Prince Chun (淳)
| Prince Chun of the First Rank | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 和碩淳親王 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 和硕淳亲王 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Prince Chun of the First Rank, or simply Prince Chun, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Chun peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances.
The first bearer of the title was Yunyou (允祐; 1680–1730), the Kangxi Emperor's seventh son. In 1709, Yunyou was granted the title "Prince Chun of the Second Rank" by his father. He was promoted to "Prince Chun of the First Rank" in 1723 during the reign of his fourth brother, the Yongzheng Emperor. The title was passed down over seven generations and held by seven persons.
Members of the Prince Chun peerage
- Yunyou (允祐; 1680–1730), the Kangxi Emperor's seventh son, initially a beile, promoted to Prince Chun of the Second Rank in 1709 and then to Prince Chun of the First Rank in 1723, posthumously honoured as Prince Chundu of the First Rank (淳度親王)
- Hongjing (弘暻; 1711–1777), Yunyou's sixth son, designated as Yunyou's shizi (heir apparent) from 1727 to 1730, held the title Prince Chun of the Second Rank from 1730 to 1777, posthumously honoured as Prince Chunshen of the Second Rank (淳慎郡王)
- Yongyun (永鋆; 1771–1820), Hongjing's eighth son, held the title of a beile from 1778 to 1820
- Mianqing (綿清; 1791–1851), Yongyun's second son, held the title of a first class fuguo jiangjun from 1812 to 1821, promoted to beizi in 1821
- Yiliang (奕樑; 1819–1887), Mianqing's fourth son, held the title of a third class zhenguo jiangjun from 1838 to 1851, promoted to feng'en zhenguo gong in 1851, made an acting beizi in 1872
- Zaikui (載㷇; 1862–1894), Yiliang's third son, held the title of a feng'en zhenguo gong from 1887 to 1894
- Pukun (溥堃; 1885–1932), Zaikui's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en zhenguo gong from 1895 to 1932
- Zaikui (載㷇; 1862–1894), Yiliang's third son, held the title of a feng'en zhenguo gong from 1887 to 1894
- Yiquan (奕權), Mianqing's fifth son, held the title of a second class fuguo jiangjun from 1844 to 1864, had no male heir
- Yirong (奕榕), Mianqing's sixth son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1844 to 1875, stripped of his title in 1875
- Yifeng (奕楓), Mianqing's 12th son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1851 to 1881
- Zaiwei (載煒), Yifeng's third son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1881
- Yiliang (奕樑; 1819–1887), Mianqing's fourth son, held the title of a third class zhenguo jiangjun from 1838 to 1851, promoted to feng'en zhenguo gong in 1851, made an acting beizi in 1872
- Mian-? (綿𣿯), Yongyun's third son, held the title of a first class fuguo jiangjun from 1826 to 1871, had no male heir
- Mianxun (綿洵), Yongyun's fifth son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1826 to 1858
- Yijian (奕檻), Mianxun's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1859 to 1886
- Zaiyu (載煜), Yijian's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1887
- Yijian (奕檻), Mianxun's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1859 to 1886
- Mianshu (綿淑), Yongyun's seventh son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1826 to 1847
- Yihua (奕樺), Mianshu's eldest son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1847 to 1862, stripped of his title in 1862
- Mianqing (綿清; 1791–1851), Yongyun's second son, held the title of a first class fuguo jiangjun from 1812 to 1821, promoted to beizi in 1821
- Yongyun (永鋆; 1771–1820), Hongjing's eighth son, held the title of a beile from 1778 to 1820
- Hongshu (弘曙; 1697–1738), Yunyou's eldest son, designated as Yunyou's shizi (heir apparent) from 1723 to 1727, stripped of his title in 1727
- Hongzhuo (弘晫), Yunyou's second son, held the title of a fuguo jiangjun in 1743
- Yonghong (永玒), Hongzhuo's second son, held the title of a fengguo jiangjun from 1744 to 1752
- Yongzhuang (永莊), Hongzhuo's third son, held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1753 to 1777
- Hongtai (弘泰), Yunyou's seventh son, held the title of a third class fengguo jiangjun from 1743 to 1757
- Hongjing (弘暻; 1711–1777), Yunyou's sixth son, designated as Yunyou's shizi (heir apparent) from 1727 to 1730, held the title Prince Chun of the Second Rank from 1730 to 1777, posthumously honoured as Prince Chunshen of the Second Rank (淳慎郡王)
Family tree
| Yunyou 允祐 (1680–1730) Prince Chundu of the First Rank 淳度親王 (1723–1730) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hongshu 弘曙 (1697–1738) Shizi 世子 (1723–1727) (stripped of his title) | Hongjing 弘暻 (1711–1777) Prince Chunshen of the Second Rank 淳慎郡王 (1730–1777) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yongyun 永鋆 (1771–1820) Beile 貝勒 (1778–1820) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mianqing 綿清 (1791–1851) Beizi 貝子 (1821–1851) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yiliang 奕梁 (1819–1887) Feng'en Zhenguo Gong and Acting Beizi 貝子銜奉恩鎮國公 (1872–1887) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zaikui 載㷇 (1862–1894) Feng'en Zhenguo Gong 奉恩鎮國公 (1887–1894) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pukun 溥堃 (1885–1932) Feng'en Zhenguo Gong 奉恩鎮國公 (1895–1932) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
References
- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Volume 220. China.
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