Miwok languages

The Miwok or Miwokan languages (/ˈmiːwɒk/;^[2] Miwok: [míwːɨːk]), also known as Moquelumnan, are a group of endangered languages spoken in central California in the Sierra Nevada. There are five somewhat diverse Miwok languages, two of which have distinct regional dialects (Sierra Miwok and Coast Miwok).^[3] There are a few dozen speakers of the three Sierra Miwok languages, and in 1994 there were two speakers of Lake Miwok. The best attested language is Southern Sierra Miwok, from which we get the name Yosemite.^[4]

Languages

1925 map of the Plains and Sierra Miwok territories

• Eastern Miwok
  • Plains Miwok (†)
  • Bay Miwok (AKA Saclan) (†)
  • Sierra Miwok
    • Northern Sierra Miwok (†)
    • Central Sierra Miwok (nearly extinct)
    • Southern Sierra Miwok (nearly extinct)
• Western Miwok
  • Coast Miwok (†) (Bodega and Marin dialects)
  • Lake Miwok (†)

Notes

1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Miwokan". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 
2. ↑ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
3. ↑ Golla, Victor (2011). California Indian Languages. University of California, Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 156. 
4. ↑ "Origin of the word Yosemite (and linked references)". Yosemite.ca.us. 2011-07-10. Retrieved 2013-12-28. 

References

• Broadbent, Sylvia. (1964). The Southern Sierra Miwok Language. University of California publications in linguistics (Vol. 38). Berkeley: University of California Press.
• Broadbent, Sylvia M., and Catherine A. Callaghan. "Comparative Miwok: A Preliminary Survey." International Journal of American Linguistics, vol. 26, no. 4 (1960): 301-316.
• Broadbent, Sylvia M., and Harvey Pitkin. "A Comparison of Miwok and Wintun." In Studies in Californian Linguistics, ed. W. Bright, 19-45. University of California Publications in Linguistics, vol. 34. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964.
• Keeling, Richard. "Ethnographic Field Recordings at Lowie Museum of Anthropology," 1985. Robert H. Lowie Museum of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley. v. 2. North-Central California: Pomo, Wintun, Nomlaki, Patwin, Coast Miwok, and Lake Miwok Indians

External links

• Miwok language keyboards, Languagegeek

Languages of California
Indigenous	Algic Wiyot Yurok Athabascan Tolowa Hupa Mattole Kato Wailaki Chumashan Obispeño Island Chumash Purisimeño Ineseño Barbareño Ventureño Ohlone Karkin Chochenyo Ramaytush Tamyen Awaswas Mutsun Rumsen Chalon Hokan Chimariko Karuk Achomawi Atsugewi Northeastern Pomo Eastern Pomo Southeastern Pomo Northern Pomo Central Pomo Southern Pomo Kashaya Washo Mojave Kumeyaay Yana Yahi Penutian Klamath-Mudoc Yokuts Wintu Bay Miwok Coast Miwok Lake Miwok Plains Miwok Central Sierra Miwok Northern Sierra Miwok Southern Sierra Miwok Valley Maidu Northeast Maidu Northwest Maidu Nisenan Shastan Konomihu New River Shasta Okwanuchu Shasta Uto Aztecan Cahuilla Cupeño Kawaiisu Kitanemuk Luiseño-Juaneño Mono Northern Paiute Panamint Serrano Tataviam Tongva Ute Wintuan Nomlaki Patwin Southern Patwin Wintu Yokutsan Buena Vista Yokuts, Chukchansi, Gashowu Yokuts, Kings River Yokuts, Palewyami, Tule-Kaweah Yokuts, Valley Yokuts Yukian Yuki, Wappo Language isolates and Unclassified Esselen, Chimariko, Karuk, Salinan, Takelma Plains Sign Talk
Non-Indigenous	Indo-European American English California English Chicano English Spanish Armenian Punjabi Russian Asian Chinese Korean Tagalog Vietnamese Francosign American Sign Language
Italics indicate extinct languages