Ponerorchis
| Ponerorchis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Ponerorchis graminifolia | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Orchideae |
| Subtribe: | Orchidinae |
| Alliance: | Orchis |
| Genus: | Ponerorchis Rchb.f., 1852 |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Ponerorchis is a small genus of Asian terrestrial tuberous orchids included in the orchid family Orchidaceae. It is native to China, Siberia, the Russian Far East, Japan, Korea, and the Himalayas.[1][2]
It has been suggested that Ponerorchis should be broadened to include Chusua, and that Hemipilia should include single `orphan' species of Ponerorchis and Habenaria [3]
They can be found in evergreen forests and meadows in temperate, mountainous regions from the Himalayas to Siberia and Japan. They are closely related to the genus Orchis to which, in the past, they were thought to belong. The genus is distinguished from Orchis by having in the column two bursicles (pouchlike receptacles) enclosing the pollinia, instead of one. It shares with Orchis its spherical, ellipsoid or oblong tubers. The species Ponerorchis chidorii, endemic to Japan, is also known to grow epiphytically.
In horticultural trade this genus is abbreviated as Pnr. These orchids, a wide variety of mostly cultivars of Ponerorchis graminifolia, are rarely grown outside Japan.
Species
Species accepted as of May 2014:[1]
- Ponerorchis brevicalcarata (Finet) Soó, (1966) - Sichuan, Yunnan
- Ponerorchis chidorii (Makino) Ohwi, (1936) - Honshu, Shikoku
- Ponerorchis chrysea (W.W.Sm.) Soó, (1966) - Yunnan, Tibet, Bhutan
- Ponerorchis chusua (D.Don) Soó, (1966) - Korea, Assam, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, China (Gansu, Heilongjiang, enan, Hubei, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), Russia (Primorye, Khabarovsk, Amur, Chita)
- Ponerorchis crenulata Soó, (1966) - Yunnan
- Ponerorchis curtipes (Ohwi) J.M.H.Shaw, (2003) - Kushiro Subprefecture (on Hokkaido)
- Ponerorchis exilis (Ames & Schltr.) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Yunnan
- Ponerorchis graminifolia Rchb.f., (1852) - Korea, Japan
- Ponerorchis joo-iokiana (Makino) Soó,(1966) - Korea, Honshu
- Ponerorchis kiraishiensis (Hayata) Ohwi, (1936) - Taiwan
- Ponerorchis kurokamiana (Hatus. & Ohwi) J.M.H.Shaw, (2003) - Mount Kurokami on Kyushu
- Ponerorchis limprichtii (Schltr.) Soó, (1966) - Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
- Ponerorchis omeishanica (Tang, F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Sichuan
- Ponerorchis puberula (King & Pantl.) Verm., (1972) - Assam, Bhutan
- Ponerorchis pugeensis (K.Y.Lang) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Sichuan
- Ponerorchis renzii Deva & H.B.Naithani, (1986) Western Himalaya of India, Tibet, Pakistan
- Ponerorchis sichuanica (K.Y.Lang) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Sichuan
- Ponerorchis taiwanensis (Fukuy.) Ohwi, (1936) - Taiwan
- Ponerorchis takasago-montana (Masam.) Ohwi, (1936) - Taiwan
- Ponerorchis tominagae (Hayata) H.J.Su & J.J.Chen (2000) - Taiwan
References
- 1 2 3 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ Flora of China v 25 p 92, 小红门兰属 xiao hong men lan shu, Ponerorchis
- ↑ BATEMAN, RICHARD M.; HOLLINGSWORTH, PETER M.; PRESTON, JILLIAN; YI-BO, LUO; PRIDGEON, ALEC M.; CHASE, MARK W. (May 2003). "Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of Orchidinae and selected Habenariinae (Orchidaceae)". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 142 (1): 1–40. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.00157.x.
- World Checklist of Monocoltyledons Kew Botanical Gardens
- Stewart, J. 1994. Ponerorchis. Alpine orchid gems from Japan. New Plantsman 1:29–35.
External links
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Media related to Ponerorchis at Wikimedia Commons -
Data related to Ponerorchis at Wikispecies - Ponerorchis