List of wars involving Poland

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This is a chronological list of military conflicts in which Polish armed forces participated or took place on Polish territory from the reign of Mieszko I (960–992) to the ongoing military operations.

This list does not include peacekeeping operations (such as UNPROFOR, UNTAES or UNMOP), humanitarian missions or training missions supported by the Polish Armed Forces.

The list gives the name, the date, the Polish allies and enemies, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:

Polish victory

Polish defeat

Another result (e.g., a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result unknown or indecisive)

Ongoing conflict

Piast Poland

Main articles: History of Poland during the Piast dynasty and Warfare in Medieval Poland

During the Middle Ages, Poland sought to incorporate other Slavic peoples under the rule of the Polan dukes, such as Mieszko I, Boleslaw I Chrobry and their descendants, and then defend the lands acquired in the west from the Holy Roman Empire. In the east and south it struggled with Ruthenia, Bohemia and Hungary, and Tatar raiders. In the north-east, it encountered intermittent Lithuanian and Prussian raids.

Date	Conflict	Allies	Enemies	Result
963	Otto I's raid on Poland	Duchy of Poland	Holy Roman Empire	Polish defeat
964–972 967 972	Fights of Mieszko I in Western Pomerania Battle of Mieszko I against Wichmann the Younger and Wolinians Battle of Cedynia	Duchy of Poland	Veleti Wolinians Sorbian March	Polish victory
979	Otto II's raid on Poland	Duchy of Poland	Holy Roman Empire	Polish victory
981	Polish raid on Pomerelia	Duchy of Poland	Pomerelia	Polish victory
981	Rus raid on Cherven Cities	Duchy of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish defeat
985	Polish-Saxon invasion of Veleti	Duchy of Poland Holy Roman Empire	Veleti	Polish and Saxon victory
988–990	Polish-Bohemian War	Duchy of Poland Holy Roman Empire	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
992	Polish-German invasion of Veleti	Duchy of Poland Holy Roman Empire	Veleti	Polish and German victory
995	Polish-German invasion of Obotrites	Duchy of Poland Holy Roman Empire	Obotrites	Polish and German victory
1002–1018 1002–1005 1005 1007–1015 1012 1015–1018 1015 1015 1015 1015/17 1015 1015 1017	Wars against Holy Roman Empire Polish-German War (I) Battle of Spree Polish-German War (II) Siege of Lebus Polish-German War (III) Battle of Ciani Battle of Crosno Battle on the territory of the Dadosezani Battles of the Moravian troops Battle of Bautzen Siege of Meissen Siege of Niemcza	Duchy of Poland Moravians	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia Kievan Rus' Veleti	Peace of Bautzen
1015–1016	Cnut the Great's Conquest of England^[1]	Kingdom of Denmark Duchy of Poland	Kingdom of England	Danish victory
1015–1019 1018	Boleslaw I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis Battle of the River Bug	Duchy of Poland Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Hungary	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1022	Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest	Duchy of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1028–1031 1029	Polish-German War Siege of Bautzen	Mieszko II Lambert Kingdom of Hungary	Holy Roman Empire Bezprym Duchy of Bohemia Kievan Rus'	Victory for Bezprym
1031–1032	Pagan reaction in Poland	Bezprym	Pagans and magnates	Defeat of Bezprym
1038–1047 1047	Pagan reaction and popular uprising Casimir I the Restorer's war against Miecław	Casimir I the Restorer Holy Roman Empire Kievan Rus'	Miecław Pagans and magnats	Casimir I the Restorer's victory
1038–1039	Bretislaus I's raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1042	Casimir I the Restorer's raid on Lesser Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1047	Casimir I the Restorer's raid on Silesia	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1050	Casimir I the Restorer's raid on Silesia	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1051	Polish-German invasion of Hungary	Kingdom of Poland Holy Roman Empire	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish-German victory
1060	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Bohemia Siege of Hradec	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish defeat
1060	Fights for the Hungarian throne Battle of Mosony	Béla I Kingdom of Poland	Andrew I	Béla I's victory
1063	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Pomerelia	Kingdom of Poland	Pomerelia	Polish victory
1064	Pomeranians raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Pomeranians	Polish victory
1069	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1072	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Bohemia	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1074	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1074	Civil war between Solomon king and his cousins Géza and Ladislaus	Géza's army Kingdom of Poland	Solomon's army Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia	Victory
1076	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Bohemia	Kingdom of Poland Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1077	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Hungary	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish victory
1077	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1077–1079	Internal conflicts	Bolesław II the Generous	Rebels and magnats	Bolesław II the Generous's defeat
1086	Hungarian raid on Kraków	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish defeat
1090–1092 1090 1091 1091	Four raids on Western Pomerania Battle of Nakło Battle of the Brda Battle of Drzycimo	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Bohemia	Western Pomerania	Polish defeat
1092	Ruthenian and Cuman raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish defeat
1093–1100 1096	Władysław Herman and Sieciech's fight against Zbigniew and Bolesław Battle of Gopło	Władysław I Herman Sieciech Duchy of Bohemia	Zbigniew of Poland Bolesław III Wrymouth	Władysław and Sieciech's defeat
1099	Władysław I Herman'a raid on Halych	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Halych	Indecisive
1100	Pomeranians raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Western Pomerania	Polish victory
1101	Cuman raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish defeat
1103–1123 1121	Fourteen Bolesław Wrymouth's raids on Pomerania Battle of Niekładz	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Denmark	Pomeranians	Polish victory
1103–1108	Internal conflicts	Bolesław III Wrymouth Kingdom of Hungary Kievan Rus'	Zbigniew of Poland Duchy of Bohemia	Bolesław III Wrymouth's victory
1108	Bolesław III Wrymouth's raid on Old Prussians	Kingdom of Poland	Old Prussians	Polish victory
1108–1109	Three Pomeranians raids on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Western Pomerania	Polish victory
1108	Moravians raid on Silesia Battle of Ratibor	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1108	Bolesław III Wrymouth's raid on Bohemia	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1109	Polish-German War Battle of Głogów Siege of Wrocław Battle of Hundsfeld	Kingdom of Poland	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1109–1114 1110	Three Bolesław III Wrymouth's raids on Bohemia Battle of the Trutina	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1110	Zbigniew's and Bohemians raid on Silesia	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish defeat
1110–1111	Bolesław III Wrymouth's raid on Old Prussians	Kingdom of Poland	Old Prussians	Polish victory
1117	Skarbimir's rebellion	Kingdom of Poland	Skarbimir	Polish victory
1121–1124 1124	Fights in Rus' Battle of Wilichów	Kingdom of Poland Kievan Rus' Duchy of Bohemia Kingdom of Hungary	Principality of Halych	Polish victory
1120	Ruthenian and Cuman raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish defeat
1120	Polish raid into Pomerania	Kingdom of Poland	Western Pomerania	Control over Pomerania is reasserted
1126	Hungarian raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish defeat
1127	Polish raid on Hungary	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish victory
1131–1134	Six Bohemian raids on Silesia	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish defeat
1132	Bolesław III Wrymouth' raid on Hungary Battle of the Sajó River	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish defeat
1135	Fights in Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Halych	Polish victory
1144–1320 1144 1146 1195 1228 1228 1228 1243 1243 1246 1259 1273 1277 1285 1288 1289 1292 1313	Battles during feudal fragmentation Battle on marshlands of Pilica Siege of Poznań Battle of Mozgawa Battle of Studnica Battle of Skała Battle of Wrocieryż Battle of Międzybórz Battle of Suchodół Battle of Zaryszów Battle of the Solec forest Battle of Bogucin Duży Battle of Stolec Battle of Bogucice Battle of Łagów Battle of Siewierz Siege of Sieradz Battle of Kłecko	Local dukes	Local dukes	The weakening and internal breakdown of the country
1139–1142	Fights between Duchy of Masovia and Rus'	Bolesław IV the Curly	Kievan Rus'	Bolesław IV the Curly's defeat
1144–1146	Two Polish-Ruthenian raids on Halych	Władysław II the Exile Kievan Rus'	Principality of Halych	Ruthenian and Polish victory
1146	Polish-German War	Mieszko III the Old	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia	Mieszko III the Old's victory
1147	Albert the Bear and Mieszko III the Old's crusade for Polabian Slavs	Mieszko III the Old Northern March	Polabian Slavs Veleti	The victory crusade
1147	Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians	Bolesław IV the Curly Kievan Rus'	Old Prussians	Bolesław IV the Curly's victory
1154–1155	Henry of Sandomir's crusade to Palestine	Polish knights	Saracen	Henry of Sandomir's victory
1157	Polish-German War	Bolesław IV the Curly	Holy Roman Empire	Peace of Krzyszkowo
1166	Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians	Bolesław IV the Curly	Old Prussians	Bolesław IV the Curly's defeat
1180	Duke Wasylek's fight for Brześć	Principality of Drohiczyn Casimir II the Just	Kievan Rus'	Casimir II the Just's victory
1182–1183 1182	Casimir II the Just's fight for Brześć Battle of Bełz	Casimir II the Just	Kievan Rus'	Casimir II the Just's victory
1184	Frederick I Barbarossa's raid on Poland	Casimir II the Just	Holy Roman Empire	Indecisive
1187	Ruthenian raid on Lesser Poland	Casimir II the Just	Principality of Halych	Casimir II the Just's defeat
1189	Casimir II the Just's raid on Halych	Casimir II the Just	Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Halych	Casimir II the Just's victory
1194	Casimir II the Just's raid on Yotvingians Battle of Drohiczynem Battle on Yotvingians Land	Casimir II the Just	Yotvingians	Casimir II the Just's victory
1199	Leszek I the White's raid on Halych	Leszek I the White	Principality of Halych	Leszek I the White's victory
1205	Roman the Great's raid on Poland Battle of Zawichost	Leszek I the White	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White's victory
1207	Leszek I the White's raid on Rus'	Leszek I the White Konrad I of Masovia	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White's victory
1209–1211 1209	First War For Lebus Battle of Lebus	Henry I the Bearded Władysław III Spindleshanks	Sorbian March	Henry I the Bearded and Władysław III Spindleshanks's victory
1212	Polish raid into Pomerania	Kingdom of Poland	Denmark	Polish victory Danish retreat from Pomerania, allowing Poland its coastline back.
1214	Leszek I the White's raid on Volodymyr-Volynskyi	Leszek I the White Kingdom of Hungary	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White's victory
1215	Hungarian raid on Poland	Casimir II the Just	Kingdom of Hungary	Casimir II the Just's defeat
1218–1221	Polish-Hungarian-Ruthenian War	Leszek I the White Kingdom of Hungary	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White's defeat
1219–1222 1220	Three Old Prussians raids on Lesser Poland Battle of Masovians against Old Prussians	Konrad I of Masovia	Old Prussians	Konrad I of Masovia's defeat
1222–1223	Two polish raids on Old Prussians	Local dukes	Old Prussians	Polish defeat
1225	Prussian raid on Lesser Poland	Konrad I of Masovia	Old Prussians	Konrad I of Masovia's defeat
1225–1230	Second War For Lebus	Henry I the Bearded	Landgraviate of Thuringia	Henry I the Bearded's victory
1234	Polish-Teutonic crusade on Old Prussians Battle of Dzierzgoń	Local dukes Teutonic Knights	Old Prussians	Polish-Teutonic victory
1236–1237 1236	Wars between Konrad I of Masovia and Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Battle of Czerwień	Konrad I of Masovia	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Konrad I of Masovia's defeat
1238–1240 1239	Third War For Lebus Battle of Lebus	Henry I the Bearded	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Henry I the Bearded's victory
1241	First Mongol invasion of Poland Battle of Tursko Battle of Tarczek Battle of Chmielnik Battle of Racibórz Battle of Opole Battle of Legnica	Local dukes Military orders	Mongol Empire	Polish defeat
1247–1252	Przemysł I's fight against Brandenburg	Przemysł I	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Przemysł I's victory
1248–1455	Three raids on Yotvingians	Bolesław V the Chaste Siemowit I of Masovia Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Yotvingians	Bolesław V the Chaste's victory
1259	Second Mongol invasion of Poland	Bolesław V the Chaste	Mongol Empire	Polish defeat
1260	Bohemian-Hungarian War Battle of Kressenbrunn	Kingdom of Bohemia Duchy of Silesia Duchy of Austria	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland	Bohemian victory
1262	Lithuanian raid on Lesser Poland Siege of Jazdów	Siemowit I of Masovia	Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Siemowit I of Masovia's defeat
1264	Fights against Yotvingians Battle of Brańsk	Bolesław V the Chaste	Yotvingians	Bolesław V the Chaste's victory
1265–1278 1278	Fights against Brandenburg Battle of Myślibórz	Bolesław V the Chaste Przemysł II	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Bolesław V the Chaste's victory
1278	Fights for Bohemian throne Battle on the Marchfeld	Ottokar II of Bohemia Bolesław V the Chaste Przemysł II Henryk IV Probus	Rudolph I of Germany	Przemysł II's defeat
1280	War between Leszek II the Black and Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Battle of Goźlice	Leszek II the Black	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek II the Black's victory
1282–1283 1282 1282	Three Lithuanian-Yotvingian raids on Poland Battle of Narwia Battle of Rowiny	Leszek II the Black	Yotvingians Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Leszek II the Black's victory
1287–1288 1287 1287 1288	Third Mongol invasion of Poland Battle of Łagów Battle of Dunajec Battle of Stary Sącz	Leszek II the Black	Mongol Empire	Polish victory Mongol invasion repulsed^[2]
1291–1306 1294	Six Vytenis's raids on Lesser Poland Battle of Trojanów	Local dukes	Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Polish defeat
1296	Brandenburgian raid on Rogoźno	Przemysł II	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Przemysł II's defeat
1308	Brandenburgian raid on Gdańsk	Władysław I the Elbow-high	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Władysław I the Elbow-high's defeat
1308	Capture of Gdańsk by the Teutonic Knights	Władysław I the Elbow-high	Teutonic Knights	Władysław I the Elbow-high's defeat
1309	Capture of Świecie by the Teutonic Knights	Władysław I the Elbow-high	Teutonic Knights	Władysław I the Elbow-high's defeat
1311–1312	Rebellion of mayor Albert	Władysław I the Elbow-high	Albert Burghers of Kraków	Władysław I the Elbow-high's victory
1316	Polish-Brandenburgian fights in Greater Poland	Władysław I the Elbow-high	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Władysław I the Elbow-high's victory
1323	Polish-Hungarian raid on Ruthenia	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Polish-Hungarian victory
1323	Władysław I the Elbow-high raid on Płock	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Płock	Polish victory
1326–1329	Polish-Brandenburgian fights	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Polish victory
1326–1332 1327 1327 1331 1331 1331 1331 1332	Polish–Teutonic War Battle of Kowal Battle of Gostynin Battle of Płowce Battle of Konin Battle of Pyzdry Battle of łuk Warty Siege of Brześć Kujawski	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Hungary	Teutonic Knights Kingdom of Bohemia Duchy of Masovia	Indecisive
1332	Casimir III the Great's raid on Głogów	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Głogów	Polish victory
1340–1392 1340 1340 1341 1350 1368 1376	Galicia–Volhynia Wars Siege of Lviv Battle of the Vistula River Battle of Lublin Battle of Żukowo Lithuanian raid on Masovia Lithuanian raid on Poland	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Masovia Kingdom of Hungary	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crimean Khanate	Polish victory
1343	Fights for Wschowa Battle of Oleśnica	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Głogów	Polish victory
1345–1348 1345 1345 1345	Polish-Czech War Siege of Kraków Battle of Lelów Battle of Pogoń	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Hungary	Kingdom of Bohemia	Treaty of Namslau
1352–1358	Maćko Borkowic's confederation	Kingdom of Poland	Maćko Borkowic Nobles of Greater Poland Margraviate of Brandenburg	Polish victory
1355	Teutonic raid on Masovia	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Masovia	Teutonic Knights	Polish defeat
1359	Casimir III the Great's raid on Moldavia	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish defeat
1368	Casimir III the Great's raid on Moldavia	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish defeat
1370	Branderburgian raid on Santok and Drezdenko	Kingdom of Poland	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Polish defeat
1370	Fights for Płock	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Masovia	Polish defeat
1375–1376 1375 1376	Fights against Władysław the White Battle of Gniewkowo Siege of Złotoria	Kingdom of Poland	Władysław the White	Polish victory
1382–1385	Greater Poland Civil War	Grzymała	Nałęcz	Victory of the Nałęcz clan
1381–1385	Siemowit IV's fight for Polish throne	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary	Duchy of Masovia	Polish victory

Jagiellon Poland

Main articles: History of Poland during the Jagiellon dynasty and Warfare in Medieval Poland

For much of its early history as a Christian state, Poland had to contend with Pomeranians, Prussians, Lithuanians and other Baltic peoples in continuous border wars without clear results or end in sight. After the Teutonic Order conquered and assimilated the Prussians, it began incursions into both Polish and Lithuanian territories. This represented a far greater threat to both Poland and Lithuania, and the two countries united in a defensive alliance by the crowning of the Lithuanian Duke Jogaila as King of Poland (as Władysław II) which led to a major confrontation at the Battle of Grunwald in 1410 and subsequent wars until 1525, when the Order became a vassal to the Polish Crown.

Date	Conflict	Allies	Enemies	Result
1387	Jadwiga of Poland's raid on Red Ruthenia	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish victory
1387	Polish conquest of Moldavia	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish victory Poland receives a Black Sea coastline.
1390–1392	Lithuanian Civil War	Jogaila Kingdom of Poland	Vytautas Teutonic Knights	Jogaila's victory
1391	Fights against Konrad II the Gray for Wschowa	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Oels	Polish victory
1391–1401	War against Władysław Opolczyk	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Opole	Polish victory
1399	Fights against Golden Horde Battle of the Vorskla River	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Teutonic Knights Principality of Moldavia	Golden Horde	Polish and Lithuanian defeat
1409–1411 1410 1410	Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War^[3] Battle of Grunwald Battle of Koronowo	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Teutonic Knights Kingdom of Hungary	First Peace of Thorn
1414	Hunger War Siege of Brodnica	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Teutonic Knights	Council of Constance
1415–1419	Hungarian–Osman War	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland	Ottoman Empire	Hungarian/Polish victory
1422	Gollub War	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania Principality of Moldavia	Teutonic Knights	Treaty of Melno
1431	Moldavian raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish victory
1431-1435	Lithuanian Civil War (1431–35)	Grand Duchy of Lithuania (pro-Roman Catholic) Kingdom of Poland Hussites	Grand Duchy of Lithuania (pro-Eastern Orthodox) Teutonic Knights Livonian Order Golden Horde Principality of Moldavia	Polish victory
1431–1435/39 1431 1432 1435	Polish–Teutonic War Battle of Dąbki Battle of Kopystrzyń Battle of Wilkomierz	Hussites Kingdom of Poland Sigismund Kęstutaitis	Teutonic Knights Švitrigaila	Peace of Brześć Kujawski
1435	Odrowąż intervention in Moldavia	Kingdom of Poland Iliaș	Stephen II	Iliaș victory
1438	Polish-Bohemian fights for Silesia Siege of Tabór	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Kingdom of Bohemia Kingdom of Hungary	Polish and Lithuanian defeat
1438	Tatar raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1439	Spytek of Melsztyn's confederation Battle of Grotniki	Kingdom of Poland	Spytek of Melsztyn	Crushing of the confederation
1440–1444	Lithuanian-Masovian War for Podlasie	Duchy of Masovia	Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Indecisive
1440–1442	Civil War in Hungary	Władysław III of Poland Kingdom of Poland	Elizabeth of Luxembourg	Władysław III's victory
1443	Battle of Nish (1443)	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary Serbian Despotate	Ottoman Empire	Victory for the Christian contingent
1443–1444 1443–1444 1444	Crusade of Varna Long campaign Battle of Varna	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary others	Ottoman Empire	Polish-Hungarian defeat
1444	Battle of Kunovica	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary Serbian Despotate	Ottoman Empire	Victory
1449–1450	Fights for Moldavian throne	Kingdom of Poland Aleksander II of Moldavia	Bogdan II of Moldavia	Aleksander II's defeat
1450–1454	Fights of Land of Oświęcim	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Toszek	Polish victory
1453	Tatar raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Crimean Khanate	Polish victory
1454–1466 1454	Thirteen Years' War^[4] Battle of Chojnice Battle of Świecino Battle of Vistula Lagoon other battles	Prussian Confederation Kingdom of Poland	Teutonic Knights Livonian Brothers of the Sword Kingdom of Denmark	Second Peace of Thorn
1457–1458	Rebellion of unpaid mercenaries	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Oświęcim Mercenaries	Payment of salaries
1469	Tatar raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1471	Tatar raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1471–1474	Polish-Hungarian War	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Indecisive
1474	Polish-Bohemian raid on Silesia	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Bohemia	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish and Bohemian defeat
1475	Battle of Vaslui	Moldavia Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary	Ottoman Empire	Victory
1476	Polish raid on Prussia	Kingdom of Poland	Teutonic Knights	Polish victory
1476–1482	War of Succession of Głogów	Kingdom of Poland	Margraviate of Brandenburg	Polish victory
1478–1479	War of the Priests	Kingdom of Poland	Nicolaus von Tüngen Teutonic Knights	Polish victory
1485–1503 1487 1491 1497	Polish-Ottoman War Battle of Kopystrzyń Battle of Zasław Battle of the Cosmin Forest	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Ottoman Empire Principality of Moldavia Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1490–1492 1490–1491 1492	Fights for Hungarian throne Battle of Koszyce Battle of Preszów	John I Albert	Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary	Vladislaus II's victory
1495	Polish raid on Płock	Kingdom of Poland	Duchy of Masovia	Polish victory
1500–1503 1500	Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War Battle of Vedrosha	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Lithuanian defeat
1501	Polish raid on Prussia	Kingdom of Poland	Teutonic Knights	Interruption of the expedition because of king's death
1502–1510 1506 1509	Polish-Moldavian War Battle of Czerniowce Battle of Chocim	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish victory
1506	Tatar raid on Poland and Lithuania^[5] Battle of Kletsk	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Crimean Khanate	Polish-Lithuanian victory
1507–1508 1508	Third Muscovite-Lithuanian War Battle of Orsza	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Lithuanian victory
1512	Tatar raid on Poland Battle of Wisniowiec	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Crimean Khanate	Polish victory
1512–1522 1514 1518	Fourth Muscovite-Lithuanian War Battle of Orsha Siege of Polotsk	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Lithuanian defeat
1516	Tatar raid on Podolia and Ruthenia	Kingdom of Poland	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1519	Tatar raid on Podolia and Ruthenia Battle of Sokal	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1519–1521 1520	Polish–Teutonic War Battle of Pasłęk	Kingdom of Poland	Teutonic Knights	Treaty of Kraków Prussian Homage
1524	Ottoman-Tatar raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1526	Tatar raid on Poland and Lithuania	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1528	Habsburgian raid on Spisz	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Hungary	Polish defeat
1528	Tatar raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Crimean Khanate	Polish victory
1530–1531 1530 1531 1531	Polish-Moldavian War Battle of Chocim Battle of Gwoździec Battle of Obertyn	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish victory
1534–1537 1534 1535	Fifth Muscovite-Lithuanian War Battle of Radohoszcz Siege of Starodub	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Indecisive
1535	Moldavian raid on Podolia and Pokuttya	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish defeat
1537	Chicken War	Kingdom of Poland	Nobility	End of rebellion
1538 1538 1538	Polish-Moldavian War Battle of Seret Siege of Chocim	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Indecisive
1549	Tatar raid on Volhynia and Red Ruthenia	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1550	Moldavian raid on Bar	Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moldavia	Polish victory
1552	Sieniawski intervention in Moldavia	Kingdom of Poland Alexandru Lăpușneanu	Ioan Joldea	Alexandru victory
1557	Zygmunt II August's raid on Livonia	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Livonian Brothers of the Sword	Polish victory
1557	Tatar raid on Podolia	Kingdom of Poland	Crimean Khanate	Polish defeat
1558-1583	Livonian War	Livonian Confederation Kingdom of Poland Denmark–Norway Swedish Empire	Tsardom of Russia Kingdom of Livonia	Polish victory
1561–1570 1558–1570 1564	Northern Seven Years' War Livonian War Battle of Ula other battles	Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania Denmark–Norway Free City of Lübeck	Grand Duchy of Moscow Kingdom of Sweden	Treaty of Stettin

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Main articles: History of Poland in the Early Modern era (1569–1795) and Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

The 17th century saw fierce rivalry between the then major Eastern European powers – Sweden, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire. At its heyday, the Commonwealth comprised the territories of present-day Poland, and large parts of Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Russia, and represented a major European power. However, by the end of the 18th century a series of internal conflicts and wars with foreign enemies led to the dissolution of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the partitioning of most of its dependent territories among other European powers.

During the 18th century, European powers (most frequently consisting of Russia, Sweden, Prussia and Saxony) fought several wars for the control of the territories of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. At the end of the 18th century, some Poles attempted to defend Poland from growing foreign influence in the country's internal affairs. These late attempts to preserve independence eventually failed, ultimately ending in Poland's partition and the final dissolution of the remains of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Date	Conflict	Allies	Enemies	Result
1571	Danish attack on Poland Naval battle near Hel	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Kingdom of Denmark	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1572	Mikołaj Mielecki's raid on Moldavia	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Principality of Moldavia	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1575	Tatar raid on Red Ruthenia and Podolia	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1575	Russian invasion of Livonia	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1576–77 1577 1577	Danzig rebellion Battle of Lubieszów Siege of Danzig	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	City of Danzig	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1577	Tatar raid on Podolia, Red Ruthenia and Volhynia	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1577–82 1577–78 1579–82 1579 1580 1580 1581–82	Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory^[6] Battles of Wenden Three Stephen Báthory's raids Siege of Polotsk Siege of Velikiye Luki Battle of Toropets Siege of Pskov	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Principality of Transylvania	Tsardom of Russia	Truce of Jam Zapolski
1578	Tatar raid on Podolia, Red Ruthenia and Volhynia	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1587–88 1587 1588	War of the Polish Succession^[7] Siege of Kraków Battle of Byczyna	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Archduchy of Austria	Maximilian III's defeat
1589	Tatar raid on Poland Battle of Baworów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1591–93 1593	Kosiński Uprising Battle of Piatka	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossacks	Crushing of the rebellion
1594–96 1596 1596 1596	Nalyvaiko Uprising Battle of Bila Tserkva Battle of Ostry Kamień Battle of Sołonica	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossacks	Crushing of the rebellion
1595	Jan Zamoyski's raid on Moldavia Battle of Cecora Battle of Suceava	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Moldavia	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1598–99 1598 1598 1599	War against Sigismund Battle of Stegeborg Battle of Stångebro Battle of Stang	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Swedish Empire	Sigismund III Vasa's defeat
1599–1600 1599 1600 1600	Fights against Michael the Brave Battle of Selimbar Battle of Bukowo Battle of Arges river	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Ieremia Movilă	Principality of Wallachia Principality of Transylvania	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1600–11 1605	Polish–Swedish War Battle of Kircholm other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Swedish Empire	Indecisive
1605–18 1605 1608–10 1609-11 1610	Polish–Muscovite War (Dymitriads) Battle of Dobrynichi Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra Siege of Smolensk Battle of Klushino other battles	Szlachta	Tsardom of Russia	Truce of Deulino
1606	Tatar raid on Poland Battle of Udycz	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1606–09 1607	Zebrzydowski Rebellion Battle of Guzów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Nobility	Crushing of the rebellion
1607	Stefan Potocki's raid on Moldavia Battle of Stefanesti	Stefan Potocki	Principality of Moldavia	Stefan Potocki's victory
1612	Stefan Potocki's raid on Moldavia Battle of Sasowy Róg	Stefan Potocki	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Moldavia	Stefan Potocki's defeat
1612	Four Tatar raids on Poland Battle of Mezyrów Battle of Bila Tserkva	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Zaporozhian Cossacks	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1615–16 1615 1616 1616	Samuel Korecki's raid on Moldavia Battle of Khotyn Battle of Bendery Battle of Sasowy Róg	Samuel Korecki	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Moldavia	Polish defeat
1617–18	Polish–Swedish War	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Swedish Empire	Indecisive
1618	Tatar raid on Poland Battle of Orynin	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1619	Battle of Humenné	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Principality of Transylvania	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1620–21 1620 1621	Polish–Ottoman War Battle of Cecora Battle of Khotyn	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Principality of Moldavia	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Wallachia	Treaty of Khotyn
1621–26 1622 1626	Polish–Swedish War Battle of Mitawa Battle of Wallhof	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Swedish Empire	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1624	Tatar raid on Poland Battle of Martynów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1625	Żmajło uprspring Battle of Jezioro Krukowskie Battle of Cybulik	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossacks	Indecisive
1626–29 1626 1627	Polish–Swedish War Battle of Gniew Battle of Oliwa other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Swedish Empire	Truce of Altmark
1626	Three Tatar raids on Poland Battle of Bila Tserkva	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1628	Five Tatar raids on Poland	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1629	Five Tatar raids on Poland	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1630	Fedorovych Uprising Battle of Korsuń Battle of Perejasław	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossacks	Treaty of Pereyaslav
1632–34 1632	Smolensk War Siege of Smolensk	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia	Treaty of Polyanovka
1633–34 1633 1633	Polish–Ottoman War Battle of Sasowy Róg Battle of Kamieniec Podolski	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Wallachia Principality of Moldavia	Polish victory
1635	Sulima Uprising	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossacks	Crushing of the rebellion
1637	Pawluk Uprising Battle of Kumejki	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossacks	Crushing of the rebellion
1638	Ostrzanin Uprising Battle of Łubnie Battle of Żownin	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossacks	Crushing of the rebellion
1640	Tatar raid on Poland	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian defeat
1643	Tatar raid on Poland Battle of Sura River	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1644	Tatar raid on Poland Battle of Ochmatów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1645–1646	Polish raid on Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory
1648–55 1648 1649 1651	Khmelnytsky Uprising Battle of Zhovti Vody Siege of Zbarazh Battle of Berestechko other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Crimean Khanate (1654–1656)	Zaporozhian Cossacks Crimean Khanate (1649–1654, 1656–1657)	Indecisive
1651	Kostka-Napierski Uprising	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Aleksander Kostka Napierski	Crushing of the rebellion
1651	Peasants' Revolt on Cistercian Ląd's Land	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Peasants	Crushing of the rebellion
1654–67 1655 1660	Russo-Polish War Battle of Okhmativ Battle of Chudnov other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Crimean Khanate	Tsardom of Russia Cossack Hetmanate	Truce of Andrusovo
1655–60 1655–17 1655 1655 1656 1656 1657 1657	Second Northern War Deluge Battle of Ujście Siege of Jasna Góra Battle of Warka Battle of Warsaw George II Rákóczi's invasion Battle of Czarny Ostrów other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Archduchy of Austria Denmark–Norway Tsardom of Russia (1656–58) Dutch Republic others	Swedish Empire Brandenburg-Prussia Cossack Hetmanate (1657) Principality of Transylvania Tsardom of Russia others	Treaty of Oliva
1663-1664	Austro-Turkish War (1663–64)	League of the Rhine: Kingdom of France Holy Roman Empire Electorate of Saxony Brandenburg-Prussia Electorate of Bavaria Baden-Baden Swabia Piedmont-Savoy Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Moldavia Wallachia	Peace of Vasvár
1665–66 1665 1666	Lubomirski's Rokosz Battle of Częstochowa Battle of Mątwy	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Nobility	Indecisive
1666–71 1666 1667 1671 1671	Polish–Cossack–Tatar War Battle of Ściana Battle of Podhajce Battle of Bracław Battle of Kalnik	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Crimean Khanate Cossack Hetmanate Ottoman Empire	Indecisive
1669–1670 1670	Podhale uprising Battle of Nowy Targ	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Peasants	Crushing of the rebellion
1672–76 1672 1673	Polish–Ottoman War Siege of Kamenets Battle of Khotyn other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Principality of Wallachia (1673)	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Moldavia	Treaty of Żurawno
1683–99 1683 1698	Polish–Ottoman War (in the Holy League, part of Great Turkish War) Battle of Vienna Battle of Podhajce other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Archduchy of Austria	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Treaty of Karlowitz
1686–1700	Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)	Tsardom of Russia Habsburg Empire Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Cossack Hetmanate	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Victory Russia gains possession of Azov fortress of Taganrog Pavlovsk and Mius.
1697	François Louis's raid for Polish crown	Augustus II the Strong	François of Conti	Augustus II's victory
1700	Lithuanian Civil War Battle of Olkieniki	Nobility	Sapieha family	Defeat of Sapieha
1700–21 1702 1704–06 1705 1706	Great Northern War Battle of Klissow Civil War in Poland Battle of Warsaw Battle of Kalisz other battles	Tsardom of Russia Denmark–Norway (1700, 1709–) Electorate of Saxony (1700–06, 1709–) Augustus II the Strong (1700–04, 1709–) Cossack Hetmanate (1700–08, 1709–1721) Kingdom of Prussia (1715–) Electorate of Hanover (1715-) others	Swedish Empire Stanisław Leszczyński (1704–09) Ottoman Empire (1710–14) Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09) others	Treaty of Nystad
1702–04	Palej Uprising Battle of Werbicze	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossack Hetmanate	Crushing of the rebellion
1715–16 1715 1716 1716 1716 1716	Tarnogród Confederation Battle of Radogoszcza Battle of Ryczywół Battle of Sokal Battle of Leszno Battle of Kowalew	Nobility	Tsardom of Russia Electorate of Saxony	Silent Sejm
1733–35 1734 1734 1734	War of the Polish Succession Siege of Danzig Battle of Wyszecin Battle of Miechów other battles	Stanisław Leszczyński Kingdom of France Kingdom of Spain Duchy of Savoy	Augustus III of Poland Habsburg Monarchy Russian Empire Electorate of Saxony Kingdom of Prussia	Treaty of Vienna
1734	Haidamak Uprising, 1734	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Haidamakas	Uprising suppressed.
1750	Haidamak Uprising, 1750	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Russian Empire	Haidamakas	Uprising suppressed.
1764	Civil War in Poland	Hetmans' Party	Familia Russian Empire	Defeat of Hetmans' Party
1768-69	Koliyivshchyna	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Russian Empire	Haidamakas	Victory
1768–72 1768 1768 1771	Bar Confederation Siege of Bar Koliyivshchyna Battle of Lanckorona other battles	Stanisław August Poniatowski Russian Empire	Nobility Haidamaka	First Partition of Poland
1769	Šiauliai revolt	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Peasants	Crushing of the rebellion
1792-1797	War of the First Coalition Part of the French Revolutionary Wars	* Kingdom of the French (until 1792) French Republic (from 1792) Spain (from 1796)^[8] Batavian Republic (from 1795)^[9] French satellite states Polish Legions (from 1797)^[10]	* Austria Prussia (until 1795)^[11] Great Britain French Royalists Spain (until 1795)^[12] Portugal Sardinia (until 1796)^[13] Naples and Sicily Other Italian states^[14] Dutch Republic (until 1795)^[15] Newfoundland (1796)	French victory; Peace of Basel Treaty of Campo Formio Establishment and survival of the French Republic French annexation of the Austrian Netherlands, the Left Bank of the Rhine and other smaller territories Several French client republics established Hostilities resume in 1798 with the formation of a Second Coalition against France
1792	Polish–Russian War of 1792 Battle of Mir Battle of Zelwa Battle of Zieleńce Battle of Dubienka Battle of Markuszów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Russian Empire	Second Partition of Poland
1794	Kościuszko Uprising^[16] Battle of Racławice Warsaw Uprising Wilno Uprising Greater Poland Uprising Battle of Praga other battles	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Habsburg Monarchy Kingdom of Prussia Russian Empire	Third Partition of Poland

19th century and World War I

Main article: History of Poland (1795–1918)

Poles unsuccessfully struggled to win back their independence throughout the 19th century. At first, they put their hopes in Napoleon. Later, they tried to ignite national uprisings every now and then – most of them bloodily repressed.

Date	Conflict	Allies	Enemies	Result
1797	Denisko Uprising	Joachim Denisko	Austrian Empire	Crushing of the rebellion
1798–1802	War of the Second Coalition Part of the French Revolutionary Wars	France Spain Polish Legions Denmark–Norway^[17] French client republics: Batavian Republic Helvetic Republic Cisalpine Republic Roman Republic (until 1799)^[18] Parthenopaean Republic (1799)^[19]	Second Coalition: Holy Roman Empire^[20] Austria Great Britain (until 1801) United Kingdom (from 1801) Russia (until 1799) Portugal Kingdom of Naples Grand Duchy of Tuscany Order of Saint John (1798) Malta (1798-1800) Ottoman Empire French Royalists	French victory Treaty of Lunéville Treaty of Amiens Survival of the French Republic Previous annexations by France confirmed Hostilities resume in 1803 with the formation of a Third Coalition against France
1803–1806	War of the Third Coalition Part of the Napoleonic Wars	French Empire Kingdom of Etruria Batavian Republic Napoleonic Italy Spain Electorate of Bavaria Württemberg Polish Legions	Third Coalition: Holy Roman Empire Russian Empire United Kingdom Kingdom of Naples Kingdom of Sicily Sweden French royalists	French victory Treaty of Pressburg Consolidation of the French Empire Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire Creation of the Confederation of the Rhine Hostilities resume a few months later with the formation of a Fourth Coalition against France
1806-1807	War of the Fourth Coalition Part of the Napoleonic Wars	French Empire French satellites: Confederation of the Rhine: Bavaria Württemberg Saxony^[21] Polish Legions Napoleonic Italy Kingdom of Naples Etruria Holland Spain Swiss Confederation	Fourth Coalition: Prussia Russia United Kingdom Saxony^[22] Sweden Sicily	French victory Treaties of Tilsit Prussia lost one half of its territory Creation of the Duchy of Warsaw Franco-Russian alliance Promulgation of the Continental System Hostilities resume in 1808 with the commencement of the Peninsular War and expanded in 1809 with the formation of a Fifth Coalition against France
1809	War of the Fifth Coalition Part of the Napoleonic Wars Polish–Austrian War Battle of Raszyn	French Empire French satellites: Confederation of the Rhine: Bavaria Saxony Württemberg Westphalia Napoleonic Italy Duchy of Warsaw Naples Switzerland Holland	Fifth Coalition: Austrian Empire Hungary Tyrol (in rebellion against Bavaria) United Kingdom Spain Sicily Sardinia Black Brunswickers	French victory Treaty of Schönbrunn Franco-Austrian Alliance Napoléon marries Marie Louise of Austria Austria cedes Galicia to the Duchy of Warsaw Hostilities in the Peninsular War maintained General hostilities across Europe resume in 1812 with the French Invasion of Russia and expand in 1813 with the formation of a Sixth Coalition against France
1812	French invasion of Russia Part of the Napoleonic Wars	French Empire Duchy of Warsaw Napoleonic Italy Naples Confederation of the Rhine Baden Bavaria Berg Saxony Westphalia Napoleonic Spain Swiss Confederation Allies: Austria Prussia Denmark–Norway	Russian Empire	Russian victory Destruction of French Allied Army Start of the War of the Sixth Coalition
1812–1814	War of the Sixth Coalition Part of the Napoleonic Wars	First French Empire Napoleonic Italy Kingdom of Naples Duchy of Warsaw^{[N 1]} Until January 1814 Denmark–Norway Confederation of the Rhine (Many member states defected after Battle of Leipzig)	Original Coalition Russian Empire Prussia Austrian Empire United Kingdom Sweden Spain Portugal Two Sicilies Kingdom of Sardinia After Battle of Leipzig Saxony Bavaria Württemberg Netherlands Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands	Coalition victory Treaty of Fontainebleau First Treaty of Paris Congress of Vienna Bourbon Restoration; Napoleon's exile to Elba Various territorial changes Hostilities resume with the return of Napoleon to power in 1815
1830–1831 1831 1831 1831 1831	November Uprising^[23]^{[N 2]} Battle of Olszynka Grochowska Battle of Stoczek Battle of Ostrołęka Battle of Warsaw other battles	Kingdom of Poland	Russian Empire	Crushing of the rebellion
1846	Kraków Uprising Battle of Gdów Chochołów Uprising	Poles	Austrian Empire	Crushing of the rebellion
1846	Greater Poland Uprising	Poles	Kingdom of Prussia	Crushing of the rebellion
1848	Revolutions of 1848 in Poland Greater Poland Uprising Battle of Miłosław	Poles	Austrian Empire Kingdom of Prussia	Crushing of the rebellion
1863–1864 1863 1863 1863	January Uprising Battle of Węgrów Battle of Siemiatycze Battle of Salicha other battles	Poles	Russian Empire	Crushing of the rebellion
1866	Siberian Uprising Battle of Miszycha	Poles	Russian Empire	Crushing of the rebellion
1905–1907 1905	Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland Łódź insurrection	Poles	Russian Empire	Crushing of the rebellion
1914–1918 1914 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1918	World War I Battle of Krzywopłoty Battle of Łowczówek Battle of Rokitna Battle of Kostiuchnówka Battle of Krechowce Battle of Rarańcza Battle of Kaniów	Russian Empire British Empire French Third Republic Polish Armed Forces Allies	German Empire Austria-Hungary Polish Legions Central Powers	Treaty of Versailles

Modern history

Main articles: History of Poland (1918–39), History of Poland (1939–45), History of Poland (1945–89), and History of Poland (1989–present)

In the turmoil of the First World War, Poles managed to regain independence and then to expand their territory in a series of local wars and uprisings; only to be occupied again during the next world war. The second half of the 20th century was more peaceful, but still tense, as Poland was involved in the Cold War on the Soviet side. Later, at the beginning of the 21st century Poland is involved in the War against Islamic terrorism on the NATO side.

Date	Conflict	Allies	Enemies	Result
1918	Finnish Civil War	White Finland Germany Sweden Estonia Poland	Red Finland Russia	Victory Victory of the White Senate of Finland Russian military presence ceased German hegemony until November 11, 1918
1918–1919 1918–1919 1918 1919	Polish–Ukrainian War Battle of Lwów Battle of Przemyśl Chortkiv offensive	Second Polish Republic Kingdom of Romania	West Ukrainian People's Republic Ukrainian People's Republic	Polish victory
1918–1919	Greater Poland Uprising	Poles	Germans	Polish victory
1918–1919	Polish-German skirmishes	Second Polish Republic	Weimar Republic	Indecisive
1919	Polish coup attempt	Legal government	National Democracy	Failure of coup
1919	Polish–Czechoslovak War	Second Polish Republic	Czechoslovakia	Czechoslovakia annexes Zaolzie
1919	Bender Uprising	Kingdom of Romania Supported by: France Only police troops Poland	Communist Insurgents Hungarian Soviet Republic Supported by: Russian SFSR Ottoman Empire	Romanian victory
1919–1920/21 1919 1920 1920 1920	Polish–Soviet War Vilna offensive Kiev Offensive Battle of Warsaw Battle of the Niemen River other battles	Second Polish Republic Ukrainian People's Republic	Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic	Polish victory Peace of Riga^{[N 3]}
1919–1921 1919 1919 1919 1920 1921 1921	Silesian Uprisings Olesno Uprising First Silesian Uprising Battle of Godów Second Silesian Uprising Third Silesian Uprising Battle of Annaberg	Poles	Weimar Republic	Polish defeat (I) Indecisive (II) Indecisive (III)
1919–1920^{[N 4]} 1919 1920	Polish–Lithuanian War Sejny Uprising Żeligowski's Mutiny	Second Polish Republic	Lithuania	Polish victory
1923	Kraków riot	Second Polish Republic	Workers	Crushing of the rebellion
1926	May Coup	Government Stanisław Wojciechowski	Sanation Józef Piłsudski	Józef Piłsudski's victory
1932	Lesko uprising	Sanation	Peasants	Crushing of the rebellion
1938	Capture of Zaolzie	Second Polish Republic	Czechoslovakia	Polish victory
1939	World War II – Invasion of Poland Battle of Westerplatte Battle of the Border Battle of Wizna Siege of Warsaw Battle of the Bzura Battle of Tomaszów Lubelski Battle of Kock other battles	Second Polish Republic	Nazi Germany Soviet Union Slovakia	Polish defeat
1939–1945 1939–1940 1940 1942–1943 1943–1944 1944	World War II – Polish resistance movement Hubal's fight Czortków Uprising Zamość Uprising Operation Tempest Warsaw Uprising Battle of Kuryłówka Armia Krajowa Actions	Polish Underground State	Nazi Germany Soviet Union	Partial liberation of Poland
1939–1945 1939–1945 1940 1940 1940 1940 1941–1945 1941 1942 1944 1944–1945 1944 1944	World War II – Polish Armed Forces Battle of the Atlantic Norwegian Campaign Battles of Narvik Battle of France Battle of Britain Mediterranean theatre of World War II Siege of Tobruk Battle of Gazala Battle of Monte Cassino Western Front Falaise pocket Operation Market Garden	Polish government-in-exile United Kingdom France United States Allies	Nazi Germany Kingdom of Italy Axis	Potsdam Conference
1943–1945 1943 1944 1945 1945 1945	World War II – Eastern Front Battle of Lenino Battle of Studzianki Battle of Kolberg Battle of Berlin Battle of Bautzen	Soviet Union Polish Committee of National Liberation State National Council The Republic of Poland	Nazi Germany	Potsdam Conference Borders of Poland adjusted.
1944–1956 1945	Fights against Cursed soldiers Augustów roundup	The Republic of Poland Soviet Union	Polish Underground State: Freedom and Independence NIE National Military Union others	Crushing of the rebellion
1944–1949 1944	Fights against Ukrainian Insurgent Army Battle of Leszczawa Górna	Soviet Union The Republic of Poland Czechoslovakia	Ukrainian Insurgent Army	Crushing of the rebellion
1945	Polish–Czechoslovak border conflict of Kłodzko	The Republic of Poland	Czechoslovakia	Indecisive
1946-1954	First Indochina War	Viet Minh Pathet Lao Khmer Issarak Soviet Union^[24] China (1949–1954)^[24] Poland^[25] East Germany^[26]	France (1945–1954) French Indochina (1945–1954) Cambodia (1953–1954) Laos (1953–1954) State of Vietnam	Viet Minh victory Vietnam is partitioned between North (controlled by the Viet Minh) and South (controlled by the State of Vietnam). Geneva Conference Departure of the French from Indochina. State of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia gain official independence.
1950–1953	Korean War	Soviet Union People's Republic of Poland People's Republic of Hungary People's Republic of China Democratic People's Republic of Korea	United States of America South Korea	Indecisive / Stalemate Since 2011 Poland is on South Korean side
1956	Poznań protests	People's Republic of Poland	Anti-communist civilian protesters	State military victory Beginning of the political thaw
1968	Invasion of Czechoslovakia	Warsaw Pact: Soviet Union People's Republic of Poland People's Republic of Hungary People's Republic of Bulgaria East Germany	Czechoslovakia	Warsaw Pact victory Moscow Protocol, Soviet military presence until 1991
1975-1989	Angolan Civil War	MPLA SWAPO MK Cuba (1975-91) East Germany (1975-89) Soviet Union (1975-89)^[27] Executive Outcomes (1992-95) People's Republic of Poland	UNITA FNLA FLEC South Africa (1975-89) Zaire (1975)	MPLA victory Withdrawal of all foreign forces in 1989 Transition towards a multiparty political system in 1991/92 Dissolution of the armed forces of FNLA Participation of UNITA and FNLA, as political parties, in the new political system, from 1991/92 onwards, but civil war continues Jonas Savimbi killed in 2002 Immediate peace agreement and dissolution of the armed forces of UNITA in 2002 Resistance of FLEC continued beyond 2002
1990–1991	Gulf War	Coalition of the Gulf War: Poland United States of America France	Iraq	Coalition victory
1994-1995	Operation Uphold Democracy	United States of America Poland Argentina	Haiti	Coalition victory
2001–present 2001–present 2007 2009 2003–2011 2004 2007	War on Terror War in Afghanistan Operation Achilles Operation Eagle's Feather Iraq War Battle of City Hall Operation Black Eagle	USA United Kingdom Poland others	al-Qaeda Taliban others	Ongoing Fall of the Taliban government in Afghanistan Destruction of al-Qaeda camps Taliban insurgency War in North-West Pakistan Killing of Osama bin Laden Fall of the Ba'ath Party government in Iraq Execution of Saddam Hussein Free elections Ongoing insurgency
2013-2014	Operation Serval part of2012 Northern Mali conflict and the War on Terror	Mali France Nigeria Sierra Leone Poland MNLA	Islamic militants MOJWA AQIM Ansar Dine	Victory All major cities controlled by French and Malian troops. France launched Operation Barkhane on 1 August 2014.

Notes

↑ Duchy of Warsaw as a state was in effect fully occupied by Russian and Prussian forces by May 1813, though most Poles remained loyal to Napoleon
↑ also called Polish–Russian War of 1830–31
↑ Russian and Polish historians tend to assign victory to their respective countries. Outside assessments vary, mostly between calling the result a Polish victory or inconclusive. Lenin, in his secret report to the 9th Conference of the Bolshevik Party on 20 September 1920, called the outcome of the war, "In a word, a gigantic, unheard-of defeat."
↑ Lithuanian historiography: Spring 1919 – November 29, 1920 Polish historiography: September 1 – October 7, 1920

Footnotes

↑ Lawson (2004), p. 49.
↑ Nicolle, p. 8
↑ Sikorski (1972), pp. 203–214.
↑ Sikorski (1972), pp. 283–291.
↑ Sikorski (1972), pp. 291–292.
↑ Sikorski (1972), pp. 299–301.
↑ Sikorski (1972), pp. 301–311.
↑ Re-entered the war as an ally of France after signing the Second Treaty of San Ildefonso.
↑ The French Revolutionary Army overthrew the Dutch Republic and established the Batavian Republic as a puppet state in its place.
↑ Formed in French-allied Italy in 1797, following the abolition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Third Partition in 1795.
↑ Left the war after signing the Peace of Basel with France.
↑ Left the war after signing the Peace of Basel with France.
↑ Left the war after signing the Treaty of Paris with France.
↑ Virtually all of the Italian states, including the neutral Papal States and the Republic of Venice, were conquered following Napoleon's invasion in 1796 and became French satellite states.
↑ The French Revolutionary Army overthrew the Dutch Republic and established the Batavian Republic as a puppet state in its place.
↑ Sikorski (1972), pp. 435–451.
↑ Officially neutral but Danish fleet was attacked by Britain at the Battle of Copenhagen.
↑ Abolished following the restoration of the neutral Papal States in 1799.
↑ Short lived state that replaced the Kingdom of Naples in 1799.
↑ Nominally the Holy Roman Empire, of which the Austrian Netherlands and the Duchy of Milan were under direct Austrian rule. Also encompassed many other Italian states, as well as other Habsburg states such as the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
↑ Joined the Confederation of the Rhine on 11 December 1806.
↑ Joined the Confederation of the Rhine on 11 December 1806.
↑ Sikorski (1972), pp. 469–490.
1 2 "Viện trợ của Trung Quốc đối với cuộc kháng chiến chống Pháp của Việt Nam". Retrieved August 19, 2015.
↑ http://www.historycy.org/index.php?showtopic=36539&st=15 (in Polish)
↑ http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2013/9311/pdf/DaoDucThuan_2013_02_05.pdf
↑ "AfricanCrisis". AfricanCrisis. Retrieved 2013-08-18.

References

Gąsowski, Tomasz (1999). Bitwy polskie: leksykon. Kraków: Społeczny Instytut Wydawniczy Znak. ISBN 83-7006-787-5.
Kozłowski, Eligiusz; Wrzosek, Mieczysław (1984). Historia oręża polskiego 1795–1939. Warszawa: Wiedza Powszechna. ISBN 83-214-0339-5.
Lawson, M. K. (2004). Cnut – England's Viking King (2nd ed.). Stroud: Tempus. ISBN 0-7524-2964-7.
Nowak, Tadeusz M.; Wimmer, Jan (1981). Historia oręża polskiego 963–1795. Warszawa: Wiedza Powszechna. ISBN 83-214-0133-3.
Sikorski, Janusz (1972). Zarys historii wojskowości powszechnej do końca wieku XIX. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej. OCLC 20835374.
Winged Hussars, Radoslaw Sikora, Bartosz Musialowicz, BUM Magazine, 2016.

Polish wars and conflicts

Piast Poland	Battle of Cedynia German–Polish War (1002–18) Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis 1072 war against Bohemia Battle of Głogów 1146 war against Germany 1156 war against Germany First Mongol invasion of Poland (1240/41) Second Mongol invasion of Poland (1259/60) Third Mongol invasion of Poland (1287/88) Battle of Legnica Polish–Teutonic War (1326–32) Battle of Płowce Galicia–Volhynia Wars

Jagiellon Poland	Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War Battle of Grunwald Polish–Teutonic War (1414) Polish–Teutonic War (1422) Polish–Teutonic War (1431–35) Battle of Grotniki 1444 war against the Ottomans Battle of Varna Thirteen Years' War War of the Priests Polish–Moldavian War Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512–22) Battle of Orsha Polish–Teutonic War (1519–21) Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1534–37) Ottoman–Tatar Invasion of Lithuania and Poland

Commonwealth	Northern Seven Years' War Danzig rebellion Battle of Lubieszów Siege of Danzig (1577) Livonian War Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory War of the Polish Succession (1587–88) Battle of Byczyna 1589 Tatar Invasion Kosiński Uprising 1593 Tatar Invasion Nalyvaiko Uprising Moldavian Magnate Wars Polish–Ottoman War (1620–21) Polish–Swedish wars War against Sigismund Battle of Stångebro Polish–Swedish War (1600–29) Polish–Swedish War (1600–11) Battle of Kircholm Polish–Swedish War (1617–18) Polish–Swedish War (1621–25) Polish–Swedish War (1626–29) Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18) Battle of Kłuszyn Zebrzydowski Rebellion Thirty Years' War Battle of Humenné Polish–Ottoman War (1620–21) Battle of Chocim (1621) 1624 Tatar Invasion Zhmaylo Uprising Fedorovych Uprising Smolensk War Siege of Smolensk (1632–33) Polish–Ottoman War (1633–34) Pawluk Uprising Ostrzanin Uprising 1644 Tatar Invasion Khmelnytsky Uprising Battle of Berestechko Russo-Polish War (1654–67) Second Northern War The Deluge Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–71) Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76) Battle of Chocim (1673) Polish–Ottoman War (1683–99) Battle of Vienna Great Northern War War of the Polish Succession War of the Bar Confederation Polish–Russian War of 1792 Kościuszko Uprising

Poland partitioned	Napoleonic Wars Peninsular War War of the Fourth Coalition Prussian campaign War of the Fifth Coalition Polish–Austrian War War of the Sixth Coalition French invasion of Russia Greater Poland Uprising (1848) November Uprising January Uprising World War I

Second Republic	Polish–Ukrainian War Greater Poland Uprising Polish–Czechoslovak War First Silesian Uprising Polish–Soviet War Battle of Warsaw Second Silesian Uprising Polish–Lithuanian War Third Silesian Uprising

Second World War	World War II German Invasion of Poland Polish contribution to World War II Italian Campaign Ghetto uprisings Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Białystok Ghetto Uprising Częstochowa Ghetto Uprising Operation Tempest Operation Ostra Brama Lwów Uprising Warsaw Uprising

People's Republic	Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia

Third Republic	War in Afghanistan Iraq War 2003 invasion of Iraq Occupation of Iraq

Lists of wars involving European countries

Sovereign states	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom

States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Kosovo Nagorno-Karabakh Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria

Dependencies and other territories	Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard

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