Material properties (thermodynamics)

Thermodynamics
The classical Carnot heat engine
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Book:Thermodynamics

The thermodynamic properties of materials are intensive thermodynamic parameters which are specific to a given material. Each is directly related to a second order differential of a thermodynamic potential. Examples for a simple 1-component system are:

• Compressibility (or its inverse, the bulk modulus)

• Isothermal compressibility

• Adiabatic compressibility

• Specific heat (Note - the extensive analog is the heat capacity)

• Specific heat at constant pressure

• Specific heat at constant volume

• Coefficient of thermal expansion

where P  is pressure, V  is volume, T  is temperature, S  is entropy, and N  is the number of particles.

For a single component system, only three second derivatives are needed in order to derive all others, and so only three material properties are needed to derive all others. For a single component system, the "standard" three parameters are the isothermal compressibility , the specific heat at constant pressure , and the coefficient of thermal expansion .

For example, the following equations are true:

The three "standard" properties are in fact the three possible second derivatives of the Gibbs free energy with respect to temperature and pressure.

See also

• List of materials properties (thermal properties)
• Heat capacity ratio
• Statistical mechanics
• Thermodynamic equations
• Thermodynamic databases for pure substances
• Heat transfer coefficient
• Latent heat
• Specific heat of melting (Enthalpy of fusion)
• Specific heat of vaporization (Enthalpy of vaporization)
• Thermal mass

External links

• The Dortmund Data Bank is a factual data bank for thermodynamic and thermophysical data.
• thermodynamic databases for pure substances.

References

• Callen, Herbert B. (1985). Thermodynamics and an Introduction to Thermostatistics (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-86256-8.