List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans
This is a list of the biological mothers of Ottoman sultans. There were thirty-six sultans of the Ottoman Empire in twenty-one generations. (During early days the title Bey was used instead of Sultan) Throughout 623-years history the sultans were the members of the same house, namely the House of Ottoman (Turkish: Osmanlı Hanedanı).
Mothers of the Ottoman Sultans
This list is distinct from the list of Valide Sultans of the Ottoman Empire. Valide Sultan was the title of the mother of the reigning sultan. The mothers who died before their sons’ accession to throne, never assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Hürrem, Hatice Muazzez, Emine Mihrişah,[1][2] Rabia Şermi,[3] and Nükhetsezâ.[4] On the other hand, step mothers who were not the biological mothers but raised the princes whose mothers had died assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Ayşe Seniyeperver[5] and Rahîme Piristû (Perestu). So there were Valide Sultans who were not the mothers, and there were mothers who were not the Valide Sultans.
The detailed list of the mothers
| Name | Titles | Maiden Name | Origin | Death | Son(s)[6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Halime حلیمہ |
Hātûn | Oghuz Turkic. Daughter of Mesud II | Osman I | ||
| Malhun | Hātûn | Mala | Ottoman Turkic. Born in Anatolia. Daughter of Sheikh Edebali or Ömer Bey, Anatolian Turkish Bey or Ömer Abdülaziz Bey, Seljuk Vizier of Anatolia |
November 1323 | Orhan |
| Nilüfer نیلوفر |
Valide Hātûn (1362 – 1383) |
Holofira | Byzantine Greek. Born in Bilecik | 1383 | Murad I |
| Gülçiçek گلچیچک |
Hātûn | Maria | Byzantine Greek | Bayezid I | |
| Devlet دولت |
Hātûn | Sultan | Oghuz Turkic of the Germiyan tribe. Born in Kütahya. Daughter of Süleyman Şah Çelebi |
January 1414 | Mehmed I |
| Emine | Valide Hātûn (1421 – 1449) |
Emine | Oghuz Turkic. Born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir | 1449 | Murad II |
| Hüma هما |
Valide Hātûn (1444 - 1446) |
Hatice Âlime | Undetermined (Serb or Italian) | September 1449 | Mehmed II |
| Sittişah[note 1] | Hātûn | Mükrime | Oghuz Turkic. Born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir | April 1467 | Bayezid II |
| Gülbahar گل بهار |
Hātûn | Ayşe | Oghuz Turkic. Born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir | 19 November 1505 | Selim I |
| Hafsa حفصه |
Hātûn (until 1520) Valide Sultân (1520 - 19 Mar 1534) |
Ayşe | Crimean Khanate princess. Daughter of Meñli I Giray, Crimean Khan[7][8] |
19 March 1534 | Suleiman I |
| Hürrem خُرَّم |
Haseki Sultân (1531 - 15 Apr 1558) |
Aleksandra or Anastazja Lisowska | Ruthenian (Ukrainian). Born in Kingdom of Poland. Daughter of Havyrlo Lisowski, Orthodox Christian priest[9] |
15 April 1558 | Selim II |
| Nurbanu نور بانو |
Haseki Sultân (7 Sep 1566 – 15 Dec 1574) Valide Sultân (15 Dec 1574 – 7 Dec 1583) |
Cecilia Venier-Baffo[10] or Rachel[11] | Undetermined (born in Páros, Republic of Venice or Jew) | 7 December 1583 | Murad III |
| Safiye صفیه |
Haseki Sultân (7 Dec 1583 – 15 Jan 1595) Valide Sultân (15 Jan 1595 – 22 Dec 1603) Sultân (22 Dec 1603 - 10 Nov 1618)(Sofia Baffo) |
unknown | Albanian[12] | 10 November 1618 | Mehmed III |
| Handan | Valide Sultân (22 Dec 1603 - 26 Nov 1605) |
(Helena) | unknown[13] | 26 November 1605 | Ahmed I |
| Halime Sultan | Valide Sultân (22 Nov 1617 - 26 Feb 1618) and (19 May 1622 - 10 Sep 1623) |
( Altunsah) | Abkhaz[14] |
1623 | Mustafa I |
| Mahfiruz Hatice | Sultân | (Eudoxia) | unknown[13] / Serb[15] | 26 October 1620 | Osman II |
| Mahpeyker Kösem | Haseki Sultân (26 Nov 1605 – 22 Nov 1617) Sultân (22 Nov 1617 - 10 Sep 1623) Valide Sultân (10 Sep 1623 - 3 Sep 1651) Naib-i-Sultanat (10 Sep 1623 – 1632) and (8 Aug 1648 – 3 Sep 1651) |
Anastasia | Greek. Born on Tinos, Republic of Venice | 3 September 1651 | Murad IV Ibrahim I |
| Turhan Hatice | Baş Haseki Sultân (2 Jan 1642 – 12 Aug 1648) Valide Sultân (3 Sep 1651 – 4 Aug 1683) Naib-i-Sultanat (3 Sep 1651 – 1656) |
Nadia | Ruthenian (Ukrainian) | 4 August 1683 | Mehmed IV |
| Saliha Dilaşub | Üçüncü Haseki Sultân (until 12 Aug 1648) Valide Sultân (8 Nov 1687 - 4 Dec 1689) |
Katarina | unknown[13] / Serb[16][17] | 4 December 1689 | Süleyman II |
| Hatice Muazzez | İkinci Haseki Sultân (until 12 Aug 1648) Sultân (12 Aug 1648 - 1687) |
Eva | unknown[13] / Polish Jew. Born in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
1687 | Ahmet II |
| Rabia Gülnuş | Haseki Sultân (5 Jul 1683 - 8 Nov 1687) Valide Sultân (6 Feb 1695 - 6 Nov 1715) |
Evmania Voria | Cretan Greek.[13] Born in Rethymno, Republic of Venice | 6 November 1715 | Mustafa II Ahmed III |
| Saliha Sabkati | Valide Sultân (20 Sep 1730 – 21 Sep 1739) |
Alexandra | unknown[13] / Greek. Born in Constantinople[18] | 21 September 1739 | Mahmud I |
| Şehsuvar | Valide Sultân (13 Dec 1754 – 16 Apr 1756) |
Maria | Russian[13] / Serb[19][20] | 16 April 1756 | Osman III |
| Mîhr-i Şâh[21] | İkinci Kadın | Jeanette | unknown[13] / French | 1762[21] | Mustafa III |
| Rabia Şermî[3] | Sultân | Ida | unknown[13] / Circassian or French | 1732 | Abdülhamid I |
| Mîhr-i Şâh | İkinci Kadın (1761 – 21 Jul 1764) Baş Kadın (21 Jul 1764 – 21 Jan 1774) Valide Sultân (7 Apr 1789 – 16 Oct 1805) |
Agnes | Georgian[22] | 16 October 1805 | Selim III |
| Nükhet-Sedâ[4] | Baş İkbâl (until 7 Apr 1789) |
Undetermined (Georgian) | 4 June 1850 | Mustafa IV | |
| Bezm-î Âlem | Üçüncü Kadın (1822 – 1832) İkinci Kadın (1832 – 1 Jul 1839) Valide Sultân (2 Jul 1839 – 2 May 1853) |
Georgian[13] | 2 May 1853 | Abdülmecid | |
| Pertev-Nihâl | Valide Sultân (25 Jun 1861 – 30 May 1876) |
Hasna Khater | Circassian[23] | 5 February 1883 | Abdülaziz |
| Şevk-Efzâ شوق افزا |
Üçüncü Kadın (1 Aug 1839 - 1849) İkinci Kadın (1849 - 25 Jun 1861) Valide Sultân (30 May 1876 - 31 Aug 1876) |
Vilma/Zaurum | Circassian,[24][25] of the Ubykh tribe. | 17 September 1889 | Murad V |
| Tîr-î Müjgan[26][27] | Dördüncü Kadın (1841 - 1849) Üçüncü Kadın (1849 - 3 Oct 1852) |
Virgin | Circassian, of the Shapsug tribe | 3 October 1852 | Abdülhamid II |
| Gül-Cemâl گلجمال |
Dördüncü Kadın | Sofia[28][29] or Hatice | Bosnian (Christian). Born in Bosnia Eyalet[30] | 29 December 1895 or 16 November 1851 | Mehmed V |
| Gülüstü Münire | Dördüncü Kadın (1860 - May 1861) |
Fatma Chachba | Abkhazian, of the Shervashidze or Chachba dynasty. Born in Sukhumi, Principality of Abkhazia[31][32] |
May 1861 | Mehmed VI |
See also
Notes
- ↑ Identity of Bayezid II's mother is undetermined. There are two main theories, that she was Emine Gülbahar Hatun or Sitti Mükrime Hatun
References
- ↑ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 355.
- ↑ "Sultan III. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- 1 2 Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 363.
- 1 2 Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 387 & 395.
- ↑ "Sultan IV. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ The sources don't agree on the names of the biological mothers of Mustafa I and Mahmut II
- ↑ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 186.
- ↑ Kasaba, Reşat. A moveable empire: Ottoman nomads, migrants, and refugees. University of Washington Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-295-80149-0.
Hafsa Sultan, the daughter of the Crimean ruler Mengli Giray Khan.
- ↑ Yermolenko, Galina I (2013). Roxolana in European Literature, History and Culture. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 275. ISBN 978-1-409-47611-5.
- ↑ Goodwin, Godfrey (2001). The Private World of Ottoman Women. Saqi Book. p. 128. ISBN 0-86356-745-2.
- ↑ Valeria Heuberger, Geneviève Humbert, Geneviève Humbert-Knitel, Elisabeth Vyslonzil, Cultures in Colors, page 68. ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001
- ↑ Peirce 1993, p. 94.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83
- ↑ "Mother Of Mustafa I". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation).
- ↑ İnal 2005, p. 27: [Osman II's mother the Serbian Evdoksiya known as Mahfiruz Sultan].
- ↑ İnal 2005, p. 27: Siileyman'in annesi Sirp Katrin yani Dilasiip Hatun.
- ↑ Meram 1977, p. 325.
- ↑ Meram 1977, p. 347.
- ↑ Meram 1977, p. 355: İkinci Mustafa'nın (Şehsuvar Sultan) takma adlı câriyesi Sırp kızı Mari'den doğan oğlu Üçüncü Osman ve yeni Pâdişâh anaları (1754-1757).
- ↑ İnal 2005, p. 27: Osman'in annesi Sirp Mari yani §ehsiivar Sultan.
- 1 2 Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. p. 303. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
- ↑ E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. 1987. pp. 1117–. ISBN 90-04-08265-4.
- ↑ Alpgüvenç, Can (2013). "Pertevniyal Valide Sultan". Hayırda Yarışan Hanım Sultanlar (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Kaynak Kültür Yayınları. Retrieved 24 Apr 2016.
- ↑ Açba, Harun (2007). "Bölüm 2: Sultan I. Abdülhamid Han Ailesi". Kadınefendiler: Son Dönem Osmanlı Padişah Eşleri (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Prolil Yayıncılık. p. 28.
- ↑ Turkish Historical Society XXXI. Türk Tarih Kurumu Osmanlı Tarihi Interaktif CD-ROM
- ↑ "Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 505.
- ↑ "Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 519.
- ↑ Harun Açba (2007). Kadın efendiler: 1839-1924. Profil. p. ?. ISBN 978-975-996-109-1.
- ↑ "Sultan VI. Mehmed Vahdettin Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ↑ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 535.
Sources
- Bahadıroğlu, Yavuz (2007). Resimli Osmanlı tarihi. Nesil yayınları. ISBN 978-975-269-299-2.
- Bahadıroğlu, Yavuz (2009). Resimli Osmanlı tarihi (15 ed.). Nesil yayınları.
- İnal, Günseli (2005). Semiramis: Sultan'ın gözünden şenlik. YKY. ISBN 978-975-08-0928-6.
- Meram, Ali Kemal (1977). Padişah anaları: resimli belgesel tarih romanı. Öz Yayınları.
- Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-508677-5.
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