List of the first female holders of political offices in Asia
Main article: List of the first female holders of political offices
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Afghanistan
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
- Minister of Social Affairs – Anahita Ratebzad – 1978
- Minister of Education – Anahita Ratebzad – 1979
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
- Governor – Habiba Sorabi – 2005
- Mayor – Azra Jafari, (Nili) – 2008
Bahrain
- Member of the Council of Representatives – Lateefa Al Gaood – 2006 (first female MP in the Gulf region)
Bangladesh
- Prime Minister – Khaleda Zia – 1991–1996, 2001–2006
- Minister of Agriculture – Matia Chowdhury – 2009–2013, 2014–
- Minister of Home Affairs – Sahara Khatun – 2009–2013
- Minister of Foreign Affairs – Dipu Moni – 2009–2013
- Speaker of the Parliament[1] – Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury – 2013–
- Minister of Public Administration – Ismat Ara Sadek – 2014–
- Minister of State of Women and Children Affairs – Meher Afroz Chumki – 2014–
Bhutan
- Minister of Works and Human Settlement – Aum Dorji Choden – 2013
Cambodia
- Member of Parliament - Tong Siv Eng - 1958
- Secretary of State - Tong Siv Eng - 1959
- Minister of Social Action - Tong Siv Eng - 1961
China
Early Imperial China
- Empress Regent of China – Lü Zhi – 202 BC
Mid-Imperial China
- Empress Regnant of China- Wu Zetian – 690 AD
People's Republic of China
- Vice Chairperson of the Central People's Government – Soong Chingling – 1949
- Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference – Soong Chingling – 1954
- Vice Chairperson (Vice Head of State) – Soong Chingling – 1959
- Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress – Soong Ching-ling – 1959
- Chairperson (Co-acting Head of State) – Soong Ching-ling – 1968
- Vice Premier – Wu Guixian – 1975
- Honorary Chairperson (Head of State) – Soong Ching-ling – 1981
- State Councillor – Chen Muhua – 1982
East Timor
- Foreign minister (acting) – Adalgisa Magno Guterres – 2007
Hong Kong
- Chief Secretary – Anson Chan – 1993
- Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- President of the Legislative Council – Rita Fan – 1997
- Chief Secretary – Anson Chan – 1997
India
Central Government
British Raj
- Leader of a Major Party – Annie Besant – 1917
- Member of Provincial Legislative Assembly – Dr. Muthulaksmi Reddy – 1921
- Provincial Minister – Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit – 1938
- Member of Central Legislature – Radhabai Subbaroyan – 1937
- Member of National Defence Council – Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz – 1942[2]
- Minister of Health – Rajkumari Amrit Kaur – 1946
Dominion and Republic of India
- Prime Minister – Indira Gandhi – 1966
- President – Pratibha Patil – 2007
- Minister of Finance – Indira Gandhi – 1970
- Minister of Home Affairs – Indira Gandhi – 1970
- Minister of External Affairs – Indira Gandhi – 1967
- Minister of Defence – Indira Gandhi – 1975
- Minister of Information and Broadcasting – Indira Gandhi – 1964
- Minister of Railways – Mamata Banerjee – 2009
- Speaker of the Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Parliament) – Meira Kumar – 2009
- Leader of the Lok Sabha (Upper House of the Parliament) – Indira Gandhi – 1967
- Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Parliament) – Sonia Gandhi – 1999
- Ministry of Minority Affairs – Najma Heptullah – 2014
- Ministry of Women and Child Development – Mamata Banerjee – 2006
Andhra Pradesh
- Governor – Sharada Mukherjee – 1977
- Home Ministerof Andhra Pradesh- Sabita Indra Reddy
Assam
- Chief Minister – Anwara Taimur 1980
Bihar
- Chief Minister – Rabri Devi – 1997
Delhi
- Mayor of Delhi – Aruna Asaf Ali – 1958
- Chief Minister – Sushma Swaraj – 1998
Gujarat
- Governor – Sharada Mukherjee – 1978
Himachal Pradesh
- Governors – Sheila Kaul – 1995
Karnataka
- Governor – V.S. Ramadevi – 1999
Kerala
- Governor – Jothi Venkatachalam – 1977 [3]
Madhya Pradesh
- Chief Minister – Uma Bharati – 2003
Maharashtra
- Governor – Vijayalakshmi Pandit – 1963
Orissa
- Chief Minister – Nandini Satpathy – 1972
Punjab
Rajasthan
- Chief Minister – Vasundhara Raje – 2003
- Governor – Pratibha Patil – 2004 [4]
Tamil Nadu
- Chief Minister – Janaki Ramachandran – 1989
- Governor – Fatima Beevi – 1997
Uttarakhand
- Governor – Margaret Alva – 2009
Uttar Pradesh
- Governor – Sarojini Naidu – 1947
- Chief Minister – Sucheta Kriplani – 1963
West Bengal
- Governor – Padmaja Naidu – 1956
- Chief Minister – Mamata Banerjee – 2011
Indonesia
- Minister of Social Service – Maria Ulfah Santoso – 1946
- Minister of Manpower – Soerastri Karma Trimurti – 1947
- Minister of Agriculture – Justika Sjarifuddin Baharsjah – 1998
- Vice President – Megawati Sukarnoputri – 1999
- President – Megawati Sukarnoputri – 2001
- Minister of Trade – Rini Soemarno – 2001
- Minister of Health – Siti Fadilah Supari – 2004
- Governor – Ratu Atut Chosiyah – 2005
- Finance Minister – Sri Mulyani Indrawati – 2005
- Mayor of Surabaya – Tri Rismaharini – 2010 – first female mayor of Surabaya who was elected directly after the 1998 reformation [5]
- Minister of Tourism – Mari Elka Pangestu – 2011 – The ministry fell under the name 'Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy'
- Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Cultural Affairs – Puan Maharani – 2014 – First Indonesian female to ever hold 'Coordinating Minister' post. [6]
- Foreign Minister – Retno Marsudi – 2014
- Minister of Environment and Forestry – Siti Nurbaya Bakar – 2014
- Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries – Susi Pudjiastuti – 2014
Iran
Sasanian Empire
- Monarch of Persia – Purandokht – 631
Imperial State
- Member of the Parliament – Maryam Rezaee – 1963
- Member of the Senate – Arezo Sediqi – 1964
- Minister of Education – Farrokhroo Parsa – 1968
- Mayor (Ahvaz) – Dabir Azam Hosna – 1970
- Minister of Women – Mahnaz Afkhami – 1976
Islamic Republic
- Advisor to President – Shahla Habibi – 1995
- Member of Cabinet – Massoumeh Ebtekar – 1997
- Vice President – Massoumeh Ebtekar – 1997
- Head of Environmental Protection Organization – Massoumeh Ebtekar – 1997
- Member of Board of the Parliament – Soheila Jolodarzadeh – 2000
- Minister – Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi – 2009
- Minister of Health – Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi – 2009
- Vice President in Legal Affairs – Elham Aminzadeh – 2013
- Spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Marzieh Afkham – 2013
- Ambassador – Marzieh Afkham – 2015
Iraq
- Minister of Municipalities – Naziha al-Dulaimi – 1959 (also first female government minister in the Arab world)
Israel
- Minister of Labor – Golda Meir – 1949
- Minister of Foreign Affairs – Golda Meir – 1955
- Prime Minister – Golda Meir – 1969
- Minister of Health – Shoshana Arbeli-Almozlino – 1986
- State Comptroller – Miriam Ben Porat – 1988
- State Attorney – Dorit Beinisch – 1989
- Minister of Education – Shulamit Aloni – 1992
- Minister of Environment – Ora Namir – 1992
- Minister of Communications – Shulamit Aloni – 1993
- Minister of Science and Culture – Shulamit Aloni – 1993
- Minister of Immigrant Absorption – Yuli Tamir – 1999
- Minister of Regional Cooperation – Tzipi Livni – 2001
- Minister of Commerce and Industry – Dalia Itzik – 2001
- Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development – Tzipi Livni – 2003
- Minister of Housing and Construction – Tzipi Livni – 2003
- Minister of Justice – Tzipi Livni – 2004
- Speaker of the Knesset – Dalia Itzik – 2006
- President (acting) – Dalia Itzik – 2007 [7]
Japan
- Queen of Yamatai – Himiko – 188 AD*
- Regent – Jingū of Japan – 209 AD*
- Empress – Empress Suiko – 592 AD
- First Grand Priestess of Ise Shrine – Yamatohime-no-mikoto – ca. 300 AD*
- Member of Parliament – Shidzue Katō – 1946
- Minister of Health and Welfare – Masa Nakayama – 1960
- Vice Chair of Political Party (Japan Socialist Party, 社会党) – Takako Doi – 1966
- Chair of Political Party (Japan Socialist Party, 社会党) – Takako Doi – 1986
- Mayor (Ashiya city) – Harue Kitamura – 1991
- President of House of Representatives of Japan – Takako Doi – 1993
- Governor of Osaka Prefecture – Fusae Ota – 2000
- Foreign minister – Makiko Tanaka – 2001
- Minister of the Environment – Yoriko Kawaguchi – 2001
- Governor of Kumamoto Prefecture – Yoshiko Shiotani – 2001
- Governor of Chiba Prefecture – Akiko Domoto – 2001
- Governor of Hokkaidō Prefecture – Harumi Takahashi – 2003
- Speaker of House of Councillors – Chikage Ogi – 2004
- Governor of Shiga Prefecture – Yukiko Kada – 2006
- Minister of Defense – Yuriko Koike – 2007
- Minister of Justice – Keiko Chiba – 2009
- Governor of Yamagata Prefecture – Mieko Yoshimura – 2009
- Mayor (Ōtsu city) – Naomi Koshi – 2012
- Governor of Tokyo Prefecture – Yuriko Koike – 2016
Jordan
- Minister of Social Development – Ina'am Al-Mufti – 1980
Kazakhstan
Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
- Foreign minister – Akmaral Arystanbekova – 1989
Kyrgyzstan
Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
Kyrgyz Republic
- Foreign minister – Roza Otunbayeva – 1992
- President – Roza Otunbayeva – 2010
Kuwait
- Minister – Massouma al-Mubarak – 2005.[8][9]
- Member of the National Assembly – Aseel al-Awadhi, Rola Dashti, Massouma al-Mubarak and Salwa al-Jassar – 2009.[10][11]
Lebanon
- Minister of Finance – Raya Haffar al-Hassan – 2009
Macau
Portuguese Macau
Special Administration of PRC China
- Secretary for Administration and Justice – Silva Chan
Malaysia
- Councillor of the Federal Legislative Council (elected) – Che Halimahton Abdul Majid – 1955
- Member of Parliament – Fatimah Hashim, Khadijah Sidek, Zainon Munshi Sulaiman – 1959
- Senator – Aishah Ghani – 1962
- Minister of Social Welfare – Fatimah Hashim – 1969 (first female Minister in Cabinet of Malaysia) [12]
- Minister of General Welfare – Aishah Ghani – 1973 [13]
- Minister of Public Enterprises – Rafidah Aziz – 1980
- Minister of Commerce and Industry – Rafidah Aziz – 1987
- Minister of International Trade and Industry – Rafidah Aziz – 1990 [14]
- Minister of National Unity and Social Development – Napsiah Omar – 1990 [15]
- Minister in the Prime Minister's Department – Siti Zaharah Sulaiman – 1999
- Minister of Women and Family Development – Shahrizat Abdul Jalil – 2001
- Minister of Women, Family and Community Development – Shahrizat Abdul Jalil – 2001
- Minister of Youth and Sports – Azalina Othman Said – 2004
- Minister of Tourism – Azalina Othman Said – 2008
- Minister of Women, Family and Community Development – Ng Yen Yen – 2008 (first female Chinese Minister in Cabinet of Malaysia) [16]
- Leader of the Opposition in the Malaysian Parliament – Wan Azizah Wan Ismail – 2008
- Deputy President of the Dewan Negara – Armani Mahiruddin – 2009
- Speaker of Selangor State Legislative Assembly – Hannah Yeoh – 2013 (first female Speaker in state legislature) [17]
Maldives
- Foreign minister (acting) – Mariyam Shakeela – 2013
Mongolia
Mongolian People's Republic
- Head of State (acting) – Sühbaataryn Yanjmaa – 1953
Mongolia
- Foreign minister – Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa – 1998
- Prime Minister (acting) – Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa – 1999
Myanmar
Burma
Myanmar
- Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement minister – Myat Myat Ohn Khin – 2012
- Education minister – Khin San Yi – 2014
- Science And Technology minister – Khin San Yi – 2015
- Foreign minister – Aung San Suu Kyi – 2016
- State Counsellor – Aung San Suu Kyi – 2016
Nepal
Kingdom
- Deputy Prime Minister – Shailaja Acharya – 1998
Republic
- Foreign minister – Sahana Pradhan – 2007
- President – Bidhya Devi Bhandari – 2015
Oman
- Government Minister – Rawya Saud Al Busaidi – 2004
- Minister of Higher Education – Rawya Saud Al Busaidi – 2004
Pakistan
Dominion
- Deputy Speaker – Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz – 1947
- Member of Parliament – Begum Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah – 1947
Republic
- Governor (of Sindh) (1973) – Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan[18]
- Chair of Major Political Party (Pakistan Peoples Party) – Nusrat Bhutto – 1979
- Minister of Population – Dr. Attiya Inayatullah – 1980
- Prime Minister – Benazir Bhutto – 1988 [19]
- Deputy Prime Minister – Nusrat Bhutto – 1980s
- Minister of Information – Syeda Abida Hussain – 1990
- Minister of Finance – Benazir Bhutto – 1993[20]
- Minister of Law and Human Rights – Shahida Jamil – 2002
- Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan – Fahmida Mirza – 2008
- Minister of Foreign Affairs – Hina Rabbani Khar – 2011
West Pakistan
West Pakistan was in existence from 1955 to 1970.
Balochistan
- Minister (1976) – Fazila Aliani[23]
- Minister of Health, Education and Social Welfare (1976) – Fazila Aliani[23]
Punjab
- Parliamentary Secretary (1951) – Begum Khudeja G.A. Khan[24]
Sindh
- Governor (1973) – Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan[18]
Palestine
- Minister of Higher Education and Research – Hanan Ashrawi – 1996
- Minister of Social Affairs – Intissar al-Wazir – 1995
- General Delegate of Palestine to the EU, Belgium and Luxembourg – Leila Shahid – 2006
- Mayor of Ramallah – Janet Mikhail – 2005
Philippines
Commonwealth
- Member of Congress – Elisa Ochoa – 1941
Republic
- Senator – Geronima Pecson – 1947[25]
- Secretary of Social Welfare - Asuncion A. Perez - 1948
- President – Corazon Aquino – 1986
- Secretary of Education – Lourdes Quisumbing – 1986
- Secretary of Agrarian Reform – Miriam Defensor Santiago – 1989
- Senate President pro temp ore – Leticia Ramos-Shahani − 1993
- Secretary of Tourism – Gemma Cruz-Araneta – 1998
- Vice President – Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo – 2001
- Senate Majority leader – Loren Legarda – 2001
- Secretary of Justice – Merceditas N. Gutierrez – 2002
- Secretary of Foreign Affairs – Delia Albert – 2003
- Secretary of National Defense – Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo – 2003 (concurrently as President of the Philippines)
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court – Maria Lourdes Sereno – 2012[26]
Singapore
South Korea
- Acting Prime Minister – Chang Sang – 2002
- Prime Minister – Han Myung-Sook – 2006
- President – Park Geun-hye – 2013
Sri Lanka
British Ceylon
- Member of the State Council – Adeline Molamure – 1931
- Member of Parliament – Florence Senanayake – 1947
- Senator – Adeline Molamure – 1947
Dominion
- Minister of Health – Vimala Wijewardene – 1956
- Minister of Foreign Affairs – Sirimavo Bandaranaike – 1960
- Minister of Defence – Sirimavo Bandaranaike – 1960
- Prime Minister – Sirimavo Bandaranaike – 1960 (first female Prime Minister in the world)
Republic
- Prime Minister – Chandrika Kumaratunga – 1993
- President – Chandrika Kumaratunga – 1994
Syria
- Minister of Culture – Najah al-Attar – 1976
- Vice President – Najah al-Attar – 2006
Taiwan
- Justice on the Supreme Court of the Republic of China – Chang Chin-lan – 1967
- Mayor of Chiayi City, first elected female city mayor – Hsu Shih-Hsien – 1967
- Minister of Finance, first appointed female minister – Shirley Kuo – 1988
- Vice President – Annette Lu – 2000
- Vice Premier – Yeh Chu-lan – 2004
- Minister of Transportation and Communications – Yeh Chu-lan – 2004
- President of National Assembly of the Republic of China – Yeh Chu-lan – 2005
- Secretary-General of the Office of the President – Yeh Chu-lan – 2005
- Mayor of Kaohsiung, first elected female mayor of a special municipality – Kiku Chen – 2006
- Chairperson of the Democratic Progressive Party, first elected female leader of a major party - Tsai Ing-Wen - 2008
- Vice President of the Legislative Yuan (Deputy Speaker of Parliament) – Hung Hsiu-chu – 2012
- President - Tsai Ing-Wen - 2016
Tannu Tuva
- Chairperson of the Presidium of the Little Hural (head of state) – Khertek Anchimaa-Toka – 1940
Thailand
- Member of Parliament – Orapin Chaiyakan – 1949[27][28]
- Minister of Transport – Lursakdi Sampatisiri – 1976 (the first female Minister)[29]
- Ministry of University Affairs (now defunct) – Wimonsiri Chamnanwet – 1976 (the first female Minister)[29]
- Minister for Office of the Prime Minister – Supatra Masdit – 1986[29]
- Minister of Public Health – Sudarat Keyuraphan – 2001[29]
- Minister of Culture – Uraiwan Thienthong – 2002[29]
- Minister of Labour – Uraiwan Thienthong – 2003[29]
- Deputy Speaker of House of Representatives – Lalita Lerksamran – 2005
- Minister of Agriculture and Cooperatives – Sudarat Keyuraphan – 2005[29]
- Minister of Energy – Poonpirom Liptapanlop – 2008[29]
- Minister of Natural Resources and Environment – Anongwan Thepsuthin – 2008[29]
- Vice President of Senate – Tassana Boontong – 2008[30]
- Minister of Commerce – Pornthiva Nakasai – 2008[29]
- Minister of Information and Communication Technology – Ranongrak Suwanchawee – 2008[29]
- Minister of Science and Technology – Kalaya Sophonpanich – 2008[29]
- Prime Minister – Yingluck Shinawatra – 2011[31][32]
- Minister of Defence – Yingluck Shinawatra – 2013
- Minister of Social Development and Human Security – Paweena Hongsakul – 2013
- Minister of Tourism and Sports – Kobkarn Wattanavrangkul – 2014
- Minister of Industry – Atchaka Sibunruang – 2015
Turkmenistan
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (part of the Soviet Union):
Uzbekistan
Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
- Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet – Yagdar Nasriddinova – 1959
Republic of Uzbekistan
- Foreign minister – Shakhlo Makhmudova – 1991
Vietnam
- Minister of Social Affairs, Health and the Disabled - Dương Quỳnh Hoa - 1975 (in North Vietnam 1969)
- Vice President - Nguyễn Thị Định - 1987
Yemen
- Ministry of State for Human Rights – Wahiba Fara’a – 2001
References
- ↑ "Shirin to become first woman Speaker". 29 April 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
- ↑ http://www.piia.org.pk/about-us/down-memory-lane/item/37-jahan-ara-shahnawaz
- ↑ Administrator. "Previous Governors". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ "Rajasthan gets its first woman Governor". The Hindu. 29 November 2004. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
- ↑ http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/surabaya-mayor-tri-rismaharini.html
- ↑ http://www.beritasatu.com/nasional/244212-jadi-menko-perempuan-pertama-dan-termuda-puan-terima-muri.html
- ↑ Dalia Itzik becomes acting president Jerusalem Post, 25 January 2007
- ↑ "Women In Gulf Politics: A Progress Report". The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. 28 June 2005.
- ↑ "Kuwait's woman minister sworn-in". BBC News. 20 June 2005.
- ↑ "Kuwait votes for first female MPs". BBC News. 17 May 2009. Retrieved 17 May 2009.
- ↑ "Women win parliamentary seats for first time in Kuwait". CNN. 17 May 2009. Retrieved 17 May 2009.
- ↑ "Official Portal of Malaysia National Archives". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ "Official Portal of Malaysia National Archives". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ te Velde, Dirk Willem (January 2000), Women in Politics:Voices from the Commonwealth, London: Commonwealth Secretariat, pp. 86–89, ISBN 978-0850925692
- ↑ "Portman College – Tan Sri Dato' Napsiah Omar". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ "Raising the bar – Features – The Star Online". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ "Subang Jaya rep Hannah Yeoh appointed first woman Speaker in Selangor – Nation – The Star Online". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- 1 2 Raana Liaquat Ali Khan Humsafar Retrieved 17 April 2011
- ↑ "Benazir Bhutto: Daughter of Tragedy" by Muhammad Najeeb, Hasan Zaidi, Saurabh Shulka and S. Prasannarajan, India Today, 7 January 2008
- ↑ Pakistan Retrieved 17 April 2011
- ↑ Provincial Assembly of West Pakistan Provincial Assembly of Punjab (PAP) Retrieved 17 April 2011
- ↑ also see Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan (Punjabi politician)
- 1 2 Opening Doors for Girls in Balochistan Province of Pakistan UNICEF 2003. Retrieved 17 April 2011
- ↑ Legislators Provincial Assembly of Punjab (PAP) Retrieved 17 April 2011
- ↑ "Geronima T. Pecson". Retrieved 23 November 2013.
- ↑ Conde, Chichi (24 August 2012). "Sereno is new Chief Justice". Interaksyon. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
- ↑ Sopchokchai, Orapin. Female Members of Parliament, Women's Political Participation at the National Level, Women's Political Participation in Thailand, TDRI Quarterly Review, Vol. 13, No. 4, December 1998, pp. 11–20
- ↑ Iwanaga, Kazuki. Women in Politics in Thailand, Working Paper No. 14, Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University, Sweden, 2005
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "ลำดับความเป็นมาของคณะรัฐมนตรีไทย". Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ↑ ทำเนียบรองประธานคนที่สอง
- ↑ "Yingluck, Pheu Thai win in a landslide". Bangkok Post. 3 July 2011.
- ↑ CNN, [Talking politics with Thailand's PM http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/12/17/ta.abhisit/index.html], 18 December 2008
See also
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