List of Bohemian monarchs

This is a list of Bohemian monarchs or a list of Czech monarchs who ruled the Czech lands (known in English as Bohemia before the early 20th century) from the establishment of the Duchy of Bohemia in 870 (from 1004 to 1806 a part of Holy Roman Empire), as Kingdom of Bohemia from 1212, and in 1620-1918 as a part of Austria-Hungary. Following the dissolution of the monarchy, the Czech lands became part of Czechoslovakia, and form today's Czech Republic since 1993.

Legendary rulers of Bohemia

• Praotec Čech (Pater Boemus)
• Krok
• Libuše, duchess; Přemysl, the Ploughman, her husband.
• Nezamysl
• Mnata
• Vojen
• Vnislav
• Křesomysl
• Neklan
• Hostivít

Bohemian tribal rulers

• Lech (fl. 805), defeated by Charles the Younger.

Carolingian rulers

• Charles the Younger (806 - 811)
• Louis the Pious (811 - 817)
• Louis the German (817 - 840)
• Arnulf of Carinthia (888 - 899)
• Louis the Child (900 - 911)

Princes of Great Moravia

• Mojmír I (c.830–846)
• Rastislav (846–870)
• Slavomír (871) (interim)
• Svatopluk I (871–894)
• Mojmír II (894–906?)

Dukes of Bohemia (c. 870 – 1198)

Dukes of Bohemia
House of Přemyslid
Image	Name	Date	Notes
	Bořivoj I	c. 870–888/9
	Spytihněv I	894–915	Son of Bořivoj I.
	Vratislaus I (Vratislav)	915–921	Brother of Spytihněv I.
	Wenceslaus I (Václav)	921–935	Son of Vratislaus I; known as St. Wenceslaus ("Good King Wenceslas" for English speaking people), the patron saint of the Czech lands
	Boleslaus I the Cruel (Boleslav I. Ukrutný)	935–972	Brother of Wenceslaus I.
	Boleslaus II the Pious (Boleslav II. Pobožný)	972–999	Son of Boleslaus I.
	Boleslaus III the Redhead (Boleslav III. Ryšavý)	999–1002	Son of Boleslaus II.
	Vladivoj	1002–1003	Of the Piast dynasty (?). Said to be first cousin of Boleslav III. Polish name Władywoj
	Boleslaus III	1003	Second time
	Boleslaus the Brave (Boleslav Chrabrý)	1003–1004	Member of the Piast dynasty; brother of Vladivoj (?), grandson of Boleslaus I. Duke and later king of Poland
	Jaromír	1004–1012	Brother of Boleslaus III.
	Oldřich	1012–1033	Brother of Jaromír
	Jaromír	1033–1034	Second time
	Oldřich	1034	Second time
	Bretislaus I (Břetislav I.)	1034–1055	Son of Oldřich
	Spytihněv II	1055–1061	Son of Bretislaus I.
	Vratislaus II (Vratislav II.)	1061–1092	Brother of Spytihněv II. King 1085–1092 as Vratislaus I.
	Conrad I (Konrád I. Brněnský)	1092	Brother of Vratislavus II.
	Bretislaus II (Břetislav II.)	1092–1100	Nephew of Conrad I, son of Vratislav II.
	Bořivoj II	1101–1107	Brother of Bretislaus II.
	Svatopluk (Svatopluk Olomoucký)	1107–1109	First cousin of Bořivoj II.
	Vladislaus I (Vladislav I.)	1109–1117	Brother of Bořivoj II.
	Bořivoj II	1117–1120	Second time
	Vladislaus I	1120–1125	Second time
	Soběslav I	1125–1140	Brother of Vladislaus I.
	Vladislaus II (Vladislav II.)	1140–1172	Nephew of Sobeslaus I, son of Duke Vladislaus I. King 1158–1172 as Vladislaus I.
	Frederick (Bedřich)	1172–1173	Son of Vladislaus II.
	Soběslav II	1173–1178	First cousin once removed of Frederick, Son of Sobeslaus I.
	Frederick	1178–1189	Second time
	Conrad II Otto (Konrád II. Ota)	1189–1191	Descendant of Conrad I.
	Wenceslaus II (Václav II.)	1191–1192	Brother of Sobeslaus II.
	Ottokar I (Přemysl I. Otakar)	1192–1193	Son of Vladislaus II.
	Henry Bretislaus (Jindřich Břetislav)	1193–1197	First cousin of Ottokar I.
	Vladislaus Henry (Vladislav Jindřich)	1197	Brother of Ottokar I.
	Ottokar I	1197–1198	Second time. Became king in 1198, and his descendants retained the title.

Kings of Bohemia (1085–1092, 1158–1172, 1198–1918)

Kings of Bohemia
House of Přemyslid
Image	Name	Date	Notes
	Vratislaus II (Vratislav II.)	1085–1092	First King of Bohemia as of 15 June 1085. He ruled as Vratislaus I. under non-hereditary royal title.
	Vladislaus II (Vladislav II.)	1158–1172	Nephew of Sobeslaus I, son of Duke Vladislaus I. King 1158–1172 as Vladislaus I. Father of king Ottokar I
	Ottokar I (Přemysl I. Otakar)	1198–1230	First king of hereditary royal title confirmed by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor in 1212 by issuing Golden Bull of Sicily
	Wenceslaus I (Václav I.)	1230–1253	Son of Ottokar I.
	Ottokar II (Přemysl II. Otakar)	1253–1278	Son of Wenceslaus I. Also Duke of Austria, Duke of Styria, Duke of Carinthia and Duke of Carniola.
	Wenceslaus II (Václav II.)	1278–1305	Son of Ottokar II. Also Duke of Kraków (from 1291) and King of Poland (1300–1305).
	Wenceslaus III (Václav III.)	1305–1306	Son of Wenceslaus II. Uncrowned (as Bohemian king). Also King of Hungary and King of Poland.
Non-Dynastic
	Henry the Carinthian (Jindřich Korutanský)	1306	Meinhardiner. Son-in-law of Wenceslaus II. Non-crowned.
	Rudolph I (Rudolf I.)	1306–1307	Habsburg. Second husband of Elisabeth Richeza of Poland, widow of Wenceslaus II. Non-crowned.
	Henry the Carinthian	1307–1310	Second time
House of Luxembourg
	John the Blind (Jan Lucemburský)	1310–1346	Son-in-law of Wenceslaus II.
	Charles IV (Karel IV.)	1346–1378	Son of John. Also Holy Roman Emperor as Charles IV.
	Wenceslaus IV (Václav IV.)	1378–1419	Son of Charles IV. Also King of the Romans until 1400.
	Sigismund (Zikmund)	1419–1437	Brother of Wenceslaus IV. Ruled effective 1436–1437 only (because of the Hussite Revolution). Also Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary.
House of Habsburg
	Albert (Albrecht Habsburský)	1437–1439	Son-in-law of Sigismund. Also King of the Romans and of Hungary.
	Interregnum	1440–1453	The succession of Albert's son was not recognized by the Czech nobility for the most of this era; the land was administered by the Landfrieden (provincial & territorial).
	Ladislaus the Posthumous (Ladislav Pohrobek)	1453–1457	Son of Albert born after his father's death. Also King of Hungary.
Non-Dynastic
	George of Podebrady (Jiří z Poděbrad)	1457–1471	Elected king from the Czech noble family House of Kunštát. Although he had descendants, the succession devolved to the prince from Polish kingdom.
	Matthias Corvinus (Matyáš Korvín)	1469–1490	King of Hungary, elected by the insurgent Catholic Czech aristocrats as anti-king in 1469, but never crowned. In 1479, he agreed to limit his rule to Moravia, Silesia, and Lusatia, while retaining his title.
House of Jagiellon
	Vladislaus II the Jagiellonian (Vladislav II. Jagellonský)	1471–1516	Nephew of Ladislaus the Posthumous; elected on request of his predecessor George. Also King of Hungary after 1490.
	Louis the Jagiellonian (Ludvík Jagellonský)	1516–1526	Son of Vladislaus II. Also King of Hungary.
House of Habsburg
	Ferdinand I	1526–1564	Brother-in-law of Louis; elected king. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor-elect from 1558.
	Maximilian I (Maxmilián I.)	1564–1576	Son of Ferdinand I, grandson of Vladislaus II. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Rudolph II (Rudolf II.)	1576–1611	Son of Maximilian I. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Mathias (Matyáš)	1611–1619	Brother of Rudolph II. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Ferdinand II	1619–1637	Cousin of Matthias. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Frederick I	1619–1620	Member of the House of Wittelsbach. Elected by the Crown's Estates at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War but after the lost Battle of White Mountain he fled the country.
	Ferdinand III	1627–1657	Son of Ferdinand II. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Ferdinand IV	1646–1654	Son of Ferdinand III. Junior co-monarch during his father's reign. Also King of Hungary and King of the Romans.
	Leopold I	1657–1705	Brother of Ferdinand IV. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Joseph I (Josef I.)	1705–1711	Son of Leopold I. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Charles II (Karel II.)	1711–1740	Brother of Joseph I. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor as Charles VI.
	Charles Albert (Karel Albrecht)	1741–1743	Member of the House of Wittelsbach. Son-in-law of Joseph I. Anti-king to Maria Theresa during the War of the Austrian Succession. Also Holy Roman Emperor as Charles VII.
	Maria Theresa (Marie Terezie)	1740–1780	Daughter of Charles II. Also Queen of Hungary.
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
	Joseph II (Josef II.)	1780–1790	Son of Maria Theresa. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Leopold II	1790–1792	Brother of Joseph II. Also King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor.
	Francis I (František I.)	1792–1835	Son of Leopold II. Also King of Hungary, Holy Roman Emperor to 1806, Emperor of Austria from 1804.
	Ferdinand V	1835–1848	Son of Francis I. Also Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary. Last crowned King of Bohemia. Forced to abdicate during the Revolution of 1848.
	Francis Joseph I (František Josef I.)	1848–1916	Nephew of Ferdinand V. Also Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary.
	Charles III (Karel III.)	1916–1918	Grandnephew of Francis Joseph I. Also Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary. Ruled briefly during World War I, in November 1918 renounced participation in state affairs but did not abdicate.

See also

• List of Bohemian consorts

Monarchs of Bohemia
Přemyslid	c. 870–1198 (Dukes) Bořivoj I Spytihněv I Vratislaus I Saint Wenceslaus Boleslaus I Boleslaus II Boleslaus III Vladivoj Boleslaus the Brave1 Jaromír Oldřich Bretislaus I Spytihněv II Vratislaus II (I)2 Conrad I Bretislaus II Bořivoj II Svatopluk the Lion Vladislaus I Sobeslaus I Vladislaus II (I)2 Frederick Sobeslaus II Frederick Conrad II Otto Wenceslaus II Ottokar I Henry Bretislaus Vladislaus III Henry 1198–1306 (Kings) Ottokar I Wenceslaus I Ottokar II Wenceslaus II Wenceslaus III
Non-dynastic	1306–1310 Henry the Carinthian Rudolph I
Luxembourg	1310–1437 John the Blind Charles IV (I) Wenceslaus IV Sigismund
Habsburg	1437–1457 Albert Interregnum Ladislaus the Posthumous
Non-dynastic	1457–1471 George Matthias Corvinus3
Jagiellonian	1471–1526 Vladislaus II Louis
Habsburg	1526–1780 Ferdinand I Maximilian Rudolph II Matthias Ferdinand II Frederick4 Ferdinand III Leopold I Joseph I Charles II Charles Albert (II)3, 5 Maria Theresa
Habsburg-Lorraine	1780–1918 Joseph II Leopold II Francis II (I) Ferdinand V Francis Joseph Charles I (III)
1 Duke of Poland from the Piast dynasty 2 During his reign obtained non-hereditary royal title 3 Antiking 4 Elector Palatine from the Wittelsbach dynasty 5 Prince-elector of Bavaria from the Wittelsbach dynasty