Palaeonisciformes

Palaeonisciformes
Temporal range: Late Silurian–Late Cretaceous
Platysomus gibbosus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclass: Osteichthyes
Class: Actinopterygii
Subclass: Chondrostei[1]
Order: Palaeonisciformes
Families

The Palaeonisciformes are an extinct order of early ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) which began in the Early Silurian and ended in the Late Cretaceous. The name of the order is derived from the Greek words paleo (ancient) and ὀνίσκος (oniskos or woodlouse), probably pertaining to the organization of the fishes' scales, similar to the exoskeletal plating of woodlice.

Classification

Acropholis stensioei fossil at the Geological Museum in Copenhagen

It is not a natural group, but is instead a paraphyletic assemblage of the early members of several ray-finned fish lineages. It has traditionally encompassed most Paleozoic actinopterygians, except those that exhibit strange body forms (such as the deep-bodied Platysomoidea, or those assigned definitively to any of the living groups of ray-finned fishes.

Andreolepis hedei has proven so far to be the earliest-known actinopterygiian, living around 420 million years ago (Late Silurian in Russia, Sweden, Estonia, and Latvia. Actinopterygians underwent an extensive diversification during the Carboniferous, after the end-Devonian Hangenberg extinction.

Timeline of genera

Cretaceous Jurassic Triassic Permian Carboniferous Devonian Silurian Ordovician Cambrian Late Cretaceous Early Cretaceous Late Jurassic Middle Jurassic Early Jurassic Late Triassic Middle Triassic Early Triassic Late Permian Middle Permian Early Permian Pennsylvanian Mississippian Late Devonian Middle Devonian Early Devonian Pridoli Ludlow Wenlock Llandovery Late Ordovician Middle Ordovician Early Ordovician Late Cambrian Middle Cambrian Early Cambrian Asarotus Psilichthys Songanella Hulettia Gyrosteus Strongylosteus Coccolepis Chondrosteus Centrolepis Plesiococcolepis Cosmolepis Browneichthys Fukangichthys Scanilepis Aegicephalichthys Gyrolepidoides Caruichthys Dorsolepis Gyrolepis Birgeria Boreosomus Atopocephala Broovalia Daedalichthys Dictyopype Evenkia Helichthys Pteronisculus Sakamenichthys Stichopterus Urosthenes Amblypterina Amblypterus Chichia Eurynotoides Gardinerichthys Inichthys Korutichthys Neuburgella Paralogoniscus Rhabdolepis Sinoniscus Tienshaniscus Trachelacanthus Boreolepis Palaeoniscum Aedulla Burbonella Decazella Igornella Westollia Eigilia Palaeothrissum Uydenia Charleuxia Haplolepis Illiniichthys Nozamichthys Coccocephalichthys Paramblypterus Cyranorhis Borichthys Dwykia Willomorichthys Cycloptychius Rhadinichthys Aetheretmon Bendenius Canobius Kentuckia Phanerosteon Strepeoschema Sundayichthys Acrolepis Brachypareion Cheirodopsis Cornuboniscus Cosmoptychius Drydenius Elonichthys Gonatodus Mesolepis Nematoptychius Paradrydenius Paragonatodus Paramesolepis Platysomus Protamblyptera Styracopterus Wardichthys Watsonichthyes Whiteichthys Tegeolepis Mimia Moythomasia Orvikuina Stegotrachelus Osorioichthys Dialiipina Ligulalepis Lophosteus Naxilepis Andreolepis Cretaceous Jurassic Triassic Permian Carboniferous Devonian Silurian Ordovician Cambrian Late Cretaceous Early Cretaceous Late Jurassic Middle Jurassic Early Jurassic Late Triassic Middle Triassic Early Triassic Late Permian Middle Permian Early Permian Pennsylvanian Mississippian Late Devonian Middle Devonian Early Devonian Pridoli Ludlow Wenlock Llandovery Late Ordovician Middle Ordovician Early Ordovician Late Cambrian Middle Cambrian Early Cambrian

References

  1. ↑ "Palaeonisciformes". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved November 17, 2012.
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