List of House members of the 42nd Parliament of Canada

This is a list of members of the House of Commons of Canada in the 42nd Canadian Parliament.[1]

Members

Party leaders are italicized. Cabinet ministers are in boldface. The Prime Minister is both.

Alberta

Name Party Electoral district
  Richards, BlakeBlake Richards Conservative Banff—Airdrie
  Sorenson, KevinKevin Sorenson Conservative Battle River—Crowfoot
  Shields, MartinMartin Shields Conservative Bow River
  Hehr, KentKent Hehr Liberal Calgary Centre
  Webber, LenLen Webber Conservative Calgary Confederation
  Obhrai, DeepakDeepak Obhrai Conservative Calgary Forest Lawn
  Harper, StephenStephen Harper (until August 26, 2016) Conservative Calgary Heritage
  Vacant
  Kenney, JasonJason Kenney (until September 23, 2016) Conservative Calgary Midnapore
  Vacant
  Rempel, MichelleMichelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill
  Kelly, PatPat Kelly Conservative Calgary Rocky Ridge
  Kmiec, TomTom Kmiec Conservative Calgary Shepard
  Liepert, RonRon Liepert Conservative Calgary Signal Hill
  Kang, DarshanDarshan Kang Liberal Calgary Skyview
  Boissonnault, RandyRandy Boissonnault Liberal Edmonton Centre
  Diotte, KerryKerry Diotte Conservative Edmonton Griesbach
  Aboultaif, ZiadZiad Aboultaif Conservative Edmonton Manning
  Sohi, AmarjeetAmarjeet Sohi Liberal Edmonton Mill Woods
  Jeneroux, MattMatt Jeneroux Conservative Edmonton Riverbend
  Duncan, LindaLinda Duncan NDP Edmonton Strathcona
  McCauley, KellyKelly McCauley Conservative Edmonton West
  Lake, MikeMike Lake Conservative Edmonton—Wetaskiwin
  Barlow, JohnJohn Barlow Conservative Foothills
  Yurdiga, DavidDavid Yurdiga Conservative Fort McMurray—Cold Lake
  Warkentin, ChrisChris Warkentin Conservative Grande Prairie—Mackenzie
  Stubbs, ShannonShannon Stubbs Conservative Lakeland
  Harder, RachaelRachael Harder Conservative Lethbridge
  Hillyer, JimJim Hillyer (until March 23, 2016) Conservative Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
  Glen Motz (since October 24, 2016)
  Viersen, ArnoldArnold Viersen Conservative Peace River—Westlock
  Calkins, BlaineBlaine Calkins Conservative Red Deer—Lacombe
  Dreeshen, EarlEarl Dreeshen Conservative Red Deer—Mountain View
  Genuis, GarnettGarnett Genuis Conservative Sherwood Park—Fort Saskatchewan
  Cooper, MichaelMichael Cooper Conservative St. Albert—Edmonton
  Ambrose, RonaRona Ambrose Conservative Sturgeon River—Parkland
  Eglinski, JimJim Eglinski Conservative Yellowhead

British Columbia

Name Party Electoral district
  Fast, EdEd Fast Conservative Abbotsford
  Beech, TerryTerry Beech Liberal Burnaby North—Seymour
  Stewart, KennedyKennedy Stewart NDP Burnaby South
  Doherty, ToddTodd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George
  Albas, DanDan Albas Conservative Central Okanagan—Similkameen—Nicola
  Strahl, MarkMark Strahl Conservative Chilliwack—Hope
  Aldag, JohnJohn Aldag Liberal Cloverdale—Langley City
  McKinnon, RonRon McKinnon Liberal Coquitlam—Port Coquitlam
  Johns, GordGord Johns NDP Courtenay—Alberni
  MacGregor, AlistairAlistair MacGregor NDP Cowichan—Malahat—Langford
  Qualtrough, CarlaCarla Qualtrough Liberal Delta
  Garrison, RandallRandall Garrison NDP Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke
  Hardie, KenKen Hardie Liberal Fleetwood—Port Kells
  McLeod, CathyCathy McLeod Conservative Kamloops—Thompson—Cariboo
  Fuhr, StephenStephen Fuhr Liberal Kelowna—Lake Country
  Stetski, WayneWayne Stetski NDP Kootenay—Columbia
  Warawa, MarkMark Warawa Conservative Langley—Aldergrove
  Sidhu, JatiJati Sidhu Liberal Mission—Matsqui—Fraser Canyon
  Malcolmson, SheilaSheila Malcolmson NDP Nanaimo—Ladysmith
  Julian, PeterPeter Julian NDP New Westminster—Burnaby
  Blaney, RachelRachel Blaney NDP North Island—Powell River
  Arnold, MelMel Arnold Conservative North Okanagan—Shuswap
  Wilkinson, JonathanJonathan Wilkinson Liberal North Vancouver
  Ruimy, DanDan Ruimy Liberal Pitt Meadows—Maple Ridge
  Donnelly, FinFin Donnelly NDP Port Moody—Coquitlam
  Zimmer, BobBob Zimmer Conservative Prince George—Peace River—Northern Rockies
  Wong, AliceAlice Wong Conservative Richmond Centre
  May, ElizabethElizabeth May Green Saanich—Gulf Islands
  Cullen, NathanNathan Cullen NDP Skeena—Bulkley Valley
  Cannings, RichardRichard Cannings NDP South Okanagan—West Kootenay
  Watts, DianneDianne Watts Conservative South Surrey—White Rock
  Peschisolido, JoeJoe Peschisolido Liberal Steveston—Richmond East
  Sarai, RandeepRandeep Sarai Liberal Surrey Centre
  Dhaliwal, SukhSukh Dhaliwal Liberal Surrey—Newton
  Fry, HedyHedy Fry Liberal Vancouver Centre
  Kwan, JennyJenny Kwan NDP Vancouver East
  Wilson-Raybould, JodyJody Wilson-Raybould Liberal Vancouver Granville
  Davies, DonDon Davies NDP Vancouver Kingsway
  Murray, JoyceJoyce Murray Liberal Vancouver Quadra
  Sajjan, HarjitHarjit Sajjan Liberal Vancouver South
  Rankin, MurrayMurray Rankin NDP Victoria
  Goldsmith-Jones, PamelaPamela Goldsmith-Jones Liberal West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country

Manitoba

Name Party Electoral district
  Maguire, LarryLarry Maguire Conservative Brandon—Souris
  Eyolfson, DougDoug Eyolfson Liberal Charleswood—St. James—Assiniboia—Headingley
  Ashton, NikiNiki Ashton NDP Churchill—Keewatinook Aski
  Sopuck, RobertRobert Sopuck Conservative Dauphin—Swan River—Neepawa
  Blaikie, DanielDaniel Blaikie NDP Elmwood—Transcona
  Mihychuk, MaryAnnMaryAnn Mihychuk Liberal Kildonan—St. Paul
  Bergen, CandiceCandice Bergen Conservative Portage—Lisgar
  Falk, TedTed Falk Conservative Provencher
  Vandal, DanDan Vandal Liberal Saint Boniface—Saint Vital
  Bezan, JamesJames Bezan Conservative Selkirk—Interlake—Eastman
  Ouellette, Robert-FalconRobert-Falcon Ouellette Liberal Winnipeg Centre
  Lamoureux, KevinKevin Lamoureux Liberal Winnipeg North
  Duguid, TerryTerry Duguid Liberal Winnipeg South
  Carr, JimJim Carr Liberal Winnipeg South Centre

New Brunswick

Name Party Electoral district
  Cormier, SergeSerge Cormier Liberal Acadie—Bathurst
  LeBlanc, DominicDominic LeBlanc Liberal Beauséjour
  DeCourcey, MattMatt DeCourcey Liberal Fredericton
  Lockhart, AlainaAlaina Lockhart Liberal Fundy Royal
  Arseneault, RenéRené Arseneault Liberal Madawaska—Restigouche
  Finnigan, PatPat Finnigan Liberal Miramichi—Grand Lake
  Petitpas Taylor, GinetteGinette Petitpas Taylor Liberal Moncton—Riverview—Dieppe
  Ludwig, KarenKaren Ludwig Liberal New Brunswick Southwest
  Long, WayneWayne Long Liberal Saint John—Rothesay
  Harvey, T. J.T. J. Harvey Liberal Tobique—Mactaquac

Newfoundland and Labrador

Name Party Electoral district
  McDonald, KenKen McDonald Liberal Avalon
  Foote, JudyJudy Foote Liberal Bonavista—Burin—Trinity
  Simms, ScottScott Simms Liberal Coast of Bays—Central—Notre Dame
  Jones, YvonneYvonne Jones Liberal Labrador
  Hutchings, GudieGudie Hutchings Liberal Long Range Mountains
  Whalen, NickNick Whalen Liberal St. John's East
  O'Regan, SeamusSeamus O'Regan Liberal St. John's South—Mount Pearl

Nova Scotia

Name Party Electoral district
  Cuzner, RodgerRodger Cuzner Liberal Cape Breton—Canso
  Fraser, SeanSean Fraser Liberal Central Nova
  Casey, BillBill Casey Liberal Cumberland—Colchester
  Fisher, DarrenDarren Fisher Liberal Dartmouth—Cole Harbour
  Fillmore, AndyAndy Fillmore Liberal Halifax
  Regan, GeoffGeoff Regan Liberal Halifax West
  Brison, ScottScott Brison Liberal Kings—Hants
  Samson, DarrellDarrell Samson Liberal Sackville—Preston—Chezzetcook
  Jordan, BernadetteBernadette Jordan Liberal South Shore—St. Margaret's
  Eyking, MarkMark Eyking Liberal Sydney—Victoria
  Fraser, ColinColin Fraser Liberal West Nova

Ontario

Name Party Electoral district
  Mark Holland Liberal Ajax
  Carol Hughes NDP Algoma—Manitoulin—Kapuskasing
  Leona Alleslev Liberal Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill
  John Brassard Conservative Barrie—Innisfil
  Alex Nuttall Conservative Barrie—Springwater—Oro-Medonte
  Neil Ellis Liberal Bay of Quinte
  Nathaniel Erskine-Smith Liberal Beaches—East York
  Ramesh Sangha Liberal Brampton Centre
  Raj Grewal Liberal Brampton East
  Ruby Sahota Liberal Brampton North
  Sonia Sidhu Liberal Brampton South
  Kamal Khera Liberal Brampton West
  Phil McColeman Conservative Brantford—Brant
  Larry Miller Conservative Bruce—Grey—Owen Sound
  Karina Gould Liberal Burlington
  Bryan May Liberal Cambridge
  Pierre Poilievre Conservative Carleton
  Dave Van Kesteren Conservative Chatham-Kent—Leamington
  Julie Dzerowicz Liberal Davenport
  Yasmin Ratansi Liberal Don Valley East
  Geng Tan Liberal Don Valley North
  Rob Oliphant Liberal Don Valley West
  David Tilson Conservative Dufferin—Caledon
  Erin O'Toole Conservative Durham
  Marco Mendicino Liberal Eglinton—Lawrence
  Karen Vecchio Conservative Elgin—Middlesex—London
  Tracey Ramsey NDP Essex
  Borys Wrzesnewskyj Liberal Etobicoke Centre
  James Maloney Liberal Etobicoke—Lakeshore
  Kirsty Duncan Liberal Etobicoke North
  David Sweet Conservative Flamborough—Glanbrook
  Francis Drouin Liberal Glengarry—Prescott—Russell
  Lloyd Longfield Liberal Guelph
  Diane Finley Conservative Haldimand—Norfolk
  Jamie Schmale Conservative Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Brock
  David Christopherson NDP Hamilton Centre
  Bob Bratina Liberal Hamilton East—Stoney Creek
  Scott Duvall NDP Hamilton Mountain
  Filomena Tassi Liberal Hamilton West—Ancaster—Dundas
  Mike Bossio Liberal Hastings—Lennox and Addington
  Judy Sgro Liberal Humber River—Black Creek
  Ben Lobb Conservative Huron—Bruce
  Karen McCrimmon Liberal Kanata—Carleton
  Bob Nault Liberal Kenora
  Deb Schulte Liberal King—Vaughan
  Mark Gerretsen Liberal Kingston and the Islands
  Raj Saini Liberal Kitchener Centre
  Harold Albrecht Conservative Kitchener—Conestoga
  Marwan Tabbara Liberal Kitchener South—Hespeler
  Bev Shipley Conservative Lambton—Kent—Middlesex
  Scott Reid Conservative Lanark—Frontenac—Kingston
  Gord Brown Conservative Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes
  Irene Mathyssen NDP London—Fanshawe
  Peter Fragiskatos Liberal London North Centre
  Kate Young Liberal London West
  Jane Philpott Liberal Markham—Stouffville
  John McCallum Liberal Markham—Thornhill
  Bob Saroya Conservative Markham—Unionville
  Lisa Raitt Conservative Milton
  Omar Alghabra Liberal Mississauga Centre
  Peter Fonseca Liberal Mississauga East—Cooksville
  Iqra Khalid Liberal Mississauga—Erin Mills
  Sven Spengemann Liberal Mississauga—Lakeshore
  Navdeep Bains Liberal Mississauga—Malton
  Gagan Sikand Liberal Mississauga—Streetsville
  Chandra Arya Liberal Nepean
  Kyle Peterson Liberal Newmarket—Aurora
  Vance Badawey Liberal Niagara Centre
  Rob Nicholson Conservative Niagara Falls
  Dean Allison Conservative Niagara West
  Marc Serré Liberal Nickel Belt
  Anthony Rota Liberal Nipissing—Timiskaming
  Kim Rudd Liberal Northumberland—Peterborough South
  John Oliver Liberal Oakville
  Pam Damoff Liberal Oakville North—Burlington
  Andrew Leslie Liberal Orléans
  Colin Carrie Conservative Oshawa
  Catherine McKenna Liberal Ottawa Centre
  David McGuinty Liberal Ottawa South
  Mauril Bélanger (until August 16, 2016) Liberal Ottawa—Vanier
  Vacant
  Anita Vandenbeld Liberal Ottawa West—Nepean
  Dave MacKenzie Conservative Oxford
  Arif Virani Liberal Parkdale—High Park
  Tony Clement Conservative Parry Sound—Muskoka
  John Nater Conservative Perth—Wellington
  Maryam Monsef Liberal Peterborough—Kawartha
  Jennifer O'Connell Liberal Pickering—Uxbridge
  Cheryl Gallant Conservative Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke
  Majid Jowhari Liberal Richmond Hill
  Marilyn Gladu Conservative Sarnia—Lambton
  Terry Sheehan Liberal Sault Ste. Marie
  Arnold Chan Liberal Scarborough—Agincourt
  Salma Zahid Liberal Scarborough Centre
  John McKay Liberal Scarborough—Guildwood
  Shaun Chen Liberal Scarborough North
  Gary Anandasangaree Liberal Scarborough—Rouge Park
  Bill Blair Liberal Scarborough Southwest
  Kellie Leitch Conservative Simcoe—Grey
  Bruce Stanton Conservative Simcoe North
  Adam Vaughan Liberal Spadina—Fort York
  Chris Bittle Liberal St. Catharines
  Guy Lauzon Conservative Stormont—Dundas—South Glengarry
  Paul Lefebvre Liberal Sudbury
  Peter Kent Conservative Thornhill
  Don Rusnak Liberal Thunder Bay—Rainy River
  Patty Hajdu Liberal Thunder Bay—Superior North
  Charlie Angus NDP Timmins—James Bay
  Bill Morneau Liberal Toronto Centre
  Julie Dabrusin Liberal Toronto—Danforth
  Carolyn Bennett Liberal Toronto—St. Paul's
  Chrystia Freeland Liberal University—Rosedale
  Francesco Sorbara Liberal Vaughan—Woodbridge
  Bardish Chagger Liberal Waterloo
  Michael Chong Conservative Wellington—Halton Hills
  Celina Caesar-Chavannes Liberal Whitby
  Ali Ehsassi Liberal Willowdale
  Cheryl Hardcastle NDP Windsor—Tecumseh
  Brian Masse NDP Windsor West
  Michael Levitt Liberal York Centre
  Peter Van Loan Conservative York—Simcoe
  Ahmed Hussen Liberal York South—Weston

Prince Edward Island

Name Party Electoral district
  MacAulay, LawrenceLawrence MacAulay Liberal Cardigan
  Casey, SeanSean Casey Liberal Charlottetown
  Morrissey, BobbyBobby Morrissey Liberal Egmont
  Easter, WayneWayne Easter Liberal Malpeque

Quebec

Name Party Electoral district
  Romeo Saganash NDP Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou
  Christine Moore NDP Abitibi—Témiscamingue
  Mélanie Joly Liberal Ahuntsic-Cartierville
  Angelo Iacono Liberal Alfred-Pellan
  Stéphane Lauzon Liberal Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation
  Rémi Massé Liberal Avignon—La Mitis—Matane—Matapédia
  Maxime Bernier Conservative Beauce
  Sylvie Boucher Conservative Beauport—Côte-de-Beaupré—Île d'Orléans—Charlevoix
  Alupa Clarke Conservative Beauport—Limoilou
  Louis Plamondon Bloc Québécois Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel
  Steven Blaney Conservative Bellechasse—Les Etchemins—Lévis
  Matthew Dubé NDP Beloeil—Chambly
  Ruth Ellen Brosseau NDP Berthier—Maskinongé
  Emmanuel Dubourg Liberal Bourassa
  Denis Paradis Liberal Brome—Missisquoi
  Alexandra Mendès Liberal Brossard—Saint-Lambert
  Pierre Paul-Hus Conservative Charlesbourg—Haute-Saint-Charles
  Brenda Shanahan Liberal Châteauguay—Lacolle
  Denis Lemieux Liberal Chicoutimi—Le Fjord
  Marie-Claude Bibeau Liberal Compton—Stanstead
  Anju Dhillon Liberal Dorval—Lachine—LaSalle
  François Choquette NDP Drummond
  Diane Lebouthillier Liberal Gaspésie—Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine
  Steve MacKinnon Liberal Gatineau
  Marjolaine Boutin-Sweet NDP Hochelaga
  Pablo Rodríguez Liberal Honoré-Mercier
  Greg Fergus Liberal Hull—Aylmer
  Gabriel Ste-Marie Bloc Québécois Joliette
  Karine Trudel NDP Jonquière
  Mario Beaulieu Bloc Québécois La Pointe-de-l'Île
  Jean-Claude Poissant Liberal La Prairie
  Denis Lebel Conservative Lac-Saint-Jean
  Francis Scarpaleggia Liberal Lac-Saint-Louis
  David Lametti Liberal LaSalle—Émard—Verdun
  David Graham Liberal Laurentides—Labelle
  Hélène Laverdière NDP Laurier—Sainte-Marie
  Fayçal El-Khoury Liberal Laval—Les Îles
  Jacques Gourde Conservative Lévis—Lotbinière
  Sherry Romanado Liberal Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne
  Pierre Nantel NDP Longueuil—Saint-Hubert
  Joël Lightbound Liberal Louis-Hébert
  Gérard Deltell Conservative Louis-Saint-Laurent
  Marilène Gill Bloc Québécois Manicouagan
  Yves Robillard Liberal Marc-Aurèle-Fortin
  Luc Berthold Conservative Mégantic—L'Érable
  Simon Marcil Bloc Québécois Mirabel
  Michel Picard Liberal Montarville
  Luc Thériault Bloc Québécois Montcalm
  Bernard Généreux Conservative Montmagny—L'Islet—Kamouraska—Rivière-du-Loup
  Anthony Housefather Liberal Mount Royal
  Marc Garneau Liberal Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
  Thomas Mulcair NDP Outremont
  Justin Trudeau Liberal Papineau
  Xavier Barsalou-Duval Bloc Québécois Pierre-Boucher—Les Patriotes—Verchères
  Frank Baylis Liberal Pierrefonds—Dollard
  Will Amos Liberal Pontiac
  Joël Godin Conservative Portneuf—Jacques-Cartier
  Jean-Yves Duclos Liberal Québec
  Monique Pauzé Bloc Québécois Repentigny
  Alain Rayes Conservative Richmond—Arthabaska
  Guy Caron NDP Rimouski-Neigette—Témiscouata—Les Basques
  Linda Lapointe Liberal Rivière-des-Mille-Îles
  Rhéal Fortin Bloc Québécois Rivière-du-Nord
  Alexandre Boulerice NDP Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie
  Brigitte Sansoucy NDP Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot
  Jean Rioux Liberal Saint-Jean
  Stéphane Dion Liberal Saint-Laurent
  Nicola Di Iorio Liberal Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel
  François-Philippe Champagne Liberal Saint-Maurice—Champlain
  Anne Minh-Thu Quach NDP Salaberry—Suroît
  Pierre Breton Liberal Shefford
  Pierre-Luc Dusseault NDP Sherbrooke
  Michel Boudrias Bloc Québécois Terrebonne
  Ramez Ayoub Liberal Thérèse-De Blainville
  Robert Aubin NDP Trois-Rivières
  Peter Schiefke Liberal Vaudreuil—Soulanges
  Marc Miller Liberal Ville-Marie—Le Sud-Ouest—Île-des-Sœurs
  Eva Nassif Liberal Vimy

Saskatchewan

Name Party Electoral district
  Gerry Ritz Conservative Battlefords—Lloydminster
  Kelly Block Conservative Carlton Trail—Eagle Creek
  David L. Anderson Conservative Cypress Hills—Grasslands
  Georgina Jolibois NDP Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River
  Tom Lukiwski Conservative Moose Jaw—Lake Centre—Lanigan
  Randy Hoback Conservative Prince Albert
  Erin Weir NDP Regina—Lewvan
  Andrew Scheer Conservative Regina—Qu'Appelle
  Ralph Goodale Liberal Regina—Wascana
  Kevin Waugh Conservative Saskatoon—Grasswood
  Brad Trost Conservative Saskatoon—University
  Sheri Benson NDP Saskatoon West
  Robert Kitchen Conservative Souris—Moose Mountain
  Cathay Wagantall Conservative Yorkton—Melville

The North

Name Party Electoral district
  McLeod, MichaelMichael McLeod Liberal Northwest Territories
  Hunter Tootoo Liberal Nunavut
  Independenta
  Bagnell, LarryLarry Bagnell Liberal Yukon

Changes since the 42nd election

The party standings have changed as follows:

Membership changes

Membership changes in the 42nd Parliament
Date Name District Party Reason
  October 19, 2015 See List of Members Election day of the 42nd federal election
  March 23, 2016 Jim Hillyer Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner Conservative Died of an apparent heart attack.[2]
  May 31, 2016 Hunter Tootoo Nunavut Independent Left Cabinet and the Liberal caucus to undergo addiction treatment.[3]
  August 16, 2016 Mauril Bélanger Ottawa—Vanier Liberal Died of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.[4]
  August 26, 2016 Stephen Harper Calgary Heritage Conservative Resigned.[5]
  September 23, 2016 Jason Kenney Calgary Midnapore Conservative Resigned to enter provincial politics.[6]

Standings

The party standings in the House of Commons have changed as follows:

October 19, 2015 – present
Number of members
per party by date
2015 2016
Oct 19 Mar 23 May 31 Aug 16 Aug 26 Sep 22 Oct 24
Liberal 184 183 182
Conservative 99 98 97 96 97
New Democratic 44
Bloc Québécois 10
Green 1
Independent 0 1
  Total members 338 337 336 335 334 335
Government Majority 30 31 30 29 30 31 30
Vacant 0 1 2 3 4 3

References

  1. Members of Parliament.
  2. "Alberta Conservative MP Jim Hillyer dies at age 41". The Toronto Star. March 23, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
  3. "Hunter Tootoo suddenly resigns from Liberal cabinet to seek treatment for addiction". CBC News. June 1, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
  4. "Liberal MP Mauril Bélanger dies at 61". CTV News. August 16, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  5. Fekete, Jason. "With little fanfare, Stephen Harper resigns after more than 17 years in Canadian politics". Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  6. John Paul Tasker (September 22, 2016). "Kenney bids adieu to Parliament Hill after 20 years". CBC News. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
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