Pothohari dialect

Pothohari
Potwari, Potowari
پوٹھوہاری
Native to Pakistan, India
Region Pothohar region, Azad Kashmir and Poonch (Jammu and Kashmir)
Native speakers
 2.5 million including Dhundi-Kairali, Chibhali, & Punchhi, but perhaps not 1.04 million Mirpuri (2007)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 phr (includes other dialects)
Glottolog paha1251  (Pahari Potwari)[3]
mirp1238  (Mirpur Panjabi)[4]

Punjabi–Lahnda dialects. Pothohari is center-north.

Pothohari (پوٹھوہاری), Pahari-Potowari, or Potwari is an Indo-Aryan dialect transitional between Hindko and Standard Punjabi.[5] It is spoken by inhabitants of the Pothohar Plateau in northern Punjab and in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan and Poonch of Jammu and Kashmir, India. There has been a language movement[6] and some efforts at cultivation as a literary language.[7]

Potohar scenery with pahar backdrop

Classification

It has been historically classified as a Punjabi dialect. Grierson in his early 20th-century Linguistic Survey of India assigned it to a so-called "Northern cluster" of Lahnda, but this classification, as well as the validity of the Lahnda grouping in this case, have been called into question.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Pahari-Potwari at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
  2. ↑ "Western Panjabi". Ethnologue. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  3. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Pahari Potwari". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Mirpur Panjabi". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  5. ↑ Shackle 1979, pp. 200–201.
  6. ↑ Shackle 1979, p. 198.
  7. ↑ Masica 1991, p. 440.
  8. ↑ Shackle 1979, p. 201: Pothohari "is often so close to Panjabi that any attempt to maintain the Lahndi scheme ought probably to reckon it as 'Lahndi merging into Panjabi'."

Bibliography

External links

Pothohari dialect test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
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