Radial 3
Elliott 6m m 1
49erFX 1
Nacra 17 1
47total17054 1633443 5555556667810101111111010 181

Olympic sailing venues

Pictures will be replaced by more relevant photos.

Games Year Host City Sailing venue Opening Closing View Classes
I 1896   (GRE) Athens Piraeus 1-APR 1-APR Cancelled
II 1900   (FRA) Paris Meulan 20-MAY 27-MAY All, except ...
Le Havre 1-AUG 5-AUG 10–20 ton
III 1904   (USA) St. Louis Not programmed
IV 1908   (GBR) London Ryde 27-JUL 29-JUL 6 Metre
7 Metre
8 Metre
Hunter's Quay 11-AUG 12-AUG 12 Metre
V 1912   (SWE) Stockholm Nynäshamn 19-JUL 22-JUL All
VI 1916   (GER) Berlin Probably not programmed
VII 1920   (BEL) Antwerp Ostend 7-JUL 10-JUL All, except...
The Netherlands SEP SEP Finals 12 foot dinghy
VIII 1924   (FRA) Paris Meulan 10-JUL 13-JUL French National Monotype 1924
Le Havre 21-JUL 26-JUL 6 Metre
8 Metre
IX 1928   (NED) Amsterdam Durgerdam 2-AUG 9-AUG All
X 1932   (USA) Los Angeles Port of Los Angeles 5-AUG[8] 12-AUG All
XI 1936   (GER) Berlin Kiel 4-AUG 16-AUG All
XII 1940   (JPN) Tokyo Yokohama harbour 21-SEP 6-OCT All
Cancelled
  (FIN) Helsinki Program not made Cancelled
XIII 1944 Olympics suspended
XIV 1948   (GBR) London Torquay 4-AUG 12-AUG All
XV 1952   (FIN) Helsinki Harmaja 20-JUL 28-JUL All
XVI 1956   (AUS) Melbourne Port Phillip Bay 26-NOV 5-DEC All
XVII 1960   (ITA) Rome Naples 29-AUG 7-SEP All
XVIII 1964   (JPN) Tokyo Enoshima 12-OCT 23-OCT All
XIX 1968   (MEX) Mexico City Acapulco 13-OCT 25-OCT All
XX 1972   (FRG) Munich Kiel 29-AUG 8-SEP All
XXI 1976   (CAN) Montreal Kingston, Ontario 18-JUL 31-JUL All
XXII 1980   (URS) Moscow Tallinn, Estonian SSR 21-JUL 29-JUL All
XXIII 1984   (USA) Los Angeles Long Beach, California 31-JUL 8-AUG All
XXIV 1988   (KOR) Seoul Busan 20-SEP 27-SEP All
XXV 1992   (ESP) Barcelona Barcelona 27-JUL 4-AUG All
XXVI 1996   (USA) Atlanta Savannah, Georgia 22-JUL 2-AUG All
XXVII 2000   (AUS) Sydney Sydney 17-SEP 30-SEP All
XXVIII 2004   (GRE) Athens Athens 14-AUG 28-AUG All
XXIX 2008   (CHN) Beijing Qingdao 9-AUG 21-AUG All
XXX 2012   (GBR) London Weymouth and Portland 28-JUL 11-AUG All
XXXI 2016   (BRA) Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 8-AUG 18-AUG All

Medal table

This list includes Olympic medals in years up to and including 2016.[9]

Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1  Great Britain (GBR) 28 20 11 59
2  United States (USA) 19 23 18 60
3  Norway (NOR) 17 11 3 31
4  Spain (ESP) 13 5 1 19
5  France (FRA) 12 9 14 35
6  Denmark (DEN) 12 9 9 30
7  Australia (AUS) 11 8 8 27
8  Sweden (SWE) 10 12 13 35
9  New Zealand (NZL) 9 7 6 22
10  Netherlands (NED) 7 8 7 22
11  Brazil (BRA) 7 3 8 18
12  Soviet Union (URS) 4 5 3 12
13  Germany (GER) 3 4 4 11
14  Austria (AUT) 3 4 1 8
15  Italy (ITA) 3 3 8 14
16  Greece (GRE) 3 2 3 8
17  Belgium (BEL) 2 4 3 9
18  China (CHN) 2 3 1 6
19  Finland (FIN) 2 2 7 11
20  West Germany (FRG) 2 2 3 7
21  East Germany (GDR) 2 2 2 6
22  Mixed team (ZZX) 2 0 0 2
23  Argentina (ARG) 1 4 5 10
24  Ukraine (UKR) 1 2 2 5
25  Switzerland (SUI) 1 1 1 3
 United Team of Germany (EUA) 1 1 1 3
27  Croatia (CRO) 1 1 0 2
28  Poland (POL) 1 0 3 4
29  Israel (ISR) 1 0 2 3
30  Bahamas (BAH) 1 0 1 2
31  Hong Kong (HKG) 1 0 0 1
32  Canada (CAN) 0 3 6 9
33  Portugal (POR) 0 2 2 4
34  Slovenia (SLO) 0 2 1 3
35  Ireland (IRL) 0 2 0 2
36  Russia (RUS) 0 1 2 3
37  Japan (JPN) 0 1 1 2
38  Cuba (CUB) 0 1 0 1
 Cyprus (CYP) 0 1 0 1
 Czech Republic (CZE) 0 1 0 1
 Lithuania (LTU) 0 1 0 1
 Netherlands Antilles (AHO) 0 1 0 1
 Virgin Islands (ISV) 0 1 0 1
44  Estonia (EST) 0 0 2 2
45  Hungary (HUN) 0 0 1 1
Total 181 171 165 517

Statistics

This table is based upon the names of the sailors who are documented in the Official Olympic Reports.

Nation 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 Years
 Netherlands Antilles (AHO)   12216
 Algeria (ALG)   33
 Andorra (AND)   2327
 Angola (ANG)   314
 Antigua and Barbuda (ANT)   1171313
 Argentina (ARG)   56111814696894511710111310813184
 Aruba (ARU)   3115
 American Samoa (ASA)   22
 Australia (AUS)   361113891312131313161418171311203
 Austria (AUT)   2115317331295108116351186120
 Bahamas (BAH)   731166513253153
 Barbados (BAR)   22442115
 Belgium (BEL)   3148731241313731734433498
 Bermuda (BER)   3944763234322254
 Burma (BIR)   3328
 Belarus (BLR)   164142119
 Botswana (BOT)   112
 Brazil (BRA)   1763555108121151414121412915168
 Bahrain (BRN)   11415
 Bulgaria (BUL)   5131212
 British West Indies (BWI)   22
 Cambodia (CAM)   33
 Canada (CAN)   1131511811111110101315161691114119206
 Cayman Islands (CAY)   22371116
 Ceylon (CEY)   11
 Chile (CHI)   153111131026
 China (CHN)   452544189960
 Colombia (COL)   21216
 Cook Islands (COK)   11125
 Croatia (CRO)   334410121046
 Cuba (CUB)   3232252221
 Cyprus (CYP)   32232342223
 Czech Republic (CZE)   22444319
 Denmark (DEN)   36671374991111898141611121461311208
 Djibouti (DJI)   1124
 Dominican Republic (DOM)   1214
 Ecuador (ECU)   112
 Egypt (EGY)   112
 El Salvador (ESA)   314
 Spain (ESP)   37131111848781515161718161412185
 Estonia (EST)   613444125737
 United Team of Germany (EUA)   111122
 Unified Team (EUN)   1414
 Fiji (FIJ)   14546222
 Finland (FIN)   2811121214395378755889491110179
 France (FRA)  66 333913314169811391110111317131218181615324
 West Germany (FRG)   111391315162
 Great Britain (GBR)  8 4165721413141211951312131516161618181615315
 East Germany (GDR)   1111612949
 Georgia (GEO)   325
 Germany (GER)  5 6114149315151717121212152
 Greece (GRE)   432846664771114111812116140
 Guatemala (GUA)   211211210
 Guam (GUM)   22318
 Hong Kong (HKG)   424214472222440
 Hungary (HUN)   6151751538126733578
 [[<span class="wrap">Independent Olympic Participants</span> at the Olympics|Independent Olympic Participants]] (IOP)   11
 India (IND)   23222112
 Indonesia (INA)   332113114
 Ireland (IRL)   51164862155104968687
 Iceland (ISL)   226818
 Israel (ISR)   4254557777659
 Virgin Islands (ISV)   38696522112146
 Italy (ITA)   312114151412111088126111511161818181113257
 British Virgin Islands (IVB)   513110
 Jamaica (JAM)   353222219
 Japan (JPN)   316112561371010109911113
 Kenya (KEN)   314
 Kyrgyzstan (KGZ)   1113
 South Korea (KOR)   17355444437
 Latvia (LAT)   112241112
 Saint Lucia (LCA)   11
 Lebanon (LIB)   33
 Lithuania (LTU)   21113210
 Luxembourg (LUX)   112
 Morocco (MAR)   11
 Malaysia (MAS)   111126
 Mexico (MEX)   211116364322333362
 Malta (MLT)   311221111
 Montenegro (MNE)   112
 Monaco (MON)   112332113
 Mauritius (MRI)   11
 Netherlands (NED)  3 82162812966659128121412914121111207
 Norway (NOR)   518599101413126991113677131698968277
 New Zealand (NZL)   5333981113178181291512146
 Oman (OMA)   11
 Pakistan (PAK)   62210
 Paraguay (PAR)   112
 Peru (PER)   131128
 Philippines (PHI)   33133124121
 Papua New Guinea (PNG)   112
 Poland (POL)   126311112246991111795
 Portugal (POR)   1439951168623389968134127
 Puerto Rico (PUR)   165963432140
 Qatar (QAT)   112
 Rhodesia (RHO)   235
 Republic of China (ROC)   11
 Romania (ROM)   527
 South Africa (RSA)   11214631142132344
 Russia (RUS)   171212131010781
 Saint Lucia (LCA)   112
 Senegal (SEN)   11
 Seychelles (SEY)   12311513
 Singapore (SIN)   5312243162837
 Slovenia (SLO)   355364531
 San Marino (SMR)   1113
 Sri Lanka (SRI)   213
 Switzerland (SUI)  3 1261311117910689910588967158
 Slovakia (SVK)   2414112
 Sweden (SWE)   13411211571415147119813121013151515171011149321
 Czechoslovakia (TCH)   1211133113
 Thailand (THA)   22443211213123637
 Chinese Taipei (TPE)   2311119
 Trinidad and Tobago (TRI)   22116
 Trinidad and Tobago (TTO)   11
 Tunisia (TUN)   11125
 Turkey (TUR)   31322254565644
 United Arab Emirates (UAE)   11
 Ukraine (UKR)   12111064346
 Soviet Union (URS)   141111111113121215110
 Uruguay (URU)   141311235321212445
 United States (USA)   11211416161310111113131517161818181615282
 Venezuela (VEN)   2342111132222
 Yugoslavia (YUG)   1332313117
 Zimbabwe (ZIM)   133119
 Mixed team (ZZX)  3 3
Sailors 88 65 110 102 72 134 54 169 216 227 153 287 223 247 315 250 153 295 368 439 457 398 396 406 388 386 6398
Male 87 63 110 101 71 131 54 167 216 224 153 287 223 247 315 250 153 294 327 358 357 306 261 237 260 5252
Female 1 2 0 1 1 3 0 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 41 81 100 92 135 151 126 740
First Olympic 88 65 101 98 64 119 50 150 190 169 1094
Continents 2 1 1 1 4 4 3 4 5 6 6
Countries 6 5 6 6 19 23 11 26 23 29 29 47 43 41 44 41 24 62 61 73 78 68 57 68
New countries 6 3 3 0 10 5 0 6 3 2 6 3
Classes 7 4 4 14 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 8 10 10 10 11 11 10 10
First use 7 5 1 7 1 0 2 1 3 2 1
Boats 70 13 24 24 31 41 23 59 75 93 71 138 109 123 151 127 83 170 213 268 311 271 263 277 3028
Average class size 10 3.3 6 1.7 10.3 13.7 5.8 14.8 15 18.6 14.2 27.6 21.8 24.6 25.2 21.2 13.8 24.3 26.6 26.8 31.1 27.1 23.9 27.7
Average team size 1.3 5 4.6 4.3 2.3 3.3 2.3 2.9 2.9 2.4 2.2 6.1 5.2 6.0 7.2 6.1 6.375 4.8 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.9 5.7
Year 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 94 98 02 06 10 14 24

Sailing medal leaders (by Summer Olympiad)

Games of Leader Gold Silver Bronze Total
 France, 1900 Paris  Great Britain (GBR) 3 0 1 4
 United Kingdom, 1908 London  Great Britain (GBR) 4 1 1 6
 Sweden, 1912 Stockholm  Norway (NOR) 2 0 0 2
 Belgium, 1920 Antwerp  Norway (NOR) 7 3 1 11
 France, 1924 Paris  Norway (NOR) 2 1 0 3
 Netherlands, 1928 Amsterdam  Norway (NOR) 1 1 0 2
 United States, 1932 Los Angeles  United States (USA) 2 1 0 3
 Germany, 1936 Berlin  Germany (GER) 1 1 1 3
 United Kingdom, 1948 London  United States (USA) 2 1 1 4
 Finland, 1952 Helsinki  United States (USA) 2 1 0 3
 Australia, 1956 Melbourne  Sweden (SWE) 2 0 0 2
 Italy, 1960 Rome  Denmark (DEN) 1 2 0 3
 Japan, 1964 Tokyo  United Team of Germany (EUA) 1 1 0 2
 Mexico, 1968 Mexico City  United States (USA) 2 0 0 2
 West Germany, 1972 Munich  Australia (AUS) 2 0 0 2
 Canada, 1976 Montreal  West Germany (FRG) 2 0 1 3
 Soviet Union, 1980 Moscow  Brazil (BRA) 2 0 0 2
 United States, 1984 Los Angeles  United States (USA) 3 4 0 7
 South Korea, 1988 Seoul  France (FRA) 2 0 0 2
 Spain, 1992 Barcelona  Spain (ESP) 4 1 0 5
 United States, 1996 Atlanta  Brazil (BRA) 2 0 1 3
 Australia, 2000 Sydney  Great Britain (GBR) 3 2 0 5
 Greece, 2004 Athens  Great Britain (GBR) 2 1 2 5
 China, 2008 Beijing  Great Britain (GBR) 4 1 1 6
 United Kingdom, 2012 London  Australia (AUS) 3 1 0 4
 Brazil, 2016 Rio de Janeiro  Great Britain (GBR) 2 1 0 3

Multiple medalists

Brazilians Torben Grael and Robert Scheidt and Briton Ben Ainslie are the only Olympic sailors with five Olympic medals. The most successful sailor is Ainslie with four gold medals and one silver, one of only four athletes to win four consecutive gold medals in individual events.

Position Sailor Country Period Gold Silver Bronze Total Classes
1 Ben Ainslie  Great Britain (GBR) 1996–2012 4 1 0 5 Laser/Finn
2 Paul Elvstrøm  Denmark (DEN) 1948–1960 4 0 0 4 Firefly/Finn
3 Jochen Schümann  Germany (GER) 1976–2000 3 1 0 4 Finn/Soling
Valentin Mankin  Soviet Union (URS) 1968–1980 3 1 0 4 Finn/Tempest/Star
5 Robert Scheidt  Brazil (BRA) 1996–2012 2 2 1 5 Laser/Star
6 Torben Grael  Brazil (BRA) 1984–2004 2 1 2 5 Soling/Star
7 Magnus Konow  Norway (NOR) 1912–1936 2 1 0 3 12 Metre/8 Metre/6 Metre
Rodney Pattisson  Great Britain (GBR) 1968–1976 2 1 0 3 Flying Dutchman
Mark Reynolds  United States (USA) 1988–2000 2 1 0 3 Star
Iain Percy  Great Britain (GBR) 2000–2012 2 1 0 3 Finn/Star
11 Tore Holm  Sweden (SWE) 1920–1948 2 0 2 4 40m2 class/8 Metre/6 Metre
Four or more medals
Alessandra Sensini  Italy (ITA) 1996–2008 1 1 2 4 Mistral/RS:X
Carlos Espínola  Argentina (ARG) 1996–2008 0 2 2 4 Mistral/Tornado

See also

Notes

  1. http://www.sailing.org/olympics/london2012/about/history/
  2. It is unclear in what classes the races were scheduled.
  3. In 1900 two races were held in the ½-ton, 1–2 Ton and 2–3 Ton classes. After each race, trophies were handed out, in addition to the ultimate winners receiving their Olympic medals.
  4. Sailing was not included in the 1904 Olympic program.
  5. It is not known in what classes the races were scheduled.
  6. Program Tokio announced.
  7. No program created.
  8. This is the first time all Olympic events took place in one periode.
  9. http://www.sailing.org/olympics/rio2016/olympic_medal_tally.php
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