Italian destroyer Caio Duilio

History
Name:	Caio Duilio
Namesake:	Gaius Duilius
Ordered:	October 27, 2000
Builder:	Horizon Sas and Fincantieri. Riva Trigoso and Muggiano shipyards.
Laid down:	September 19, 2003
Launched:	October 23, 2007
Commissioned:	April 3, 2009
In service:	September 22, 2011
Homeport:	La Spezia
Motto:	Nomen Numen
Status:	In service
General characteristics
Class and type:	Orizzonte-class
Type:	Destroyer
Displacement:	7,050 t (7.770t) Full load[1]
Length:	152.9 m (501.6 ft)
Beam:	20.3 m (66.6 ft)
Draft:	7.6 m (24.9 ft)
Installed power:	4 diesel generators Isotta Fraschini VL1716T2ME (1,680 KW each) 2 power stations
Propulsion:	CODOG: 2 GE/Avio LM2500 Gas Turbine Engines 20.5 MW each 2 SEMT Pielstick 12 PA6 STC Diesel Engines 4.32 MW each 2 Variable pitch propellers 1 Bow thruster
Speed:	29 kn (Gas Turbines Engines) 18 kn (Diesel Engines)
Range:	7,000 NM at 18 kn 3,500 NM at 24 kn
Endurance:	45 days
Capacity:	Accommodations for 255
Complement:	24 officers 87 petty officers 82 sailors
Crew:	193 + 37 Staff including Boarding/Security and Flight teams
Sensors and processing systems:	Surface search radar in E/F band Selex RAN 30X/I (RASS) Multi-functional 3D phased array radar in G band Selex SPY-790 (EMPAR) (Principal sensor of PAAMS) Long Range 3D Radar in D band Thales/Selex S1850M Secondary Surveillance Radar Selex SIR R/S Navigation and Helo decking radar in I band Selex SPN 753(V)4 (NAVR) 2 Multi-Sensor target indiction system NA 25X (Radar and electro-optical sensor RTN-30X) Bispectral IR detection and tracking system Sagem Vampir MB (IRAS) ESM System SLQ-750 made-up by a WB (Wideband) receiver and 2 HSFA (Superheterodyne) receivers Medium frequency hull sonar Thales UMS 4110CL Electronic Warfare (Nettuno 4100): 2 Radar Jammers 2 Oto Melara SCLAR-H decoys launcher system for chaff and flares Anti-torpedo system SLAT: Low frequency towed array sonar 2 acoustic decoy launchers
Armament:	Artillery: 3 Oto Melara 76/62 mm Super-Rapid guns (ILDS) 2 Oto Melara Oerlikon KBA 25/80 mm guns Torpedoes: 2 EuroTorp torpedo tubes B515/1 with semi-automatic handling system for MU 90 lightweight torpedoes Missiles: PAAMS (Principal Anti-Air Missile System) 6 DCNS Vertical Launch System Sylver A50 modules with 48 cells for MBDA short range Aster 15 or medium range Aster 30 missiles + fitted for 16 cells additional fitted for 8 S/S Teseo Mk2/A missile launchers
Aircraft carried:	1 AgustaWestland AW101 or 1 NHIndustries NH90 armed with MU90 torpedoes or Marte Mk2/S A/S missiles
Notes:	ITU:

Caio Duilio is a destroyer of the Italian Navy. She and her sister Italian destroyer Andrea Doria form the Andrea Doria class; in turn these two ships, and the French vessels Forbin and Chevalier Paul, belong to the Horizon class. Caio Duilio is marked by hull number D554 according to NATO classification.

History

Background

The ship takes her name from the 3rd century BC Roman leader and admiral Gaius Duilius (Caio Duilio in Italian). Duilius ordered the construction of 120 ships that were armed with hooked bridges called corvus, Latin for “crow”. This innovation allowed the Romans to defeat the powerful enemy fleet of Carthage transforming the naval battle into a melee combat.

The Coat of Arms of Caio Duilio.

After the victory over the Carthaginians at the Battle of Mylae in 260 BC, Duilius was honored with a triumphal parade and the erection in the Roman Forum of a column adorned with the beaks of captured Carthaginian warships; the column both became his symbol and appears today in the coat of arms of the ship.

The destroyer Caio Duilio is the fourth Italian warship with this historical name. The first, the ironclad Caio Duilio, was commissioned in 1886 and served until 1909. Fitted with the largest guns available, 100-ton 450 mm calibre muzzle-loading guns, she was regarded as the most powerful warship afloat in her day. The second unit, the Andrea Doria-class battleship Caio Duilio, was commissioned on 24 April 1913 and was subsequently refitted in 1937, serving in the Regia Marina during World War I and World War II; while the third, the Andrea Doria-class missile cruiser Italian cruiser Caio Duilio, was commissioned in 1960 and served until 1990 during the Cold War. Caio Duilio was launched on October 23, 2007 and transported to Muggiano shipyard on October 29 for the mounting of the combat system.

Caio Duilio's motto refers to the ancient Roman tradition, in which the name acquires religious connotations. Some ancient fragments point up this intimate meaning. "Nomen Numen" can be translated as "the name means power".

Career

On February 12, 2008 she made the first sea trial and, after the admission into military fleet which took place on April 3, 2009, in Gulf of La Spezia she took part, together with Andrea Doria and French ships Forbin and Chevalier Paul, in a joint exercise which brought together the whole Horizon class on May 5, 2009.

Caio Duilio was, along with the aircraft carrier Cavour and the training ship Amerigo Vespucci, one of the Navy Units visitable in Civitavecchia harbour on the Day of the Unification of Italy and the Armed Forces on November 4, 2009.^[2]

She participated in the naval parades for the celebrations of the Italian Navy Day in Naples on June 10, 2010^[3] and in La Spezia on June 10, 2011,^[4] in the presence of President Giorgio Napolitano.

During the development of many complex systems on board, and during the trials that led her many times in the Naval Station of Taranto, she made her debut in the international arena during NATO exercise Proud Manta 2011^[5] from February 4 to February 17, 2011, in the waters of the Ionian Sea, even before the delivery of the Battle Ensign (that took place in Gaeta on September 22, 2011),^[6] working together with ships, submarines and aircraft of nine allied nations.

Nowadays Caio Duilio is the only destroyer based in La Spezia harbour, flagship of the Commander of First Naval Group (COMGRUPNAV 1) and under the command of Captain Gaetano Virgilio.

Commanding officers

Description

The destroyer with the USS Stout seen from the bow of Etna.

Caio Duilio is a multirole ship, with a bias towards anti-aircraft warfare (the ship is much more capable in this role than the older destroyers) and short and medium-range defence capabilities. She is also highly capable in anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare.

The ship has been designed to take and operate with Rotary wing aircraft (AW101 and NH-90) of much higher performance and more autonomy than previous generation helicopters. The handling of wheeled helicopters on the flight deck is guaranteed up to sea state 6 by the semi-automatic Canadian system TC-ASIST^[7] of Indal Technologies committing to these operations a single operator.

By type of ship and technology aboard Caio Duilio is able to cover a broad spectrum of maritime activities, ranging from high-intensity military operations to Maritime Security operations. The missions that the unit can perform are:

• Escort role in an aircraft carrier battle group or naval convoy;
• Command and control of joint and combined maritime operations in all forms of aeronaval warfare;
• Naval Command in support or integrated in the National Air Defense organization;
• Relief operations in case of natural disasters, crisis response and humanitarian operations;
• Counter-piracy operations.

The ship was designed to be as little detectable by radar as possible, by using stealth technology for the hull and superstructure. Sea-keeping in unfavorable weather conditions is granted by two pairs of stabilizers.

The acoustic signature was also reduced with an appropriate choice of machinery and engineering solutions and verifying the intensity of the radiated noise, since the design phase. Equal attention has been directed in the infrared (IR) signature branch, by lowering the temperature of engine gases through coaxial exhausts.

Combat system

After the abandonment of the old system of command and control SADOC, which is used in the latest modernized version in the Durand de la Penne and Maestrale classes, an integrated type CMS (Command Management System)^[8] based on Linux OS was installed by EuroSysNav. This is provided with 10 redundant servers and 24 consoles named MFC (Multi Function Console), of which 19 are located in the Primary CIC (Combat Information Centre), 3 in the secondary CIC in a remote area from the primary CIC, 1 in the Admiral CIC (for staff at the level of CTF/CTG, equipped with special command support systems) and 1 in the bridge for the officer of the watch.

The Combat Information Centre.

With a MFC each operator, once logged in with own user name and password, can access to all relevant tactical data to his role and has also the possibility to use some common features such as watching the video of cameras or of the IR system, the weapons engagement plan, the situation of the hardware and software subsystems, the flight orders or the weather situation. Web-browsing allows a range of information going from messaging, data exchange with the Command Support System, the weather state and information pages of various kinds.

Once put the ships to escort and the relative priority in the CMS, the system automatically performs the control and the evaluation of dangerous of each air target, and suggests the possible engagement with missiles, artillery or jammers. The system can control up to 24 Aster missiles simultaneously in flight, providing to operators the kill assessment.

There is also a training module that, under the supervision of a "Exercise Director", allows to simulate complex tactical situations faithfully reproducing the capabilities of weapons and sensors on board and allowing you to place exercises were previously possible only with the ship actually at sea.

For the first time in the history of the Italian Navy a ship is provided with an autonomous meteorological and oceanographic system (Metoc), capable of launching atmospheric balloons to make sonar, optical sensors and radar range prediction.

All subsystems, in integrated mode, operate directly managed by the CMS, but in case of battle damage can be managed locally, thus providing a combat Unity survival.

The DCNS Multi-link system, to be replaced in next future with Elsag Datamat M-DLP (Multi Data Link Processor),^[9] allows the simultaneous handling of multiple network links (with gateway and forwarding functions) of Link 11, Link 16 type, on radio or on satellite vector. These vectors, also for the voice comms, are fully integrated and managed by the CMS through the subsystem FICS (Fully Integrated Communications System)^[10] by Thales Communications.

Platform

The PMS console on bridge.

The Platform Management System (PMS),^[11] designed by DCNS, allows to command and monitor machinery, electrical equipment, auxiliary services and security services. The entire system can be managed by a simple laptop but it has its own dedicated consoles in the Operative Platform Office, in the two Security Control Posts (fore and aft), on the bridge and in every technical areas.

The unit's hull is divided into two vulnerability areas by a double bulkhead and a cofferdam to improve anti-fire and anti-flooding characteristics. Each vulnerability area is in turn formed by two security zones divided into watertight compartments that provide buoyancy with three adjacent compartments flooded. Many systems, both of the platform than of the combat system, are duplicated so that each vulnerability area is independent by the other.

Most of the rooms are equipped with automatic fire and smoke detection systems. Moreover every room is equipped with sprinklers for water, for the additive F-500^[12] (higher performance compared to the foam) or CO₂ extinguisher systems. These, unlike the previous generation units, are activated remotely from Security Post by the PMS.

For what concerns CBRN (Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear) warfare, there are a specially dedicated decontamination station, a series of new generation sensors for such hazards detection disseminated throughout the ship^[13] and an external prewashing facility.

The propulsion system consists of two controllable pitch propellers, which can be coupled independently of each other, via gear couplings, with a diesel engine or a gas turbine in a typical CODOG configuration. The manoeuvrability is provided by a pair of rudders and an electric powered bow thruster.

The daily production of drinking water is 50 m³ because of two installed reverse osmosis desalinators.

The VLS Sylver A50.

Notes

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Caio Duilio (D 554).

External links

• Page on Italian Navy website (in italian)