Mykola Plaviuk

Mykola Vasyliovych Plaviuk (Ukrainian: Микола Васильович Плав'юк; June 5, 1925 – March 10, 2012) was a Ukrainian social and political activist in emigration, who had served as the last President of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile. He terminated his authority on August 22, 1992, when he formally ceded his authority to the first President of independent Ukraine, Leonid Kravchuk.

Biography

Mykola Plaviuk (aka Plawiuk) was born on June 5, 1925 in the village of Rusiv in Poland (now part of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast in independent Ukraine).^[1] During World War II, Mykola became active in the Plast scouting movement in western Ukraine, which provided training after which many youth subsequently joined the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists.^[2][3] After the war, he fled to Germany^[4] where he received a diploma from the University of Munich in economics.^[1] He emigrated to Montréal in Canada in 1949 where he became an active member of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada.^[1] In 1954 he became an alumni from the Concordia University.^[1]

Prior to the proclamation of an independent Ukrainian state in 1991, parallel to his professional career, Mykola Plawiuk held prominent positions in Ukrainian diaspora community/political institutions: President of the Ukrainian National Federation of Canada (1956–66); Vice-President of the Ukrainian Canadian Congress (1966–71); senior PLAST Ukrainian scout leader; initiator and chief organizer responsible for the establishment in 1967 of the World Congress of Free Ukrainians (WCFU) in New York; Secretary General of the WCFU (1973–76); 1st Vice-President of the WCFU (1976–78); President of the WCFU (1978–80); elected Leader of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists in 1979; in June 1988 elected Vice-President of the Ukrainian National Republic (UNR) in Exile.

After death of incumbent President Mykola Livytskyi, Plaviuk became his successor,^[4] serving from December 8, 1989 to 1992. During a ceremonious session of the Verkhovna Rada on August 22, 1992 in Kiev, Mykola Plaviuk formally ceded his authority and the activity of the UNR to the first President of independent Ukraine, Leonid Kravchuk, who was elected in 1991.^[5][6] In his declaration, Plaviuk proclaimed that the current Ukrainian state is the lawful successor to the Ukrainian People's Republic and a continuation of its authority and state traditions.^[5][7]

At a specially convened session of the Parliament of Ukraine in Kyiv on August 22, 1992, Mykola Plawiuk formally ceded his mandate, along with the state attributes and documents of the UNR, to the first President of independent Ukraine, Leonid Kravchuk, declaring that the restored Ukrainian state is the lawful successor to the Ukrainian National Republic. For his achievements in Ukrainian community and political affairs in the diaspora, Mykola Plawiuk was awarded the St. Volodymyr the Great Medal by the Ukrainian World Congress, and the Taras Shevchenko Medal by the Ukrainian Canadian Congress. In 1993, via extraordinary decree by President of Ukraine Leonid Kravchuk, Mykola Plawiuk was made a citizen of Ukraine. In 1996, by presidential decree Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma conferred upon Mykola Plawiuk the State Order of Merit, IIIrd Class "…for his personal contribution to the development of Ukrainian statehood, and his active community and humanitarian involvement…."

In 2007, through presidential decree President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko conferred upon Mykola Plawiuk The Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 1st Class for his contributions as a “…public and political leader, President of the UNR in exile 1988-1992, for his selfless service to the Ukrainian people, and distinguished personal achievements in the revival of Ukraine’s independence."

Mykola Plaviuk was the leader of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists since 1981 until his death.^[1] He was married, and had two sons and two daughters.^[5] Plaviuk lived in both Kiev and Canada. He died on March 10, 2012 in Hamilton, Ontario.^[1][4]

See also

• List of national leaders of Ukraine

References

External links

• "Leader of Ukrainian Nationalists Organization Mykola Plawiuk" (in Ukrainian). www.mplawiuk.kiev.ua. 2000. Archived from the original (archived version) on 2004-12-04. Retrieved 2008-12-30. 

Leaders of Ukraine
Ukrainian People's Republic	(1917–1920) Mykhailo Hrushevskyi Volodymyr Vynnychenko Symon Petliura (Holovnyi Otaman)
West Ukrainian People's Republic	(1918–1919) Kost Levytsky Yevhen Petrushevych
Hetmanate	(1918) Pavlo Skoropadskyi
Ukrainian People's Republic1	(1920–1992) Andriy Livytskyi Stepan Vytvytskyi Mykola Livytskyi Mykola Plaviuk
Ukrainian National Council2	(1941) Kost Levytsky
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic3	(1922–1991) Georgy Pyatakov Stanislav Kosior Dmitry Manuilsky Emmanuil Kviring Lazar Kaganovich Stanislav Kosior Nikita Khrushchev Lazar Kaganovich Nikita Khrushchev Leonid Melnikov Alexei Kirichenko Nikolai Podgorny Petro Shelest Volodymyr Shcherbytsky Volodymyr Ivashko Stanislav Hurenko
Ukraine	(since 1991) Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Kuchma Viktor Yushchenko Viktor Yanukovych Oleksandr Turchynov (Acting) Petro Poroshenko
1Presidents of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile.   2 Chairman of the Ukrainian National Council.   3First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.