Russell A. Brown

Russell A. Brown is an American physician and computer scientist. He is the inventor of the N-localizer[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] technology that enables guidance of stereotactic surgery or radiosurgery using medical images that are obtained via computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET).[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]

Brown earned MD and PhD degrees at the University of Utah. While a medical student and in the research laboratory of his mentor, James A. Nelson, he invented a device that guides stereotactic surgery or radiosurgery using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET).[16][17][18][19][20][21] This device has become known as the N-localizer.[22][23] It stimulated renewed interest in, and further development of, stereotactic surgery and radiosurgery and has achieved widespread clinical use in the Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW),[24] Leksell,[25] Kelly-Goerss[26] and Cosman-Roberts-Wells (CRW)[27] stereotactic instruments and in the Gamma Knife[28] stereotactic radiosurgery system.

In addition to his work with stereotactic surgery and the N-localizer, Brown has contributed to medical imaging,[29] nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,[30][31][32][33] computational chemistry,[34] structural biology[35] and computer science.[36][37][38]

References

  1. Galloway, RL Jr. (2015). "Introduction and Historical Perspectives on Image-Guided Surgery". In Golby, AJ. Image-Guided Neurosurgery. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 3–4.
  2. Tse, VCK; Kalani, MYS; Adler, JR (2015). "Techniques of Stereotactic Localization". In Chin, LS; Regine, WF. Principles and Practice of Stereotactic Radiosurgery. New York: Springer. p. 28.
  3. Saleh, H; Kassas, B (2015). "Developing Stereotactic Frames for Cranial Treatment". In Benedict, SH; Schlesinger, DJ; Goetsch, SJ; Kavanagh, BD. Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 156–159.
  4. Khan, FR; Henderson, JM (2013). "Deep Brain Stimulation Surgical Techniques". In Lozano, AM; Hallet, M. Brain Stimulation: Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 116. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 28–30.
  5. Arle, J (2009). "Development of a Classic: the Todd-Wells Apparatus, the BRW, and the CRW Stereotactic Frames". In Lozano, AM; Gildenberg, PL; Tasker, RR. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp. 456–461.
  6. Sharan, AD; Andrews, DW (2003). "Stereotactic Frames: Technical Considerations". In Schulder, M; Gandhi, CD. Handbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. New York: Marcel Dekker. pp. 16–17.
  7. Apuzzo, MLJ; Fredericks, CA (1988). "The Brown-Roberts-Wells System". In Lunsford, LD. Modern Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishing. pp. 63–77.
  8. Heilbrun MP, Roberts TS, Apuzzo ML, Wells TH, Sabshin JK (1983). "Preliminary experience with Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW) computerized tomography stereotaxic guidance system". Journal of Neurosurgery. 59 (2): 217–222. doi:10.3171/jns.1983.59.2.0217. PMID 6345727.
  9. Thomas DG, Anderson RE, du Boulay GH (1984). "CT-guided stereotactic neurosurgery: experience in 24 cases with a new stereotactic system". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 47 (1): 9–16. doi:10.1136/jnnp.47.1.9. PMC 1027634Freely accessible. PMID 6363629.
  10. Leksell L, Leksell D, Schwebel J (1985). "Stereotaxis and nuclear magnetic resonance". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 48 (1): 14–18. doi:10.1136/jnnp.48.1.14. PMC 1028176Freely accessible. PMID 3882889.
  11. Thomas DG, Davis CH, Ingram S, Olney JS, Bydder GM, Young IR (1986). "Stereotaxic biopsy of the brain under MR imaging control". AJNR American Journal of Neuroradiology. 7 (1): 161–163. PMID 3082131.
  12. Heilbrun MP, Sunderland PM, McDonald PR, Wells TH, Cosman E, Ganz E (1987). "Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frame modifications to accomplish magnetic resonance imaging guidance in three planes". Applied Neurophysiology. 50 (1-6): 143–152. doi:10.1159/000100700. PMID 3329837.
  13. Maciunas RJ, Kessler RM, Maurer C, Mandava V, Watt G, Smith G (1992). "Positron emission tomography imaging-directed stereotactic neurosurgery". Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. 58 (1-4): 134–140. doi:10.1159/000098986. PMID 1439330.
  14. Levivier M, Massager N, Wikler D, Lorenzoni J, Ruiz S, Devriendt D, David P, Desmedt F, Simon S, Van Houtte P, Brotchi J, Goldman S (2004). "Use of stereotactic PET images in dosimetry planning of radiosurgery for brain tumors: clinical experience and proposed classification". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 45 (7): 1146–1154. PMID 15235060.
  15. Perry, Janice (October 2, 1983). "New system may improve brain surgery". Times Daily. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
  16. Brown, Russell A. (1979). "A computerized tomography-computer graphics approach to stereotaxic localization". Journal of Neurosurgery. 50 (6): 715–20. doi:10.3171/jns.1979.50.6.0715. PMID 374688.
  17. Brown RA (1979). "A stereotactic head frame for use with CT body scanners". Invest Radiol. 14 (4): 300–4. doi:10.1097/00004424-197907000-00006. PMID 385549.
  18. Brown RA (2015). "The mathematics of three N-localizers used together for stereotactic neurosurgery". Cureus. 7 (10): e341. doi:10.7759/cureus.341. PMC 4636133Freely accessible. PMID 26594605.
  19. Brown RA (2015). "The mathematics of four or more N-localizers for stereotactic neurosurgery". Cureus. 7 (10): e349. doi:10.7759/cureus.349. PMC 4641741Freely accessible. PMID 26623204.
  20. US patent 4608977, Brown, RA, "System using computed tomography as for selective body treatment"
  21. Brown RA, Roberts T, Osborn AG (1981). "Simplified CT-guided stereotaxic biopsy" (PDF). American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2 (2): 181–4. PMID 6784559.
  22. Brown RA, Nelson JA (2012). "Invention of the N-localizer for stereotactic neurosurgery and its use in the Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frame". Neurosurgery. 70 (2 Supplement Operative): 173–176. doi:10.1227/NEU.0b013e318246a4f7. PMID 22186842.
  23. Brown RA, Nelson JA (2016). "The invention and early history of the N-localizer for stereotactic neurosurgery". Cureus. 8 (6): e642. doi:10.7759/cureus.642. PMID 27462476.
  24. Brown RA, Roberts TS, Osborn AG (1980). "Stereotaxic frame and computer software for CT-directed neurosurgical localization". Investigative Radiology. 15 (4): 308–12. doi:10.1097/00004424-198007000-00006. PMID 7009485.
  25. Leksell L, Jernberg B (1980). "Stereotaxis and tomography. A technical note.". Acta Neurochirugica. 52 (1-2): 1–7. doi:10.1007/BF01400939. PMID 6990697.
  26. Goerss S, Kelly PJ, Kall B, Alker GJ (1982). "A computed tomographic stereotactic adaptation system". Neurosurgery. 10 (3): 375–9. doi:10.1097/00006123-198203000-00014. PMID 7041006.
  27. Couldwell WT, Apuzzo ML (1990). "Initial experience related to the Cosman-Roberts-Wells stereotactic instrument. Technical note". Journal of Neurosurgery. 72 (1): 145–8. doi:10.3171/jns.1990.72.1.0145. PMID 2403588.
  28. Lindquist, Christer (2007). "The Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion and comparisons with its predecessors". Neurosurgery. 61: ONS130–ONS141. doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000316276.20586.dd. PMID 18596433.
  29. Kunz LR, Marks B, Brown RA (1982). "Delineation of masses identified on axial computed tomography". Radiology. 142 (2): 536. doi:10.1148/radiology.142.2.7054853.
  30. Brown RA, Grant DM (1993). "Magnetization preparation for coupled relaxation studies using S-pulse sequences". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. A105 (3): 284–288. doi:10.1006/jmra.1993.1282.
  31. Brown RA, Price RH, Grant DM (1994). "Detecting proton magnetization via carbon-13 coupled relaxation studies". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. A110 (1): 38–44. doi:10.1006/jmra.1994.1178.
  32. Brown RA, Grant DM (1995). "Carbon-13 coupled relaxation studies of a leucine zipper peptide". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. B106 (3): 254–260. doi:10.1006/jmrb.1995.1041.
  33. Brown RA; Venters RA; Tang PPPZ; Spicer LD (1995). "A test for scalar coupling between hetereonuclei using gradient-enhanced proton-detected carbon-13 spectroscopy". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. A113 (1): 117–119. Bibcode:1995JMagR.113..117B. doi:10.1006/jmra.1995.1064.
  34. Brown RA, Case DA (2006). "Second derivatives in generalized Born theory". Journal of Computational Chemistry. 27 (14): 1662–1675. doi:10.1002/jcc.20479.
  35. Gonzalez L, Brown RA, Richardson D, Alber T (1996). "Crystal structures of a single coiled-coil peptide in two oligomeric states reveal the basis for structural polymorphism". Nature Structural Biology. 3: 1002–1010. doi:10.1038/nsb1296-1002.
  36. Brown RA, Sharapov I (2007). "High-scalability parallelization of a molecular modeling application: performance and productivity comparison between OpenMP and MPI". International Journal of Parallel Programming. 35 (5): 441–458. doi:10.1007/s10766-007-0057-y.
  37. Brown RA, Sharapov I (2008). "Performance and programmability comparison between OpenMP and MPI implementations of a molecular modeling application". Lecture Notes in Computer Science: OpenMP Shared Memory Parallel Programming. 4315: 349–360. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68555-5_28.
  38. Brown RA (2015). "Building a balanced k-d tree in O(kn log n) time". Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques. 4 (1): 50–68.
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