Moses Robinson

Moses Robinson
2nd Governor of Vermont Republic
In office 1789–1790
Lieutenant	Joseph Marsh
Preceded by	Thomas Chittenden
Succeeded by	Thomas Chittenden
United States Senator from Vermont
In office October 15, 1791 – October 17, 1796
Preceded by	None
Succeeded by	Isaac Tichenor
Personal details
Born	(1741-03-22)March 22, 1741 Hardwick, Massachusetts
Died	May 26, 1813(1813-05-26) (aged 72) Bennington, Vermont
Citizenship	Colonial Massachusetts (1741–1761) New Hampshire Grants (disputed territory then governed as a part of colonial New Hampshire and that later became Vermont) (1761–1764) Territory claimed by colonial New York (1764–1776) Territory claimed by the independent state of New York (1776–1777) Republic of Vermont (1777–1791) United States (1791–1813)
Political party	Anti-Administration Democratic-Republican
Spouse(s)	Mary Fay (1st) Susannah Howe (2nd)
Profession	Politician, farmer, land speculator

Moses Robinson (March 22, 1741 – May 26, 1813) was a prominent Vermont political figure. When Vermont was an independent country, he was its first chief justice and served a one-year term as governor. As governor he superintended the negotiations that led to Vermont's admission to the Union as the fourteenth state in the United States. He then served as one of the first two United States Senators from Vermont.

Biography

Robinson was born in Hardwick, Massachusetts where he spent his childhood. In 1761 he moved with his family to Bennington, in what would later become Vermont but was then governed as part of New Hampshire – the New Hampshire Grants. His father Samuel Robinson was an important leader of early Vermont, and died while in England attempting to resolve a dispute over whether New Hampshire or New York had the right to grant land and town charters in the New Hampshire Grants.

Moses Robinson soon became an important citizen of Bennington in his own right, serving as town clerk from 1762 to 1781. He farmed and speculated in land, and became active in the American independence movement, serving as a colonel in the Vermont militia during the American Revolution.^[1]

Career

In 1778, when the government of Vermont was erected after Vermont declared independence in 1777, Robinson became a member of the governor's council and chief justice of the Vermont Supreme Court.^[2] In 1782 he was sent to the Continental Congress as a state agent to attempt to solve the ongoing governance dispute with New York.^[3] He served on the governor's council until 1785 and as chief justice until 1789, when he became governor of Vermont, replacing Thomas Chittenden. Robinson served as governor until October, 1790, almost five months before Vermont was admitted as a state to the United States, and was succeeded by Chittenden.

In 1789 Robinson received the honorary degree of master of arts from Yale University, and in 1790 he received the same honor from Dartmouth College.

Immediately after Vermont's admission to the Union in 1791, Robinson was elected by the Vermont General Assembly to one of Vermont's two United States Senate seats. He served in the Senate for five years of his six-year term, from October 17, 1791 to October 15, 1796, when he resigned.^[4] He became associated with the anti-administration faction and, later in his term, with the beginnings of the Democratic-Republican Party of Thomas Jefferson.

After his retirement from the Senate, Robinson moved back to Bennington and resumed farming and land speculation. He served in the Vermont House of Representatives in 1802.

Death

Robinson died in Bennington, and is interred at the Old Bennington Cemetery.^[5]

Family

Robinson married Mary Fay, daughter of Stephen Fay, a leader of Green Mountain Boys, and sister of Joseph Fay and David Fay. They had six sons: Moses, Aaron, Samuel, Nathan, Elijah, and Fay.^[6] His second wife, after Mary's death, was Susanah Howe.

Robinson was the older brother of Jonathan Robinson, who was also prominent in Vermont's political history.^[7] Governor John S. Robinson was the son of Nathan Robinson and the grandson of Moses Robinson.

References

Further reading

• Allen, Ira (1969) [1798]. The natural and political history of the State of Vermont, one of the United States of America. Charles E. Tuttle Company. ISBN 0-8048-0419-2. 
• Doyle, William T. The Vermont Political Tradition and Those Who Helped Make It. Doyle Publisher: 1987. ISBN 0-9615486-1-4.
• Duffy, John J., et al. Vermont: An Illustrated History. American Historical Press: 2000. ISBN 1-892724-08-1.
• Mello, Robert A. (2014). Moses Robinson and the Founding of Vermont. Vermont Historical Society. ISBN 978-0934720656. 
• Potash, P. Jeffrey, et al. Freedom and Unity: A History of Vermont. Vermont Historical Society: 2004. ISBN 0-934720-49-5.
• Van de Water, Frederic Franklyn (1974). The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724–1791. The Countryman Press. ISBN 0-914378-02-3. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Moses Robinson.

• United States Congress. "Moses Robinson (id: R000350)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. 
• Find A Grave
• The Political Graveyard
• National Governors Association
• Govtrack.us

United States Senators from Vermont
Class 1	M. Robinson Tichenor Chipman Smith J. Robinson Tichenor Seymour Swift Phelps Foot Edmunds Proctor Stewart Page Greene Partridge Austin Flanders Prouty Stafford Jeffords Sanders
Class 3	Bradley Paine Bradley Chase Fisk Palmer Chase Prentiss Crafts Upham Phelps Brainerd Collamer Poland Morrill Ross Dillingham Dale Gibson, Sr. Gibson, Jr. Aiken Leahy

Governors of Vermont
Vermont Republic (1777–91)	Chittenden Robinson Chittenden
State of Vermont (since 1791)	Chittenden Brigham Tichenor I. Smith Tichenor Galusha M. Chittenden Galusha Skinner Van Ness Butler Crafts Palmer Jennison Paine Mattocks Slade Eaton Coolidge Williams E. Fairbanks Robinson Royce Fletcher Hall E. Fairbanks Holbrook G. Smith P. Dillingham Page Washburn Hendee Stewart Converse Peck H. Fairbanks R. Proctor Sr. Farnham Barstow Pingree Ormsbee W.P. Dillingham Page Fuller Woodbury Grout E. Smith Stickney McCullough Bell F. Proctor Prouty Mead Fletcher Gates Graham Clement Hartness R. Proctor Jr. Billings Weeks Wilson C. Smith Aiken Wills M. Proctor Gibson Arthur Emerson Johnson Stafford Keyser Hoff Davis Salmon Snelling Kunin Snelling Dean Douglas Shumlin Scott (elect)
Italics indicate acting governor