Iranian diaspora

Iranians abroad or Iranian diaspora are Iranian people living outside of Iran and their children born abroad.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

According to various sources, in 2010, there were an estimated four to five million Iranians living abroad, mostly in North America, Europe, Persian Gulf States, Turkey, Australia and the broader Middle East.[7][8][9][10] For the most part, they emigrated after the Iranian Revolution in 1979.

Students abroad

According to the Iranian government in 2013, 55,686 Iranian students were studying abroad.[11] Out of this number, 8,883 students were studying in Malaysia, 7,341 in the United States, 5,638 in Canada, 3,504 in Germany, 3,364 in Turkey, 3,228 in Britain, and the rest in other countries.[12][13] According to an estimate by the Iranian Ministry of Education, between 350 and 500 thousand Iranians were studying outside of Iran as of 2014.[14]

According to experts, a Western-educated Iranian can earn in excess of $15,000 a month, up to about $250,000 a year, in a senior executive role at a Western conglomerate in Iran.[15][16]

Statistics by country

List of countries and territories by Iranian population
Country[note 1] Iranian-born[note 2] Residents of Iranian ancestry[note 3] Article
 United States 283,225 (2000)[note 4][17] 448,722 (2010 United States Census)[18] to around 1-2 million (2014 - U.S. Government and other sources)[17][19][20][21][22][23][24] Iranian American
 Turkey ~500,000 (2010)[25]
 Qatar 27,000[26] Iranians in Qatar
United Arab Emirates UAE 400,000-500,000[27][28] (2008) [note 4][29] Iranians in the United Arab Emirates
 Canada 95,420 (2006) 200,005 (2015)[note 4][30] Iranian Canadian
 Germany 100,000[31] - 120,000[32] (2003) Iranians in Germany
 Kuwait 80,000 (2003)[33] Ajam of Kuwait
 Malaysia 100,000[34][35] Iranians in Malaysia
 Sweden 53,892 (2000)[9] 92,428 (2011)[note 2][36] Swedish Iranians
 Japan 12,000 (2000)[37] 7,000 (2000)[38] Iranians in Japan
 Russia 50,000 (2002)[39] Iranians in Russia
 Bahrain 173,000 (2014)[40] Persians in Bahrain
 Israel 47,800 (2007)[41] 135,000 (2007)[41] Iranians in Israel
 United Kingdom 83,000 (2011)[42] Iranians in the United Kingdom
 Netherlands 35,561 (2014)[43] Iranians in the Netherlands
 Australia 34,455 (2011)[44] 36,168 (2011)[note 4][45] Iranian Australian
 France 18,376 (2000)[9] Iranians in France
 Denmark 8,977 (1991)[38]
 Italy 7,444 (2010)[38]
 Austria 16,203 (1.1.2015)[46] 17,000-20,000 (2013)[47]
  Switzerland 4,044 (2000)[38]
 Norway 17,913 (2012)[48] Norwegian Iranians
 New Zealand 2,895 (2006)[49] Iranian New Zealander
 Lebanon 4,000[50] - 5,000[51] Iranians in Lebanon
 Spain 12,344 (2011)[52] Iranians in Spain
 Portugal 339 (2011)[53]
 Azerbaijan
 Iraq Persians in Iraq
 Syria Iranians in Syria
 Pakistan Iranians in Pakistan
 Thailand Iranians in Thailand
 China Iranians in China
 Philippines Iranians in the Philippines
Total:

Politics

Office-holders

Economics

Their combined net worth is $1.3 trillion (2006 est.)[54][7][55][56] In 2000, the Iran Press Service reported that Iranian expatriates had invested between $200 and $400 billion in the United States, Europe, and China, but almost nothing in Iran.[9] In Dubai, Iranian expatriates have invested an estimated $200 billion (2006).[57] Migrant Iranian workers abroad remitted less than two billion dollars home in 2006.[58]

High net-worth individuals

National ranking Name Citizenship Net worth (USD) Source(s) of wealth
1Pierre Omidyar
IranUnited States
8.7 billion [59]eBay
2Ghermezian family
IranCanada
4.0 billion [60]Triple Five Group
3Farhad Moshiri
IranUnited Kingdom
2.8 billion [61]Metalloinvest, Arsenal F.C.
4Nazarian family
IranUnited States
2.0 billion [62]Qualcomm
5Vincent & Robert Tchenguiz
IranUnited Kingdom
1.4 billion [63][64]Real Estate
6Manny Mashouf
IranUnited States
1.3 billion [65]Bebe stores
7Merage family
IranUnited States
1.1 billion [66]Hot Pockets
8Nasser David Khalili
IranUnited Kingdom
1.0 billion [67]Real Estate
9Hassan Khosrowshahi
IranCanada
950 million [68]Future Shop
10Omid Kordestani
IranUnited States
900 million [69]Google
11Anousheh Ansari
IranUnited States
750 million [70]Sonus Networks
12Isaac Larian
IranUnited States
723 million [69]MGA Entertainment
13Arash Ferdowsi
IranUnited States
400 million [71]Dropbox

Expatriate fund

The government has proposed setting up a joint investment fund with $5 billion in basic capital and an economic union to serve Iranians living abroad. The stated goal is to attract investment from Iranian expatriates and using their experience in stimulating foreign investments.[72] Later, in 2010, it was announced that Iran will start the process by creating a national fund with a basic capital of eight million euros. This fund will later transform into a bank.[7]

The currency used in the fund is the euro and investors are supported by the Organization for Investment, Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran. Iran will pay a guaranteed 10 percent interest on foreign investment.[73] The value of each share in the fund is 1,000 euros. The minimum and the maximum investment amounts are 100,000 and 500,000 shares [sic], respectively.[73]

Religious affiliation

A number of Iranians have converted to Christianity in the diaspora from the predominant Shia Islam. While this group accounts for rather a small percentage of the total diaspora population, it is now far from marginal, with dozens of Iranian churches existing throughout countries with significant Iranian communities, inclunding the United States, Canada,[74] the United Kingdom,[75] Sweden, and Germany.[76] There also notable groups of Baha'i and Jewish Iranians.

A significant number of Iranians abroad are irreligious, Agnostic and Atheist.[77][78][79] While reliable statistics are difficult to come by, it is safe to say that the percentage of irreligious Iranians is significantly higher in the diaspora than in Iran, particularly with regard to Iranian-Americans and those living in Europe and Canada.[80]

Notes

[note 1] The Iranian citizens abroad (scope of this article) differ from the other Iranian peoples living in other areas of Greater Iran, who are of related ethno-linguistical family, speaking languages belonging to the Iranian languages (a branch of Indo-European languages). There are an estimated 150 to 200 million native speakers of Iranian languages (including 80 million in Iran as of 2016), the five major groups of Persians, Lurs, Pashtuns, Kurds and Baloch accounting for about 90% of this number.[81] Currently, most of these Iranian people live in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, parts of Uzbekistan (especially Samarkand and Bukhara), the Caucasus (Ossetia and Azerbaijan) and the Kurdish areas (referred to as Kurdistan) of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria. Smaller groups of Iranian people can also be found in India (Parsi) and western China. Due to recent migrations, there are also large communities of speakers of Iranian languages in Europe, the Americas and Israel.

[note 2] In some countries naturalized citizens, dual citizens, or children with only one Iranian/foreign-born parent are counted (for statistical purposes) as citizens/nationals of the host country only (i.e. citizen of the country of residence). For example all naturalized Swiss citizens have a legal "Swiss origin" even though it is often not the same as their place of birth. Country statistics (by national origin) generally exclude illegal immigration.

[note 3] Same as "Iranian-born" but includes their children born abroad.

[note 4] Iranian ancestry (i.e. second or third generation), not necessarily Iranian citizenship.

[note 5] In the period from 1961 to 2005, the United States has been the main destination of Iranian emigrants. A total of 378,995 Iranians have immigrated to the United States in that period, where the major concentrations of Iranian immigrants are California (158,613 Iran-born in 2000),[17] New York state (17,323),[17] Texas (15,581),[17] Virginia (10,889),[17] and Maryland (9,733)[17] Los Angeles Metropolitan Area was estimated to be host to approximately 114,712 Iranian immigrants,[17] earning the Westwood area of LA the nickname Tehrangeles. In the case of the United States, the US Census Bureau's decennial census form does not offer a designation for individuals of Iranian descent. Consequently, it is estimated that only a fraction of the total number of Iranians are writing in their ancestry. The 2000 Census Bureau estimates that the Iranian-American community (including the US-born children of the Iranian foreign born) numbers around 330,000. However, studies using alternative statistical methods have estimated the actual number of Iranian Americans in the range of 691,000 to 1.2 million.[9][82]

See also

References

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  2. ↑ "Central Asia and the Caucasus". Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  3. ↑ Shirin Hakimzadeh, "Iran: A Vast Diaspora Abroad and Millions of Refugees at Home", Migration Policy Institute, September 2006 (Retrieved 2011-06-23.)
  4. ↑ James S. Kessler, "Iranians", The Encyclopedia of Chicago, 2004 (Retrieved 2011-06-23.)
  5. ↑ "افزایش مهاجرت جوانان آذری به ترکیه". Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  6. ↑ Азербайджанцы хорошо интегрированы в германское общество – Нусрет Дельбест | Азербайджанцы хорошо интегрированы в германское общество – Нусрет Дельбест | Ежедневный информационный ресурс – "Azeri.ru – Азербайджанцы в России". "Azeri.ru. Retrieved on 201106-18.
  7. 1 2 3 "No Operation". Presstv.com. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
  8. ↑ Esfandiari, Golnaz (2004-03-08). "Iran: Coping With The World's Highest Rate Of Brain Drain - RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY". Rferl.org. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 "Migration Information Source - Iran: A Vast Diaspora Abroad and Millions of Refugees at Home". Migrationinformation.org. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
  10. ↑ According to one 2012-Pew study there were only 1,340,000 Iranian-born expatriates."Faith on the Move: The Religious Affiliation of International Migrants". Pewforum.org. 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
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  14. ↑ http://www.payvand.com/news/14/sep/1002.html
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Sources

External links

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