Prime Minister of Lithuania

Prime Minister of the Republic of Lithuania
Coat of Arms of Lithuania
Incumbent Saulius Skvernelis since 22 November 2016
Appointer	President of Lithuania
Term length	Legislative elections to the Seimas are held every four years at most and newly elected Seimas approves the Prime Minister. No term limits are imposed on the office.
Inaugural holder	Augustinas Voldemaras
Formation	11 November 1918

The Prime Minister of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Ministras Pirmininkas, literally translated as Minister-Chairman) is the head of the Government of Lithuania, and is chosen appointed by the President of Lithuania with the assent of the Lithuanian parliament, the Seimas. The modern office of Prime Minister was established in 1990, during the turmoil surrounding the Soviet Union's collapse, although the official title was "Chairperson of the Council of Ministers" until 25 November 1992.

Historically, the title of Prime Minister was also used between 1918 and 1940. This was during the original Republic of Lithuania, which lasted from the collapse of the Russian Empire until the country's annexation by the Soviet Union.

Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940)

Nº	Name (Born–Died)	Term of office^[1]		Political party
1	Augustinas Voldemaras (1883–1942) 1st time	11 November 1918	26 December 1918	Party of National Progress
2	Mykolas Sleževičius (1882–1939) 1st time	26 December 1918	5 March 1919	Peasant Union
3	Pranas Dovydaitis (1886–1942)	13 March 1919	12 April 1919	Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party
(2)	Mykolas Sleževičius (1882–1939) 2nd time	12 April 1919	2 October 1919	Peasant Union
4	Ernestas Galvanauskas (1882–1967) 1st time	7 October 1919	15 June 1920	Independent
5	Kazys Grinius (1866–1950)	19 June 1920	18 January 1922	Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union
(4)	Ernestas Galvanauskas (1882–1967) 2nd time	2 February 1922	22 November 1923	Independent
6	Antanas Tumėnas (1880–1946)	18 June 1924	27 January 1925	Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party
7	Vytautas Petrulis (1890–1942)	4 February 1925	19 September 1925	Farmers' Association
8	Leonas Bistras (1890–1971)	25 September 1925	31 May 1926	Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party
(2)	Mykolas Sleževičius (1882–1939) 3rd time	15 June 1926	17 December 1926	Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union
(1)	Augustinas Voldemaras (1883–1942) 2nd time	17 December 1926	19 September 1929	Lithuanian Nationalist Union
9	Juozas Tūbelis (1882–1939)	23 September 1929	8 June 1934	Lithuanian Nationalist Union
		12 June 1934	6 September 1935
		6 September 1935	24 March 1938
10	Vladas Mironas (1880–1953)	24 March 1938	5 December 1939	Lithuanian Nationalist Union
10	Vladas Mironas (1880–1953)	5 December 1939	28 March 1939	Lithuanian Nationalist Union
11	Jonas Černius (1898–1977)	28 March 1939	21 November 1939	Lithuanian Nationalist Union
12	Antanas Merkys (1887–1955)	21 November 1939	15 June 1940	Lithuanian Nationalist Union

Following the ultimatum in June 1940, the forces of Soviet Union entered Lithuania, prompting President Antanas Smetona to flee the country. Antanas Merkys, who assumed the position of acting President in accordance with the constitution, soon announced he had taken over the Presidency on a permanent basis and appointed Justas Paleckis, favored by the Soviet authorities, as the Prime Minister ahead of the "people's government". Merkys soon resigned, allowing Paleckis to assume the post of acting President as well.^[2] The presidency of Merkys is not recognized as legitimate in modern Lithuania^[3] and Paleckis is not listed as an interwar Prime Minister in government sources.^[1]

Nº	Name (Born–Died)	Portrait	Term of office		Political party
	Justas Paleckis (1899–1980)		17 June 1940	24 June 1940

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940–1990)

Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Lithuanian SSR

Mečislovas Gedvilas (25 August 1940 – 2 April 1946) (in exile in the Russian SFSR 1941–1944)

Chairmen of the Council of Ministers of the Lithuanian SSR

Mečislovas Gedvilas (2 April 1946 – 16 January 1956)
Motiejus Šumauskas (16 January 1956 – 14 April 1967)
Juozas Maniušis (14 April 1967 – 16 January 1981)
Ringaudas Songaila (16 January 1981 – 18 November 1985)
Vytautas Sakalauskas (18 November 1985 – 17 March 1990)

Provisional Government of Lithuania (1941)

Acting Prime Minister of the Provisional Government

Juozas Ambrazevičius (June 23, 1941 – August 5, 1941)

Lithuania

This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Lithuania
Constitution
Executive President Dalia Grybauskaitė Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis
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Republic of Lithuania (1990–present)

From 11 March 1990 after adopting the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.

Parties

LKDP LDDP TS / TS-LKD LLS LSDP LVŽS Independent

Nº	Name (Born–Died)	Legislature (Election)	Term of office^[4]^{[Note 1]}		Political party
1	Kazimira Prunskienė (1943–)	Supreme Council (1990)	17 March 1990	10 January 1991	Independent (endorsed by Sąjūdis)
2	Albertas Šimėnas (1950–)		10 January 1991	13 January 1991	Independent (endorsed by Sąjūdis)
3	Gediminas Vagnorius (1957–) 1st time		13 January 1991	21 July 1992	Independent (endorsed by Sąjūdis)
4	Aleksandras Abišala (1955–)		21 July 1992	26 November 1992	Independent (endorsed by Sąjūdis)
5	Bronislovas Lubys (1938–2011)	Sixth Seimas (1992)	12 December 1992	10 March 1993	Independent (endorsed by Democratic Labour Party)
6	Adolfas Šleževičius (1948–)		10 March 1993	8 February 1996	Democratic Labour Party
7	Laurynas Stankevičius (1935–)		23 February 1996	19 November 1996	Democratic Labour Party
(3)	Gediminas Vagnorius (1957–) 2nd time	Seventh Seimas (1996)	4 December 1996	3 May 1999	Homeland Union (Conservatives)
8	Rolandas Paksas (1956–) 1st time		1 June 1999	27 October 1999	Homeland Union (Conservatives)
9	Andrius Kubilius (1956–) 1st time		3 November 1999	19 October 2000^[5]	Homeland Union (Conservatives)
(8)	Rolandas Paksas (1956–) 2nd time	Eighth Seimas (2000)	27 October 2000	20 June 2001	Liberal Union
10	Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–2010)	Eighth Seimas (2000)	4 July 2001	15 November 2004^[6]	Social Democratic Party
10	Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–2010)	Ninth Seimas (2004)	29 November 2004	1 June 2006	Social Democratic Party
11	Gediminas Kirkilas (1951–)	Ninth Seimas (2004)	6 July 2006	17 November 2008	Social Democratic Party
(9)	Andrius Kubilius (1956–) 2nd time	Tenth Seimas (2008)	28 November 2008	16 November 2012^[7]	Homeland Union (Conservatives)
12	Algirdas Butkevičius (1958–)	Eleventh Seimas (2012)	26 November 2012	14 November 2016	Social Democratic Party
13	Saulius Skvernelis (1970–)	Twelfth Seimas (2016)	22 November 2016^[8]	present	Peasant and Greens Union

Notes

↑ Term of office starts when the Prime Minister is appointed by presidential decree and starts forming the government. Term of office ends when the Prime Minister or the government is dismissed or their resignation is accepted by presidential decree. Term of office does not include the time served in an acting capacity, typically until the next Prime Minister forms a new government.

References

1 2 "Ankstesnės Vyriausybės. Laikotarpiu 1918-1940". Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
↑ Senn, Alfred Erich (2007). Lithuania 1940: Revolution from Above. Rodopi. pp. 147–148. ISBN 9789042022256. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
↑ "History". President of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
↑ "Ankstesnės Vyriausybės. Po 1990 metų". Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
↑ "DĖL LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKOS VYRIAUSYBĖS GRĄŽINAMŲ ĮGALIOJIMŲ PRIĖMIMO IR PAVEDIMO JAI EITI PAREIGAS". Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
↑ "DĖL LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKOS VYRIAUSYBĖS GRĄŽINAMŲ ĮGALIOJIMŲ PRIĖMIMO IR PAVEDIMO LAIKINAI EITI PAREIGAS". Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
↑ "DĖL LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKOS VYRIAUSYBĖS GRĄŽINAMŲ ĮGALIOJIMŲ PRIĖMIMO IR PAVEDIMO JAI LAIKINAI EITI PAREIGAS". Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
↑ "DELFI ŽINIOSDIENOS NAUJIENOSLIETUVOJE D. Grybauskaitė premjeru paskyrė S. Skvernelį". Delfi.lt. BNS. Retrieved 22 November 2016.

External links

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Lithuania articles

History

Early	Balts Lithuania proper Grand Duchy 1219–95 Duchy Kingdom Christianization Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Revival and independence	Press ban National Revival Great Seimas of Vilnius Act of Independence Wars of Independence Lithuanian–Soviet War Polish–Lithuanian War 1919 Polish coup d'état attempt First Soviet republic 1926 coup d'état

WWII and occupations	Occupation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union (1940) by Nazi Germany by the Soviet Union (1944) Holocaust Resistance Second Soviet republic Baltic states under Soviet rule (1944–91)

Restoration	Reform Movement (Sąjūdis) Singing Revolution Baltic Way Act of Re-Establishment January Events August Putsch

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Prime Ministers of Lithuania

1918–1940	Augustinas Voldemaras Mykolas Sleževičius Pranas Dovydaitis Mykolas Sleževičius Ernestas Galvanauskas Kazys Grinius Ernestas Galvanauskas Antanas Tumėnas Vytautas Petrulis Leonas Bistras Mykolas Sleževičius Augustinas Voldemaras Juozas Tūbelis Vladas Mironas Jonas Černius Antanas Merkys

Lithuanian SSR	Mečislovas Gedvilas Motiejus Šumauskas Juozas Maniušis Ringaudas Songaila Vytautas Sakalauskas

since 1990	Kazimira Prunskienė Albertas Šimėnas Gediminas Vagnorius Aleksandras Abišala Bronislovas Lubys Adolfas Šleževičius Laurynas Stankevičius Gediminas Vagnorius Irena Degutienė Rolandas Paksas Irena Degutienė Andrius Kubilius Rolandas Paksas Eugenijus Gentvilas Algirdas Brazauskas Zigmantas Balčytis Gediminas Kirkilas Andrius Kubilius Algirdas Butkevičius Saulius Skvernelis

Italics indicate acting Prime Ministers

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Partially recognised²	Abkhazia¹ Kosovo Northern Cyprus¹ South Ossetia¹

Unrecognised states³	Nagorno-Karabakh¹ Transnistria

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UN members and observers	Albania Andorra Armenia¹ Austria Azerbaijan¹ Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus¹ Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia¹ Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan¹ Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation¹ San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Sovereign Military Order of Malta Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey¹ Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City

Partially recognised²	Abkhazia¹ Kosovo Northern Cyprus¹ South Ossetia¹

Unrecognised states³	Nagorno-Karabakh¹ Transnistria

Former countries	Czechoslovakia East Germany Soviet Union¹ Yugoslavia

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2. Recognised by at least one United Nations member.
3. Not recognised by any United Nations members.

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