List of most common surnames in Europe

This is a list of the most common surnames in Europe, sorted by country.

Notably absent from the list is Iceland, whose people use patronymics or matronymics but not surnames in the conventional sense. See Icelandic names.

Albania

2005
Surname	Meaning
Hoxha	Muslim imam
Prifti	Priest
Shehu	Bektashi order monk
Dushku	Type of tree
Dervishi	Dervish
Gurakuqi	Lit. red stone
Frashëri	A tree
Leka	Short for Alexander
Loshi (Loshaj)

Armenia

Rank	Name	Romanization	Meaning
1	Հովհաննիսյան	Hovhannisyan	Son of Hovhannes (John)
2	Հարությունյան	Harutyunyan	Son of Harutyun ("resurrection")
3	Սարգսյան	Sargsyan	Son of Sargis
4	Խաչատրյան	Khachatryan	Son of Khachatur ("given by cross")
5	Գրիգորյան	Grigoryan	Son of Grigor (Gregory)

Austria

The forty most common surnames in Austria as published in 2006 are shown below beside the approximate percentage of the Austrian population sharing each surname.^[1]

Rank	Name	Meaning	Approximate percentage
1	Gruber	occupational name: miner	0.3991
2	Huber	occupational name: land-owning farmer	0.3873
3	Bauer	occupational name: farmer	0.3373
4	Wagner	occupational name: wainwright	0.3100
5	Müller	occupational name: miller	0.3012
6	Pichler		0.2753
7	Steiner	stone	0.2713
8	Moser	moss	0.2674
9	Mayer	occupational name: approximately farmer	0.2653
10	Hofer	occupational name: probably steward, property or horse maintenance, even blacksmith or related	0.2479
11	Leitner		0.2429
12	Berger	mountaineer	0.2383
13	Fuchs	fox	0.2250
14	Eder		0.2144
15	Fischer	occupational name: fisher	0.2141
16	Schmid	occupational name: blacksmith	0.2115
17	Winkler	occupational name: owner of a small shop	0.2015
18	Weber	occupational name: weaver	0.1995
19	Schwarz	black	0.1961
20	Maier	occupational name: approximately farmer	0.1946
21	Schneider	occupational name: tailor	0.1915
22	Reiter	occupational name: rider	0.1790
23	Mayr	occupational name: approximately farmer	0.1751
24	Schmidt	occupational name: blacksmith	0.1740
25	Wimmer		0.1628
26	Egger	occupational name: ploughman	0.1610
27	Brunner	water well	0.1602
28	Lang	long	0.1599
29	Baumgartner	tree gardener	0.1586
30	Auer		0.1555
31	Binder	occupational name cooper	0.1458
32	Lechner		0.1435
33	Wolf	wolf	0.1395
34	Wallner		0.1394
35	Aigner	allodial title	0.1386
36	Ebner		0.1342
37	Koller		0.1301
38	Lehner	a function in feudalism	0.1268
39	Haas		0.1261
40	Schuster	occupational name: shoemaker	0.1168
41	Heilig	name of the just man	0.1161

Azerbaijan

Rank[2]	Name	Romanization	Meaning
1	Məmmədov	Mammadov	"Son of Mammad"
2	Əliyev	Aliyev	"Son of Ali"
3	Həsənov	Hasanov	"Son of Hasan"
4	Hüseynov	Huseynov	"Son of Hüseyn"
5	Quliyev	Guliyev	"Son of Qulu"
6	Hacıyev	Hajiyev	"Son of Haji"
7	Rəsulov	Rasulov	"Son of Rasul"
8	Süleymanov	Suleymanov	"Son of Suleyman"
9	Musayev	Musayev	"Son of Musa"
10	Abbasov	Abbasov	"Son of Abbas"
11	Babayev	Babayev	"Son of Baba"
12	Vəliyev	Valiyev	"Son of Vali"
13	Orucov	Orujov	"Son of Oruc"; Oruc also means "fasting"
14	İsmayılov	Ismayilov	"Son of Ismayil"
15	Ibrahimov	Ibrahimov	"Son of Ibrahim"

Belarus

Statistics available for Belarusian capital Minsk only:^[3]

Rank	Surname in Russian	Surname in Belarusian	Romanization	Population
1	Иванов	Іваноў	Ivanoŭ	7,000
2	Козлов	Казлоў	Kazloŭ	4,700
3	Ковалёв	Кавалёў	Kavalioŭ	4,300
4	Козловский	Казлоўскі	Kazloŭski	3,900
5	Новик	Новік	Novik	3,300

Belgium

Belgium is a European nation composed of three main regions: Flemish Region (Flanders), Walloon Region (Wallonia), and Brussels-Capital Region. The Flemish region has a Dutch language tradition, while the Walloon region has a French language tradition. These different linguistic backgrounds are reflected in differing frequencies of surnames, as shown in the table below. (data from 1 January 2008; total population: 10,666,866)^[4][5]

National Rank	Name	Number of people	Rank (Flanders)	Rank (Wallonia)	Rank (Brussels)
1	Peeters	32,657	1	67	2
2	Janssens	30,296	2	56	1
3	Maes	25,524	3	63	8
4	Jacobs	19,999	4	97	4
5	Mertens	18,518	6	72	5
6	Willems	18,498	5	68	17
7	Claes	16,553	7		43
8	Goossens	15,883	9		15
9	Wouters	15,732	8		35
10	De Smet	14,259	10		25
13	Dubois	12,975		1	3
17	Lambert	11,802		2	11
21	Dupont	10,369		4	12
31	Martin	9,008		3	10
37	Simon	7,774		5	13

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosniaks

Serbs

The following names are the most common names for Serbs from Bosnia.^[6]

Bulgaria

Feminized names included (m. Dimitrov - f. Dimitrova).

Croatia

Rank[7][8][9]	Frequency	Surname	Surname derivation[10]
1	7004216180000000000♠21,618	Horvat	ethnic name for a Croat
2	7004151600000000000♠15,160	Kovačević	patronymic, from kovač "blacksmith"
3	7004128400000000000♠12,840	Babić	matronymic, or nickname, from baba "(old) woman", "grandmother"
4	7004115550000000000♠11,555	Marić	1. matronymic, from Mara - short variant of Marija "Mary"; 2. patronymic, from Maro - short variant of Marije "Marius" or Marijan "Marianus"
5	7004111630000000000♠11,163	Jurić	patronymic, from Jure or Juro - regional variants of Juraj "George"
6	7004107940000000000♠10,794	Novak	1. a newcomer, from novy "new"; 2. topographic name, for peasant who settled on newly cleared land
7	7004105460000000000♠10,546	Kovačić	patronymic, from kovač "blacksmith"
8	7004103340000000000♠10,334	Knežević	from knez "prince" or "duke"
9	7004101910000000000♠10,191	Vuković	patronymic, from Vuk - ancient Slavic name meaning "wolf"
10	7003985400000000000♠9,854	Marković	patronymic, from Marko "Marcus"
11	7003961400000000000♠9,614	Petrović	patronymic, from Petar and Peter
12	7003996000000000000♠9,960	Matić	patronymic, from Matija "Matthias" or Matej "Matthew"; or possibly from their short variants Mate or Mato
13	7003946400000000000♠9,464	Tomić	patronymic, from Tomo or Toma "Thomas"
14	7003860100000000000♠8,601	Pavlović	patronymic, from Pavao, Pavle, and Pavel "Paul"
15	7003854200000000000♠8,542	Kovač	occupational name, from kovač "blacksmith"
16	7003825800000000000♠8,258	Božić	patronymic, from Božo (from bozhy meaning of God)
17	7003815200000000000♠8,152	Blažević	patronymic, from Blaž lat. Blasius "Blaise"
18	7003801000000000000♠8,010	Grgić	patronymic, from Grga or Grgo - short variants of Grgur "Gregory"
19	7003753800000000000♠7,538	Pavić	patronymic, from Pavo - short or regional variant of Pavao "Paul"
20	7003740600000000000♠7,406	Radić	patronymic, from Rade (Slavic name meaning happy)
21	7003735100000000000♠7,351	Perić	patronymic, from Pero (Peter)
22	7003732100000000000♠7,321	Filipović	patronymic, from Filip
23	7003718400000000000♠7,184	Šarić
24	7003713100000000000♠7,131	Lovrić	patronymic, from Lovro (Lawrence)
25	7003698600000000000♠6,986	Vidović	patronymic, from Vid (Vitus)
26	7003690300000000000♠6,903	Perković	patronymic, from Perko (Peter)
27	7003679700000000000♠6,797	Popović	patronymic, from Pop (priest)
28	7003676000000000000♠6,760	Bošnjak	ethnic name for a Bosniak
29	7003665300000000000♠6,653	Jukić	patronymic, from Juko or Juka - regional variants of Juraj "George"
30	7003641700000000000♠6,417	Barišić	patronymic, from Bariša - short or regional variant of Bartol, Bartul, Bartolomej "Bartholomew"

Czech Republic

Feminized names are included (m. Novák/f. Nováková). Figures are from 2009 and provided by Czech Ministry of the Interior.

Statistic of the Czech Republic surnames^[11][12][13]

Rank	Name	Meaning	Number of males	Number of females
1	Novák/Nováková	new man/woman	34,168	35,558
2	Svoboda/Svobodová	freeholder	25,292	26,569
3	Novotný/Novotná	newman	24,320	25,328
4	Dvořák/Dvořáková	grange owner	22,299	23,445
5	Černý/Černá	black man/woman	17,813	18,504
6	Procházka/Procházková	walker	16,074	16,817
7	Kučera/Kučerová	curly man/woman	15,187	15,689
8	Veselý/Veselá	cheerful, merry man/woman	12,882	13,494
9	Horák/Horáková	highlander	12,165	12,796
10	Němec/Němcová	German	11,192	11,563

Denmark

Nineteen of the twenty most common Danish surnames as of 1 January 2016 are patronymic, the only exception being Møller (Miller).^[14]

1. Nielsen – 255,138
2. Jensen – 254,675
3. Hansen – 213,339
4. Pedersen – 161,074
5. Andersen – 157,753
6. Christensen – 118,117
7. Larsen – 114,711
8. Sørensen – 109,746
9. Rasmussen – 93,723
10. Jørgensen – 87,466
11. Petersen – 78,329
12. Madsen – 63,723
13. Kristensen – 60,116
14. Olsen – 47,579
15. Thomsen – 39,117
16. Christiansen – 36,656
17. Poulsen – 31,874
18. Johansen – 31,001
19. Møller – 30,059
20. Mortensen – 29,258

Estonia

Data from 2008.^[15]

Names of Estonian origin:

Rank	#	Surname	Meaning
1	5,241	Tamm	oak
2	4,352	Saar	island/ash (tree)
3	3,624	Sepp	smith
4	3,613	Mägi	hill, mountain
5	2,847	Kask	birch
6	2,728	Kukk	rooster
7	2,265	Rebane	fox
8	2,165	Ilves	lynx
9	1,933	Pärn	linden tree
10	1,882	Koppel	paddock

Names of Russian origin:

Rank	#	Surname
1	6,789	Ivanov
2	3,402	Smirnov
3	3,153	Vassiljev
4	2,932	Petrov
5	2,339	Kuznetsov
6	1,968	Mihhailov
7	1,927	Pavlov
8	1,909	Semjonov
9	1,862	Andrejev
10	1,845	Aleksejev

Faroe Islands

The 20 most common surnames in the Faroe Islands as published in 2009 are shown below beside the number of people of the Faroese population sharing each surname.^[16]

Rank Name Number of individuals 1 Joensen 2,512 2 Hansen 2,339 3 Jacobsen 2,169 4 Olsen 1,784 5 Poulsen 1,400 6 Petersen 1,312 7 Johannesen 1,091 8 Thomsen 722 9 Nielsen 682 10 Johansen 584

Rank Name Number of individuals 11 Rasmussen 565 12 Simonsen 543 13 Djurhuus 528 14 Jensen 523 15 Danielsen 518 16 Mortensen 488 17 Mikkelsen 457 18 Dam 433 19 Højgaard 429 20 Andreasen 420

Finland

Rank	Surname	Meaning	Population	Percentage[17]
1	Korhonen	of bad hearing	23,312	0.425
2	Virtanen	virta = stream	23,020	0.420
3	Mäkinen	mäki = hill	21,014	0.383
4	Nieminen	niemi = cape	20,969	0.382
5	Mäkelä	hill place	19,538	0.356
6	Hämäläinen	Tavastian, comes from Tavastia	19,129	0.349
7	Laine	wave	18,752	0.342
8	Heikkinen	first name Heikki, "Henry", "Henrik"	17,926	0.327
9	Koskinen	koski = rapids	17,737	0.324
10	Järvinen	järvi = lake	16,802	0.306
11	Lehtonen	lehto = grove	16,649	0.304
12	Lehtinen	lehti = leaf	15,602	0.285
13	Saarinen	saari = island	15,295	0.279
14	Salminen	salmi = strait	15,087	0.275
15	Heinonen	heinä = hay	14,957	0.273
16	Niemi	cape	14,951	0.273
17	Heikkilä	first name Heikki, "Henry", "Henrik"	14,558	0.266
18	Kinnunen	from Swedish word skinnare = skinner	14,319	0.261
19	Salonen	salo = backwoods	14,270	0.260
20	Turunen	turku = market, selling place, nowadays only the name of a city	13,802	0.252
21	Salo	backwoods	13,487	0.246
22	Laitinen	laita = side, margin	13,085	0.239
23	Tuominen	tuomi = bird cherry	12,852	0.234
24	Rantanen	ranta = shore, beach	12,834	0.234
25	Karjalainen	Karelian, comes from Karelia	12,830	0.234
26	Jokinen	joki = river	12,514	0.228
27	Mattila	first name Matti, "Matt", "Mathew", -la = place	12,330	0.225
28	Savolainen	Savonian, comes from Savonia	11,592	0.211
29	Lahtinen	lahti = bay	11,470	0.209
30	Ahonen	aho = meadow	11,238	0.205

Most of the names on this list are typical examples of surnames that were adopted when modern surnames were introduced in the late 19th and early 20th centuries In the romantic spirit, they refer to natural features: virta "river", koski "rapids", mäki "hill", järvi "lake", saari "island" — often with the suffix -nen added after the model of older, mainly eastern Finnish surnames such as Korhonen and Heikkinen. "Hämäläinen" literally means an inhabitant of Häme. The suffix -nen is an adjective ending.

Most common Swedish surnames in Finland

Rank	Surname	Population	Percentage[17]
1	Johansson	8,679	0.158
2	Nyman	7,552	0.138
3	Lindholm	7,382	0.135
4	Karlsson	7,096	0.129
5	Andersson	6,403	0.117

France

Rank[18]	#	Surname
1	235,846	Martin
2	105,132	Bernard
3	95,998	Dubois
4	95,387	Thomas
5	91,393	Robert
6	90,689	Richard
7	88,318	Petit
8	84,252	Durand
9	78,868	Leroy
10	78,177	Moreau
11	76,655	Simon
12	75,307	Laurent
13	74,564	Lefebvre
14	74,318	Michel
15	68,720	Garcia
16	61,762	David
17	59,817	Bertrand
18	59,440	Roux
19	57,351	Vincent
20	57,047	Fournier
21	56,760	Morel
22	55,642	Girard
23	55,228	André
24	53,670	Lefèvre
25	53,622	Mercier
26	53,405	Dupont
27	51,543	Lambert
28	50,999	Bonnet
29	50,612	François
30	49,762	Martinez

Georgia

Rank	Name	Romanization	Total Number[19] (2013)
1	ბერიძე	Beridze	28,289
2	მამედოვი	Mamedovi	27,662
3	კაპანაძე	Kapanadze	18,966
4	ალიევი	Alievi	18,687
5	გელაშვილი	Gelashvili	18,128
6	მაისურაძე	Maisuradze	16,175
7	გიორგაძე	Giorgadze	13,994
8	ლომიძე	Lomidze	12,995
9	წიკლაური	Tsiklauri	12,869
10	ბოლქვაძე	Bolkvadze	12,306

Germany

Rank	Surname	Meaning	Percentage[20]
1	Müller	occupational name: miller	0.95[21]
2	Schmidt	occupational name: blacksmith (lit. "smith")	0.69[22]
3	Schneider	occupational name: tailor	0.40
4	Fischer	occupational name: fisher	0.35
5	Meyer	occupational name: approximately farmer, originally estate administrator (lit. "mayor")	0.33[23]
6	Weber	occupational name: weaver	0.30
7	Schulz	occupational name: approximately constable or mayor	0.27
8	Wagner	occupational name: wainwright, worn-down form of 'wagoner', one who makes wagons/wheels	0.27
9	Becker	occupational name: baker	0.27
10	Hoffmann	occupational name: approximately man of the court	0.26

Greece

Rank	Surname	Meaning[24]
1	Papadopoulos (Παπαδόπουλος)	a priest's adopted son
2	Vlahos / Vlachos (Βλάχος)	a Vlach (a minority group related to Romanians)
3	Angelopoulos (Αγγελόπουλος)	son of Angelos (a first name)
4	Nikolaidis (Νικολαΐδης)	son of Nikolaos
5	Georgiou (Γεωργίου)	(son/daughter) of Georgios
6	Petridis (Πετρίδης)	son of Petros
7	Athanasiadis (Αθανασιάδης)	son of Athanasios
8	Dimitriadis (Δημητριάδης)	son of Dimitrios
9	Papadakis (Παπαδάκης)	priest's son
10	Panagiotopoulos (Παναγιωτόπουλος)	son of Panagiotis
11	Papantoniou (Παπαντωνίου)	(son/daughter) of priest Antonios
12	Antoniou (Αντωνίου)	(son/daughter) of Antonios

The majority of Greek names are patronymic. There are also several names derived from professions (Samaras, Σαμαράς = saddle maker, Papoutsis, Παπουτσής = shoe maker), area of (former) residence (Kritikos, Κρητικός = from Crete, Aivaliotis, Αϊβαλιώτης= from Ayvalik), nicknames relating to physical or other characteristics (Kontos, Κοντός = short, Mytaras, Μυταράς = large-nosed, Koufos, Κουφός = deaf) and more.

The patronymic suffix varies between dialects; thus Giannidis, Giannakis, Giannopoulos, Giannelis, Giannioglou all mean "son of Giannis."^[25]

Hungary

Rank[26][27]	#	Surname	Meaning	Origin
1	235,400 (2.4%)	Nagy	Tall	Hungarian
2	228,210 (2.3%)	Horváth	Croat	Croatian
3	217,359 (2.2%)	Kovács	Smith (occupational name)	Slavic
4	209,549 (2.1%)	Szabó	Tailor (occupational name)	Hungarian
5	206,954 (2.1%)	Tóth	Slavic (non-Orthodox)	Germanic or Hungarian
6	137,847 (1.4%)	Varga	Leatherworker (occupational name)	Hungarian
7	131,435 (1.3%)	Kiss	Short	Hungarian
8	106,942 (1.1%)	Molnár	Miller (occupational name)	Croatian
9	91,878 (0.9%)	Németh	German/Germanic	Slavic
10	83,188 (0.8%)	Farkas	Wolf	Hungarian
11	80,575 (0.8%)	Balogh	Left-handed	Hungarian
12	52,766 (0.5%)	Papp	Priest (occupational name)	Latin
13	52,131 (0.5%)	Takács	Weaver (occupational name)	Slavic
14	51,224 (0.5%)	Juhász	Shepherd (occupational name)	Hungarian
15	47,151 (0.5%)	Lakatos	Locksmith (occupational name)	Romanian
16	40,079 (0.4%)	Mészáros	Butcher (occupational name)	Croatian[28]
17	38,330 (0.4%)	Oláh	Vlach/Romanian	Germanic
18	37,960 (0.4%)	Simon	Simon	Hebrew
19	35,008 (0.4%)	Rácz	Serb, South Slavic	South Slavic
20	34,496 (0.3%)	Fekete	Black(-haired)	Hungarian

2,095,788 individuals (21% of the population) bear the most common 20 names, and 3,347,493 individuals (33.5%) bearing the top 100 names.

Republic of Ireland

The prevalence of some of these names is the result of more than one distinct Irish language names being represented by the same anglicised version.

#	Surname	Modern Irish	Original Irish	Meaning
1	Murphy	Ó Murchú	Ó Murchadha Mac Murchaidh	Descendant of Murchadh (a personal name meaning "Sea hound/warrior")
2	(O')Kelly	Ó Ceallaigh		Descendant of Ceallach ("strife")
3	(O')Sullivan	Ó Súilleabháin		Descendant of Súilleabhán ("dark-eyed one", "one-eyed" or "hawk-eyed")
4	Walsh	Breathnach	Breatnach	"Breton", "Welshman"
5	Smith	Mac Gabhann		Son of a smith
6	O'Brien	Ó Briain		Descendant of Brian
7	(O')Byrne	Ó Broin		Descendant of Bran
8	(O')Ryan	Ó Riain	Ó Riain Ó Maoilriain Ó Ruaidhín	Descendant of Rian (possibly meaning "king") Descendant of Maoilriaghan ("bald king") Descendant of Ruaidhín ("little red-haired one")
9	O'Connor	Ó Conchobhair		Descendant of Conchobhar ("hound/chief assistance")
10	O'Neill	Ó Néill		Descendant of Niall (possibly meaning "cloud", "passionate" or "champion")
11	(O')Reilly	Ó Raghallaigh		Descendant of Raghallach
12	Doyle	Ó Dubhghaill		Descendant of Dubhghall ("dark-haired foreigner")
13	McCarthy	Mac Cárthaigh		Son of Cárthach ("loving")
14	(O')Gallagher	Ó Gallchóir	Ó Gallchobhair	Descendant of Gallchobhar ("foreign assistance")
15	(O')Doherty	Ó Dochartaigh		Descendant of Dochartach ("hurtful")
16	Kennedy	Ó Cinnéide	Ó Ceannéidigh	Descendant of Cinnéide ("ugly head")
17	Lynch	Ó Loingsigh		Descendant of Loingseach ("longboat")
18	Murray	Ó Muireadhaigh	Mac Muireadhaigh Mac Giolla Mhuire	Descendant of Muireadhach ("chieftain") Descendant of a servant of Mary
19	(O')Quinn	Ó Cuinn/Coinne		Descendant of Conn ("hound/chief")
20	(O')Moore	Ó Mórdha		Descendant of Mórdha ("majestic")

Names starting with O' and Mac/Mc were originally patronymic. Of the names above, with the exception of Smith and Walsh, all originally began with O' or Mac/Mc but many have lost this prefix over time. Mac/Mc, meaning Son, and Ó, meaning From, are used by sons born into the family. In the case of a daughter being born into the family she would use Ní/Nic, for example Ó Muireadhaigh becomes Ní Mhuireadhaigh. A woman who marries into the family and takes her husband's name uses Uí/Mic- e.g. Uí Mhuireadhaigh.^[29][30]

Italy

From Gens website.^[31]

Rank	Name	Meaning
1	Rossi	Red-haired (plural) (Central and Northern Italy)
2	Russo	Russian (Southern Italy)
3	Ferrari	Blacksmith
4	Esposito	Exposed (abandoned by parents)
5	Bianchi	White, fair-skinned or white-haired (plural)
6	Romano	Roman, from Rome
7	Colombo	Dove, used in reference to orphans
8	Ricci	Curly (Northern Italy)
9	Marino	Sailor, seaman
10	Greco	Greek
11	Bruno	Brown haired
12	Gallo	Literally "rooster", probably from the medieval name Gallo
13	Conti	Count, nobleman (plural)
14	De Luca	(Son of) Luke
15	Mancini	Left handed (plural)
16	Costa	Literally "coast", inhabitant of the coast
17	Giordano	Jordan, from the Latin cognomen Iordanus
18	Rizzo	Curly (Southern Italy)
19	Lombardi	Lombards, from Lombardy
20	Moretti	Black-haired (plural)
21	Barbieri	Barber (plural)
22	Fontana	Fountain (Toponymic surname)
23	Santoro	All Saints' Day (from Latin name Santi or Ognisanti, derived from festum Omnium Sanctorum)
24	Mariani	From the name Mario (plural)
25	Rinaldi	From the name Rinaldo of Germanic origin (powerful advisor)
26	Caruso	Sicilian for "boy"

Kosovo

Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the Brussels Agreement. Kosovo has received recognition as an independent state from 110 out of 193 United Nations member states.

Surname
Zogaj
Gashi
Krasniqi
Morina
Kelmendi
Beqiri
Jakupi
Kastrati
Avdiu
Shala
Ademi
Sejdiu
Hoxha

Latvia

Rank[32][33]	Surname	Meaning
1	Bērziņš	birch (diminutive)
2	Kalniņš	hill (diminutive)
3	Ozoliņš	oak (diminutive)
4	Jansons	son of Jānis (Germanized)
5	Ozols	oak
6	Liepiņš	linden (diminutive)
7	Krūmiņš	bush (diminutive)
8	Balodis	pigeon
9	Eglītis	fir (diminutive)
10	Zariņš	branch (diminutive)
11	Pētersons	son of Pēteris (Germanized)
12	Vītols	willow
13	Kļaviņš	maple (diminutive)
14	Kārkliņš	willow (diminutive form of Kārkls)
15	Vanags	hawk

Lithuania

Lithuania[34]
2015
Rank	Men	Women[note 1]
1	Kazlauskas	Kazlauskienė
2	Jankauskas	Jankauskienė
3	Petrauskas	Petrauskienė
4	Stankevičius	Stankevičienė
5	Vasiliauskas	Vasiliauskienė
6	Butkus	Butkutė
7	Žukauskas	Žukauskienė
8	Paulauskas	Paulauskienė
9	Urbonas	Urbonienė
10	Kavaliauskas	Kavaliauskienė

Luxembourg

Out of 236,000 entries in the EDITUS phone book:

Rank[35]	#	Surname
1	1929	Schmit
2	1473	Muller
3	1380	Weber
4	1335	Hoffmann
5	1300	Wagner
6	1027	Thill
7	939	Schmitz
8	793	Schroeder
9	712	Reuter
10	706	Klein
11	674	Becker
12	660	Kieffer
13	650	Kremer
14	610	Faber
15	556	Meyer
16	550	Schneider
17	543	Weiss
18	538	Schiltz
19	537	Simon
20	533	Welter
21	504	Hansen
22	496	Majerus
23	467	Ries
24	459	Meyers
25	451	Kayser
26	441	Steffen
27	438	Krier
28	421	Braun
29	411	Wagener
30	405	Diederich

Malta

Rank[36]	%	#	Surname
1	3.3	13,169	Borg
2	3.1	12,643	Camilleri
3	2.9	11,785	Vella
4	2.9	11,549	Farrugia
5	2.3	9,424	Zammit
6	2.1	8,519	Galea
7	2.1	8,356	Micallef
8	1.9	7,828	Grech
9	1.8	7,340	Attard
10	1.8	7,233	Spiteri

Macedonia

Moldova

Rank	Surname	Meaning	Total number of families[37]
1	Rusu	from Rus	23,028
2	Ceban	shepherd	20,929
3	Ciobanu	shepherd	17,167
4	Țurcan	Turkish	16,984
5	Cebotari	shoemaker	15,464
6	Sîrbu	Serb	14,171
7	Lungu	long	14,090
8	Munteanu	from the mountain	13,904
9	Rotari	from roată = wheel	13,511
10	Popa	priest	12,923
11	Ursu	bear	11,456
12	Guțu	dove	11,433
13	Roșca	red-haired, ginger	11,194
14	Melnic	miller	10,632
15	Cojocari	coat crafter	10,526

Netherlands

See also: Dutch name and List of Dutch family names

The most recent complete count of surnames in the Netherlands is based on the September 2007 county registrations.

Rank	Name	Number in 2007	Percent	Number in 1947	English equivalent or (when lacking) meaning
1	De Jong	86,534	0.53%	55,256	Young
2	Jansen	75,699	0.46%	49,213	Johnson
3	De Vries	73,157	0.45%	49,298	the Frisian
4	Van den Berg *	60,130	0.37%	37,678	of/from the mountain
5	Van Dijk, Van Dyk	57,944	0.35%	36,578	of/from the dike
6	Bakker	56,864	0.35%	37,483	Baker
7	Janssen	55,394	0.34%	32,824	Johnson
8	Visser	50,929	0.31%	34,721	Fisher
9	Smit	43,493	0.27%	29,783	Smith
10	Meijer, Meyer	41,497	0.25%	28,256	Bailiff or steward
11	De Boer	39,576	0.24%	25,662	Farmer
12	Mulder	37,250	0.23%	24,665	Miller
13	De Groot	37,221	0.23%	24,724	The big/great/large
14	Bos	36,478	0.22%	23,790	Bush or Woods
15	Vos	31,154	0.19%	19,461	Fox
16	Peters	30,864	0.19%	18,583	Peters
17	Hendriks	30,199	0.18%	18,538	Henderson
18	Van Leeuwen	28,774	0.18%	17,754	From Leeuwen/Leuven; Levi (leeuwen is the plural of lion)
19	Dekker	28,682	0.17%	18,782	Thatcher
20	Brouwer	26,224	0.16%	17,468	Brewer
21	De Wit	24,904	0.15%	15,156	White
22	Dijkstra	24,175	0.15%	15,647	(Frisian) of/from the dike
23	Smits	23,816	0.15%	15,151	Smith
24	De Graaf	21,699	0.13%	13,718	The count/earl/administrator
25	Van der Meer	21,354	0.13%	13,011	of/from the lake

If closely related names are combined, the top 15 become:

	Name	Number of people
1	Jansen, Janssen, Janse	135,003
2	de Jong, de Jonge, de Jongh, Jong	108,240
3	Smit, Smits, Smid, de Smit, Smet, Smith	76,604
4	de Vries, Vries, de Vriese	74,058
5	vd Berg, vd Bergh, vd Berge, vd Bergen*	69,080
6	Visser, Visscher, Vissers, de Visser	68,952
7	van Dijk, van Dyk, Dijk, van Dijck	64,070
8	Bakker, Bekker, de Bakker, Backer	62,183
9	de Boer, Boer, den Boer, van de Boer	57,072
10	Mulder, Muller, Müller, Mulders, de Mulder	52,394
11	Peters, Peeters, Pieters, Peterse, Peter	52,389
12	vd Veen, vd Ven, van Veen, van 't Veen *	49,935
13	Bos, Bosch, de Bos	47,995
14	Meijer, Meyer, Meijers	47,761
15	de Groot, Groot, de Groote	47,511

* "vd" stands for "van de", "van den", or "van der"

Source: Nederlands Repertorium van Familienamen, Meertens-Instituut, 1963-2009. Data can be viewed in the Corpus of Family Names in the Netherlands See specifically De top 100 van de familienamen in Nederland (Dutch)

Names ending in -stra or -ma are usually of Frisian origin. For example, Terpstra, Bijlsma, Halsema.

Names ending in -ink or -ing are usually of Low Saxon origin. For example, Hiddink, Roeterdink, Mentink.

Norway

Rank[38]	#	Surname
1	53,011	Hansen
2	50,088	Johansen
3	49,303	Olsen
4	37.869	Larsen
5	37,206	Andersen
6	35,402	Pedersen
7	34,941	Nilsen
8	23,595	Kristiansen
9	23,079	Jensen
10	21,330	Karlsen
11	20,755	Johnsen
12	20,226	Pettersen
13	19,241	Eriksen
14	18,133	Berg
15	14,392	Haugen
16	14,126	Hagen
17	13,387	Johannessen
18	12,139	Andreassen
19	11,925	Jacobsen
20	11,540	Dahl
21	11,481	Jørgensen
22	11,477	Halvorsen
23	11,364	Henriksen
24	11,282	Lund

Poland

Rank	Surname	Meaning	Population[39]
1	Nowak	"newman"	207,348
2	Kowalski	from kowal "smith"	140,471
3	Wiśniewski	from wiśnia "cherry"	111,174
4	Wójcik	from wójt, a noun describing chief officer of a municipality (gmina), from a popular name Wojciech; from the word "wojak" (warrior)	100,064
5	Kowalczyk	from kowal "smith", literally "smith's son"	98,739
6	Kamiński	from kamień "stone"	95,816
7	Lewandowski	from lawenda "lavender"	93,404
8	Zieliński	from zielony "green"; from zioło, ziele "herb"	91,522
9	Szymański	from Szymon, equivalent to Simon	89,698
10	Woźniak	from woźny, "usher"	89,015
11	Dąbrowski	from dąbrowa "oak grove"	87,304
12	Kozłowski	from kozioł "buck"	76,657
13	Jankowski	from Janek, a diminutive of John	69,280
14	Mazur	Formerly, 'a Mazury person'	68,090
15	Kwiatkowski	from kwiatek "flower (dim.)"	66,917
16	Wojciechowski	from the name Wojciech; from the word "wojak" (warrior)	66,879
17	Krawczyk	from krawiec "tailor", "tailor's son"	64,543
18	Kaczmarek	from karczmarz "innkeeper"	62,399
19	Piotrowski	from Piotr (Peter)	61,844
20	Grabowski	from grab "hornbeam" or grabarz 'gravedigger"	59,052

Polish names which end with -ski or -cki have both male and female forms - Kamiński / Kamińska, Wielicki / Wielicka, etc. This needs to be considered when taking a count by, for instance, scanning a telephone book. Historically, -ski, cognate with English -ish and French -esque, was a particle of nobility, like German von.

Portugal

The 50 most frequent surnames in Portugal are:^[40][41]

Order	Surname	Meaning	Frequency %	Frequency (in 1000)
1	Silva	woodland	9.44%	995
2	Santos	saints	5.96%	628
3	Ferreira	blacksmith	5.25%	553
4	Pereira	pear tree	4.88%	514
5	Oliveira	olive tree	3.71%	391
6	Costa	[from the] coast	3.68%	387
7	Rodrigues	son of Rodrigo	3.57%	376
8	Martins	son of Martim	3.23%	340
9	Jesus	Jesus	2.99%	315
10	Sousa	[from] Sousa (toponym)	2.95%	311
11	Fernandes	son of Fernando	2.82%	297
12	Gonçalves	son of Gonçalo	2.76%	291
13	Gomes	son of Gome/Gomo	2.57%	271
14	Lopes	son of Lopo	2.52%	265
15	Marques	son of Marcos	2.51%	265
16	Alves	abbreviated form of Álvares, son of Álvaro	2.37%	250
17	Almeida	toponymic	2.27%	239
18	Ribeiro	from the riverside	2.27%	239
19	Pinto		2.09%	220
20	Carvalho	oak tree	1.97%	208
21	Teixeira	toponymic, yew tree related	1.69%	178
22	Moreira	mulberry	1.54%	162
23	Correia		1.53%	161
24	Mendes	son of Mendo	1.39%	146
25	Nunes	son of Nuno	1.32%	139
26	Soares	son of Soeiro	1.28%	135
27	Vieira	scallop	1.2%	127
28	Monteiro		1.11%	117
29	Cardoso	spiny, having to do with teazels	1.07%	113
30	Rocha	rock	1.04%	110
31	Neves	snows (devotion to Our Lady of the Snows)	0.98%	103
32	Coelho	rabbit	0.97%	102
33	Cruz	cross (of Jesus)	0.94%	99
34	Cunha	wedge	0.93%	98
35	Pires	son of Pero (Peter)	0.92%	97
36	Ramos	tree branches or related to Passover Friday	0.86%	91
37	Reis	devotion to the Three Kings ("Reis")	0.85%	90
38	Simões	son of Simão (Simon)	0.85%	90
39	Antunes	son of António	0.82%	86
40	Matos	bush	0.82%	86
41	Fonseca		0.81%	86
42	Machado	axe	0.76%	80
43	Araújo	toponymic	0.69%	73
44	Barbosa	toponymic	0.69%	72
45	Tavares	toponymic	0.67%	71
46	Lourenço	Laurent, related to laurels	0.65%	68
47	Castro	castrum	0.62%	66
48	Figueiredo		0.62%	65
49	Azevedo		0.60%	64
50	Freitas		0.60%	63

Romania

Rank[42]	Surname	Pronunciation	Meaning
1	Popa	[ˈpopa]	Priest
2	Popescu	[poˈpesku]	from Popa (Priest)
3	Pop	[pop]	short form of Popa
4	Radu	[ˈradu]	Happy
5	Dumitru	[duˈmitru]
6	Stan	[stan]	shortened form of Stanislav
7	Stoica	[ˈstojka]
8	Gheorghe	[ˈɡe̯orɡe]	form of George
9	Matei	[maˈtej]	Romanian form of Matthew
10	Ciobanu	[t͡ʃjoˈbanu]	Shepherd

Russia

See also: Список общерусских фамилий (in Russian Wikipedia)

The 20 most common widespread Russian surnames (for males) from the European part of Russia, as calculated by Balanovskaya et al. (2005):^[43]

Rank	Surname	Transliteration	Meaning	Percentage[43]
1	Смирно́в	Smirnov	obedient one's	1.61
2	Ивано́в	Ivanov	son of Ivan	1.30
3	Кузнецо́в	Kuznetsov	smith's	0.90
4	Попо́в	Popov	priest's son	0.79
5	Соколо́в	Sokolov	falcon's	0.73
6	Ле́бедев	Lebedev	swan's	0.65
7	Козло́в	Kozlov	he-goat's; metaphorically: bearded one	0.58
8	Но́виков	Novikov	newman's; see novik for historical details	0.54
9	Моро́зов	Morozov	frost's	0.53
10	Петро́в	Petrov	son of Pyotr	0.44
11	Во́лков	Volkov	wolf's	0.44
12	Соловьёв	Solovyov	nightingale's	0.44
13	Васи́льев	Vasilyev	son of Vasily	0.42
14	За́йцев	Zaytsev	hare's	0.41
15	Па́влов	Pavlov	son of Pavel	0.39
16	Семёнов	Semyonov	son of Semyon	0.35
17	Го́лубев	Golubev	pigeon's	0.32
18	Виногра́дов	Vinogradov	grape's	0.32
19	Богда́нов	Bogdanov	son of Bogdan	0.31
20	Воробьёв	Vorobyov	sparrow's	0.30

Those Russian surnames that end with -ov/-ev or -in/-yn are originally patronymic or metronymic possessive adjectivals with the meaning "son of" or "daughter/wife of" (the feminine is formed with the -a ending - Smirnova, Ivanova, etc.). In older documents such surnames were written with the word syn "son", for example, Ivánov syn "John's son" or Il'yín syn "Elijah's son"; the last word was later dropped. Such names are roughly equivalent to the English or Welsh surnames Richardson or Richards.

The Russian equivalent of "Smith, Jones, and Brown" (that is, the generic most popular surnames) is Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov, or "Jones, Peters, and Isidores", although Sidorov is now ranked only 66th.^[43]

Serbia

Rank[44]	Surname	Cyrillic script	Meaning
1	Jovanović	Јовановић	Son of Jovan (John)
2	Petrović	Петровић	Son of Petar (Peter)
3	Nikolić	Николић	Son of Nikola (Nicholas)
4	Marković	Марковић	Son of Marko (Mark)
5	Đorđević	Ђорђевић	Son of Đorđe (George)
6	Stojanović	Стојановић	Son of Stojan (Stoyan)
7	Ilić	Илић	Son of Ilija (Elijah)
8	Stanković	Станковић	Son of Stanko (Stan)
9	Pavlović	Павловић	Son of Pavle (Paul)
10	Milošević	Милошевић	Son of Miloš (Milosh)

Slovakia

Rank[45][46]	#	Surname	Meaning	Origins
1	30,813	Horváth	"Croat"	Croatian through Hungarian
2	29,079	Kováč	"Blacksmith"	Slavic, Indo-European
3	21,650	Varga	"Leatherworker, cobbler"	Hungarian[27]
4	21,604	Tóth	"Slovak (Slav)"	Germanic through Hungarian[27][46]
5	19,341	Nagy	"Large/Tall"	Hungarian[27]
6	14,114	Baláž	"Blessed"	Hungarian via Latin Blasius and Old Church Slavonic "blessed", from Indo-European
7	13,998	Szabó	"Tailor"	Hungarian[27]
8	12,632	Molnár	"Miller"	Croatian through Hungarian[27]
9	10,872	Balog	"Left-handed"	Hungarian,[27] or from Slavic "marsh", or both
10	9,718	Lukáč	"Luke" Latin Lucas,	Greek

Note: The most common surnames in Slovakia are a mixture of Indo-European and the Ugric roots reflecting the 900-year-long coexistence of the Indo-European Slovaks and speakers of other Indo-European languages with Ugric Hungarians and the Croatians, under Hungarian assimilation pressure throughout the 19th century (see Magyarization, see History of Slovakia). In 1910 Hungarians made up one-third of the population of present-territory of Slovakia.^[47] Hungarians are currently an 8% minority^[46] in Slovakia due to population exchanges and Slovakization.^[48] (see Demographics of Slovakia). While ethnic Hungarians are relatively few in Slovakia, their large presence on the list of most common names reflects the intra-lingual frequency of the frequent names in Hungary.

Slovenia

Rank[49]	#	Surname	Meaning
1	11,196	Novak	new man; from a newly established farm
2	9,762	Horvat	Croat
3	5,640	Kovačič	son of blacksmith
4	5,585	Krajnc	from Carniola
5	5,019	Zupančič	son of farmer or the village elder
6	4,729	Potočnik	near stream
7	4,729	Kovač	blacksmith
8	3,957	Mlakar	near puddle
9	3,905	Kos	blackbird
10	3,885	Vidmar	farmer belonging to the ruler's estate
11	3,855	Golob	pigeon
12	3,506	Turk	Turk
13	3,421	Božič	Christmas
14	3,418	Kralj	King
15	3,285	Korošec	from Carinthia
16	3,256	Zupan	mayor (originally, village elder)
17	3,209	Bizjak	archaic term for refugee; usually applied to Slavic Christian families that had fled from the Ottoman Empire
18	3,136	Hribar	from the hill
19	3,069	Kotnik	from a remote area (literally, from a corner)
20	3,003	Kavčič
21	2,992	Rozman
22	2,873	Kastelic	from a castle
23	2,841	Oblak	cloud
24	2,828	Žagar	sawer
25	2,821	Petek	Friday
26	2,808	Hočevar	from Kočevje or from Gottschee County
27	2,807	Kolar
28	2,738	Košir
29	2,598	Koren
30	2,399	Klemenčič	son of Klemen

Spain

The top ten surnames cover about 20% of the population, with important geographical differences. The regional distribution of surnames within Spain was homogenized mostly through internal migrations, especially since 1950. Names typical of the old crown of Castile have become the most common all over the country. Most of the common Spanish surnames originating from Germanic first names were introduced in Spain during the fifth to seventh centuries by the Visigoths, so almost all are from the Visigoth tradition.

Source:^[50] - Data from December 1999. (2004 data confirmation of top 25)

Canary Islands

Rank	Name	Approximate percentage
1	González	4.79
2	Rodríguez	4.64
3	Hernández	4.01
4	Pérez	3.35
5	García	3.25
6	Martín	2.21
7	Santana	2.18
8	Díaz	1.86
9	Suárez	1.38
10	Sánchez	1.29
11	López	1.21
12	Cabrera	1.18
13	Ramos	0.88
14	Medina	0.87
15	Fernández	0.75
16	Morales	0.73
17	Delgado	0.70
18	Marrero	0.70
19	León	0.69
20	Alonso	0.61
21	Herrera	0.59
22	Cruz	0.58
23	Domínguez	0.55
24	Gutiérrez	0.52
25	Reyes	0.50
26	Torres	0.48
27	Alvarez	0.66
28	Rivero	0.44
29	Armas	0.42
30	Trujillo	0.40

Sweden

Source: World Family Names

Rank[51]	#	Surname	Mening
1	251,621	Andersson	son of Anders
2	251,495	Johansson	son of Johan
3	223,151	Karlsson	son of Karl
4	171,360	Nilsson	son of Nils
5	147,514	Eriksson	son of Erik
6	124,686	Larsson	son of Lars
7	114,280	Olsson	son of Olof, Olov, Ola, Ole or Olle (usually a nick name)
8	107,911	Persson	son of Per
9	101,834	Svensson	son of Sven
10	97,536	Gustafsson	son of Gustaf
11	96,011	Pettersson	son of Petter
12	73,869	Jonsson	son of Jon
13	50,170	Jansson	son of Jan
14	43,926	Hansson	son of Hans
15	34,302	Bengtsson	son of Bengt
16	32,249	Jönsson	son of Jöns
17	27,533	Lindberg	contraction of lind (the tree tilia cordata) and berg (mountain)
18	26,793	Jakobsson	son of Jakob
19	26,562	Magnusson	son of Magnus
20	26,424	Olofsson	son of Olof

List of the 10 most common names among the Sami people (compiled from one third of the Sametinget voting list 2005):^[52]

Rank	Surname	Meaning
1	Andersson	son of Anders
2	Johansson	son of Johan
3	Nilsson	son of Nils
4	Larsson	son of Lars
5	Persson	son of Per
6	Blind	? of Sami descent
7	Jonsson	son of Jon
8	Eriksson	son of Erik
9	Nutti	? of Sami descent
10	Labba	? of Sami descent

Switzerland

Surnames of the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino

Rank	Name
1	Bianchi
2	Bernasconi
3	Fontana
4	Crivelli
5	Galli
6	Cereghetti
7	Colombo
8	Rossi
9	Ferrari
10	Cavadini
11	Sante
12	Ravelli
13	Giovanni
14	Piero

German-speaking cantons (1998): Source:^[53]

Rank	#	Surname
1	31,000	Müller
2	19,150	Meier
3	16,900	Schmid
4	13,000	Keller
5	11,850	Weber
6	10,550	Huber
7	10,350	Meyer
8	10,300	Schneider
9	8,950	Steiner
10	8,200	Fischer
11	8,100	Brunner
12	8,000	Baumann
13	7,950	Gerber
14	7,750	Frei
15	7,500	Moser

Turkey

Rank	Name	Meaning
1	Yılmaz	unbeatable/dauntless
2	Kaya	rock
3	Demir	iron
4	Şahin	falcon
5	Çelik	steel
6	Yıldız	star
7	Yıldırım	thunderbolt
8	Öztürk	pure Turk
9	Aydın	enlightened
10	Özdemir	pure iron

Source: Turkish General Directorate of Population and Citizenships^[54]

Ukraine

Many of the surnames use the same root but different suffixes, or even different roots of the same meaning, depending on the part of Ukraine the person hails from.^[55]

Rank	Surname	Meaning
1	Melnyk	miller's
2	Shevchenko	shoemaker's
3	Boyko	tenacious/feisty
4	Kovalenko	smith's
5	Bondarenko	cooper's
6	Tkachenko	weaver's
7	Kovalchuk	smith's
8	Kravchenko	tailor's
9	Oliynyk	oil maker
10	Shevchuk	shoemaker's apprentice
11	Koval	smith
12	Polishchuk	from Polesia
13	Bondar	cooper
14	Tkachuk	weaver's
15	Moroz	frost
16	Marchenko	Mark's
17	Lysenko	fox's
18	Rudenko	red's
19	Savchenko	Savva's
20	Petrenko	Peter's

United Kingdom

England

Rank	Surname	Percentage[56]
1	Smith	1.26
2	Jones	0.75
3	Taylor	0.59
4	Brown	0.56
5	Williams	0.39
6	Wilson	0.39
7	Johnson	0.37
8	Davies	0.34
9	Robinson	0.32
10	Wright	0.32
11	Thompson	0.31
12	Evans	0.30
13	Walker	0.30
14	White	0.30
15	Roberts	0.28
16	Green	0.28
17	Hall	0.28
18	Wood	0.27
19	Jackson	0.27
20	Clarke	0.26

Greater London

The following list is for Greater London.^[57]

Northern Ireland

Data from University College London, Paediatric-Epidemiology Significance Surnames Paper. Numbers in brackets indicate percentages.

Scotland

Data from University College London, Paediatric-Epidemiology Significance Surnames Paper. Numbers in brackets indicate percentages.

Wales

Data from University College London, Paediatric-Epidemiology Significance Surnames Paper. Numbers in brackets indicate percentages.

See also

• Lists of most common surnames, for other continents

Notes

1. ↑ The Lithuanian language has different endings for surnames for men and women. The ending of a woman's surname indicates whether she is married or not. Last names of married women end in -ienė while those of unmarried girls end in -ytė, -iūtė, -utė, -aitė.

References