List of archaeological sites in Tennessee

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The Tennessee Division of Archaeology maintains a database of all archaeological sites recorded within the state of Tennessee. As of January 1, 2009 this catalog contains more than 22,000 sites, including both prehistoric and historic resources. In Tennessee, Prehistoric is generally defined as the time between the appearance of the first people in the region (c. 12,000 BC) and the arrival of the first European explorers (c. 1540 AD). The Historic period begins after the arrival of those Europeans and continues to the present. Both these periods are further divided into subperiods and phases using established archaeological conventions for the region.^[1]

The following list of archaeological sites in Tennessee encompasses sites that have either contributed substantially or have the potential to contribute substantially to research regarding people who have lived in what is now Tennessee. Note that a historical site is not necessarily an archaeological site. According to the Tennessee Division of Archaeology Site Survey Record, official site numbers are generally assigned to historic sites only if artifacts and/or historic documentation for that site support a pre–1933 date. Historical sites are included in the following list only if actual field work has been conducted at the site.

The term cultural affiliation refers to the archaeological period when a site was created and/or occupied. Many sites were occupied during more than one archaeological period, and are therefore known as multicomponent. An example of a multicomponent site would be American Civil War earthworks constructed at the same location as a prehistoric Mississippian village. The cultural affiliation category in the list below refers only to periods in which the most significant occupation or event (e.g., a battle) took place at the site.

Archaeological sites recorded in Tennessee are assigned State Trinomials consisting of letter and number combinations that indicate the state and county where the site is found, and includes a sequential number identifying the specific site. For example, the trinomial 40DV11 designates the eleventh archaeological site recorded in Davidson County (DV) , Tennessee (40) .

Legend for cultural affiliations:

Paleoindian^[2] — roughly 12,000 BC (and possibly earlier) to 8000 BC
Archaic — c. 8000 BC to 1000 BC
Woodland — c. 1000 BC - 1000 AD
Mississippian — c. 900 to 1600
Cherokee — affiliated with proto-historic and historic Cherokee occupation (c. 1600-1800)
British colonial — affiliated with Euro-American expansion, pre-1776.
American — affiliated with Euro-American occupation or events post-1776

The sites are listed alphabetically by county.

Anderson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Bull Bluff Site	40AN20	Woodland, Mississippian	1960s
Clinton Site	40AN74	Woodland	1990s
Cox Site		Mississippian	1934
Crawford Farm Mound	40AN21	Woodland	1930s
Freels Bend Site	40AN8	Woodland	1960s
Freels Cabin	40AN28	American pioneer	1977	DOE-owned
Freels Farm Mounds	40AN22	Woodland	1930s
University of Tennessee Farm Site	40AN2		1960s

Benton County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Carson-Conn-Short Site	40BN190	Paleo-Indian	1990s
Eva Site	40BN12	Archaic	1940	Submerged

Blount County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
	40BT47	Woodland, Mississippian	c. 1990
Apple Barn Site	40BT90	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian, Cherokee	1999–2001
Peter Cable Complex	40BT34	American pioneer		national park
Chestnut Flats	40BT133	Archaic, American pioneer		national park
Chilhowee	40BT7	Cherokee	1950s	Submerged
Gas Company Site	40BT94	Woodland	1999–2001
Gregory Cave	40BT141	Woodland, Mississippian		national park
Indian Grave Gap	40BT140			national park
Kinzel Springs Site	40BT89	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian, Cherokee	1999–2001
John Oliver Complex	40BT55	American pioneer	1980s	national park
Pony Ride Site	40BT91	Woodland, Mississippian, Cherokee, American	1999–2001
Sparks Bottom Site	40BT129	Archaic, Woodland		national park
Spence Field	40BT138			national park
Tallassee	40BT8	Cherokee	1950s	Submerged

Bradley County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated
Chatata
Ledford Island	40BY13	Mississippian	1930s
Rymer Site	40BY15	Mississippian

Campbell County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated
Bowman Farm Site	40CP2	Mississippian	1930s
Harris Farm Site	40CP9	Mississippian	1930s
Heatherly Stone Mounds	40CP1	Woodland	1930s
Irvin Village	40CP5	Mississippian	1930s
Saltpeter Cave	40CP3	Woodland	1930s

Cheatham County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Mound Bottom	40CH8	Mississippian	1970s	state archaeological site
Pack Site	40CH1	Mississippian	1930s
Patterson Forge	40CH87	American industry		state park

Chester County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Pierce Site	40CS24a	Paleo-Indian	1970s

Claiborne County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated
Ausmus Cave	40CE20	Mississippian	1930s
Cheek Site	40CE28	Archaic, Woodland
Doug Young Site	40CE56	Woodland
Essary Site	40CE40	Archaic
Tazewell Fortification	40CE109

Clay County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Stardust Sites I-III	40CY63-65	Archaic, Woodland	2001

Cocke County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Rankin Site	40CK6	Woodland	1960
Swaggerty Blockhouse	40CK201	American pioneer/American agricultural	2001	private property

Coffee County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Cascade Distillery Site	40CF237	American industry
Old Stone Fort	40CF1	Woodland	1966	state park

Davidson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
East Nashville Mounds	40DV4	Mississippian	1868, 1992
French Lick	40DV5	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian	1821, 1860s, 1880s, 1992, 2014	Mississippian features partially excavated during construction of First Tennessee Ball Park in 2014. Parts of the site are intact.
Widemeier Site	40DV9	Paleo-Indian, Archaic
Traveller's Rest	40DV11	Mississippian
Archaeological Site No. 40DV35	40DV35	Mississippian
First American Cave, Regions Center (Nashville)	40DV40	Ice Age fauna, Woodland	1971
Brick Church Mound and Village Site	40DV39	Mississippian	1877, 1969, 1971-2001	Destroyed for residential development
The Hermitage	40DV100	American plantation		Museum
The Ensworth School	40DV184	Paleoindian, Archaic, Mississippian	2003	Destroyed
Kelley's Battery	40DV392	Mississippian, American military
Drennon Site	40DV447	Archaic, Woodland
Hermitage Springs	40DV551	Archaic, Woodland

Fayette County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Lucky 7 Site	40FY436	Woodland

Giles County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)
Elk River Fortification	40GL54	American military
Johnson May Site	40GL85	Woodland
Parker's Pasture	40GL25	Mississippian

Greene County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Birdwell Site	40GN228	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
Davy Crockett Birthplace	40GN12	Woodland, American pioneer	1977	state park
Neas Site	40GN229	Archaic, Woodland
Samuel Doak Plantation	40GN257	American pioneer

Hamilton County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Audubon Acres	40HA84	Mississippian		owned by Audubon Society
Citico	40HA65	Mississippian	1915	threatened with housing development
Dallas Island	40HA1	Woodland, Mississippian	1930s	Submerged
David Davis Site	40HA301	Mississippian	2008	Destroyed for industrial development; location of material collected unknown
Hampton Place Archaeological Site	40HA146	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian		part of Moccasin Bend National Archaeological District, part of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
Hixon Site	40HA3	Mississippian	1930s
LeCroy Site	40HA43	Mississippian	1940s, 1950s
MacLellan Island	40HA64	Archaic, Woodland		owned by Audubon Society
Mallards Dozen Archaeological Site	40HA147	Archaic, Woodland		part of Moccasin Bend National Archaeological District, part of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
Moccasin Bend	40HA63	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian	1960s	National Archaeological District, part of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
Vulcan Archaeological Site	40HA140	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
Woodland Mound Archaeological District		Woodland		on state property

Hardeman County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Davis Bridge Battlefield	40HM106	American military

Hardin County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Status
Shiloh Battlefield Site	40HR179	American military	national military park
Shiloh Indian Mounds		Woodland, Mississippian	National historic landmark
Swallow Bluff Island Mounds	40HR16	Mississippian	Private

The Holliston Mills site, a Mississippian town in Upper East Tennessee, is located on the north bank of the Holston River south of Kingsport in Hawkins County, Tennessee. The site was excavated by members of the Tennessee Archaeological Society between 1968 and 1972. It was excavated in ten-foot blocks using six-inch levels, revealing a large late prehistoric (and perhaps protohistoric) town represented by at least two palisades, more than 660 burials, a large public structure, and several smaller domestic structures. The excavators initially reported the recovery of what they believed to be Cobb Island pottery in the plow zone and much Dallas material from the level excavations, but they also noted that the site had been looted prior to their excavations. There is little, if any, Cobb Island pottery, but there are some Pisgah ceramics.

Henderson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Parker's Crossroads Battlefield	40HE118	American military

Henry County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Obion Mounds	40HY14	Mississippian

Hickman County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)
Gordon Site		Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Woodland
Mayberry Site	40HI133	Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Woodland
Oldroy Site	40HI131	Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Woodland

Humphreys County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Status
Fairchance Furnace	40HS168	American industry
Johnsonville Battlefield		American military	State park
Link Farm Site	40HS6	Mississippian
Nuckolls Site	40HS60	Paleo-Indian

Jackson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated
Fort Blount	40JK125	American frontier, Middle Woodland	1989–1994
Austin Peay Bridge Site	40JK129	Archaic
Moore Bottom	40JK145	Archaic

Jefferson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Strawberry Plains Fortification	40JE41-44	American military
Zimmerman's Island	40JE2	Mississippian	1940s	Submerged

Johnson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Lake Hole Cave	40JN159	Mississippian	1990s	national forest

Knox County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Marble Springs		American pioneer		state historic site
Montgomery Site	40KN39	Woodland
Post Oak Island	40KN23	Mississippian		Submerged
Ramsey House	40KN120	American plantation	1995	Museum
Sevierville Hill Site	40KN142	American military
U.T. Agriculture Farm Mound	40KN16	Woodland
William Blount Mansion		American pioneer		National Historic Landmark

Lake County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Cremaillere Line Fortification	40LK54	American military
Foxhole Site	40LK10	Mississippian

Lauderdale County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Fort Pillow	40LA50	American military		state park

Loudon County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Bacon Farm Site	40LD35	Archaic	1976
Bat Creek Site	40LD24	Mississippian	1975	Partially submerged
Bussell Island	40LD17	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian, Cherokee	1970s	Location of Tellico Dam
Iddins Site	40LD38	Archaic	1970s
Kimberly-Clark Site	40LD208	Mississippian	1989
Loudon Fortification	40LD211-212, etc.	American military
Morganton	40LD105	American river town	1978	Submerged
Tipton-Dixon House	40LD179	Woodland
Wear Bend Site	40LD107	Cherokee	1970s	Submerged

Madison County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Cochran Site	40MD23	Archaic, Woodland	1970s	Grouped with Pinson Mounds
Denmark Mound Group	40MD85	Mississippian
Johnston Mound Complex	40MD3	Woodland
Pinson Mounds	40MD1	Woodland	1960s, 1970s, 1980s	state archaeological park

McMinn County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Mouse Creek Site	40MN3	Woodland, Mississippian	1930s, 1980s

McNairy County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Big Hill Pond Fortification	40MY95	American military
Wray's Bluff Fortification	40MY111	American military

Meigs County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Hiwassee Island	40MG31	Mississippian	1930s	state wildlife refuge

Monroe County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Bacon Bend Site	40MR25	Archaic, Woodland	1960s, 1970s	submerged
Calloway Island	40MR41	Archaic, Woodland	1970s	submerged
Chota	40MR2	Cherokee	1960s, 1970s	submerged; monument in raised area
Citico	40MR7	Mississippian, Cherokee	1970s	submerged
Fort Loudoun	40MR1	English colonial military	1930s, 1970s	original site raised with fill; fort reconstructed
Great Tellico/Chatuga	40MR12	Cherokee
Halfway Town	40MR8	Cherokee	1970s	submerged
Harrison Branch	40MR21	Archaic, Woodland	1970s	submerged
Icehouse Bottom	40MR23	Archaic, Woodland	1970s	submerged
Martin Farm Site	40MR20	Mississippian	1960s, 1970s	submerged
Mialoquo	40MR3	Cherokee	1970s	submerged
Rose Island	40MR44	Archaic, Woodland	1970s	submerged
Starnes-Kahite	40MR32	Cherokee	1960s
Tanasi	40MR62	Cherokee	1960s, 1970s	submerged; marked by monument
Tellico Blockhouse	40MR50	American military	1970s	state park
Tomotley	40MR5	Cherokee	1970s	submerged
Toqua	40MR6	Mississippian, Cherokee	1970s	submerged
Tuskegee	40MR24, 40MR64	Cherokee	1960s, 1970s	submerged
Virginia Fort	40MR71	English colonial military	1970s

Montgomery County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Status
Dunbar Cave	40MT43	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian	state park
Fort Defiance/Fort Bruce	40MT287	American military
Riverview Mounds	40MT44	Mississippian

Morgan County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Prison Hill Site	40MO161	Woodland, Mississippian		part of Brushy Mountain prison complex

Pickett County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Huddleston-Little Cabin	40PT38	American pioneer
Smyrna Schoolhouse	40PT39	American pioneer

Polk County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Ocoee	40PK1	Woodland, Mississippian, Cherokee	1930s
Hiwassee Old Town	40PK3	Woodland, Mississippian, Cherokee	1980s

Rhea County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Hiwassee Garrison Site	40RH35	American pioneer

Roane County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Davis-Noe Site	40RE137	Mississippian
Fort Southwest Point	40RE119	American military	1970s, 1980s	museum
Red Velvet Spider Rockshelter	40RE243	Woodland

Rutherford County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Stones River Battlefield	40RD177	American military		National battlefield
Sam Davis Home	40RD23	American plantation

Sevier County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated
Lawson Home Site	40SV51
McCroskey Island	40SV43	Mississippian	1980s
McMahan Mound Site	40SV1	Mississippian	1980s

Shelby County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Chucalissa	40SY1	Mississippian		state park
Hilderbrand House	40SY615	American plantation

Smith County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Battery Knob Earthworks	40SH134	American military
Beasley Mounds Site	40SM43	Mississippian culture	1895

Stewart County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Wells Creek Crater^[3]	40Sw73	Paleo Indian	1960s	Can drive through^[4]

LINVILLE CAVE (40SL24), SULLIVAN COUNTY, TENNESSEE

Eastman Rockshelter Sullivan County, TN

Sumner County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Bledsoe's Station	40SU32	American pioneer	1990s	Public park
Camp Trousdale Site	40SU107	American military
Castalian Springs	40SU14	Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
Rutherford-Kizer Mound Group	40SU15	Mississippian
Wynnewood	40SU75			state historic site

Tipton County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Island 35 Mastodon	40TP84	Pleistocene Faunal	1900	Destroyed

Van Buren County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Big Bone Cave	40VB103	Woodland, American

Warren County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Cardwell Mountain	40WR15	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
Myers Mound	40WR5	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian

Washington County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Plum Grove Archaeological Site (Jackson Farm Site)	40WG17	Woodland, Mississippian	1976- Current	Active

White County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated
Cherry Creek Mound	40WH65	Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
Indian Cave	40WH43	Woodland, Mississippian
Officer Cave	40WH98		1980s

Williamson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Anderson Site	40WM9	Archaic
Brentwood Library Site	40WM210	Mississippian
Carnton	40WM32	American plantation		national historic landmark
Coats-Hines Site	40WM31	Paleo-Indian	1995
Fewkes Group Archaeological Site	40WM1	Mississippian	1920, 1998	NHRP
Harpeth Furnace	40WM83	American industry
Kellytown	40WM10	Mississippian
Old Town Archaeological Site	40WM2	Mississippian		NHRP
Roper's Knob Fortifications	40WM101	American military
Triune Fortification	40WM106	American military

Wilson County

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Sellars Indian Mound	40WI1	Mississippian		Managed by Long Hunter State Park

Location not publicized

Site	Designation	Cultural affiliation(s)	Year(s) excavated	Status
Mud Glyph Cave		Mississippian	1980s

Notes

↑ Site data on file, Tennessee Division of Archaeology Site Survey Record, Nashville
↑ Although the Wikipedia entry for Paleoindian inserts a hyphen into the word, accepted scientific and archaeological nomenclature omits this punctuation; see links under Resources below for correct usage.
↑ Don W. Dragoo Archaeology of Eastern North America Vol. 1, No. 1 (SPRING 1973), pp. 1-56 Published by: Eastern States Archeological Federation Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40914129
↑ http://www.theleafchronicle.com/article/20100328/LIFESTYLE05/3290350/Historical-crater-part-local-landscape

Resources

State of Tennessee

Nashville (capital)

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List of archaeological sites in Tennessee

Location not publicized

See also

Notes

Resources