IRF3

IRF3
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases IRF3, entrez:3661, IIAE7, interferon regulatory factor 3
External IDs OMIM: 603734 MGI: 1859179 HomoloGene: 1208 GeneCards: IRF3
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez

3661

54131

Ensembl

ENSG00000126456

ENSMUSG00000003184

UniProt

Q14653

P70671

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_016849

RefSeq (protein)

NP_058545.1

Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 49.66 – 49.67 Mb Chr 7: 45 – 45 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Interferon regulatory factor 3, also known as IRF3, is an interferon regulatory factor.[3]

Function

IRF3 is a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family.[3] IRF3 was originally discovered as a homolog of IRF1 and IRF2. IRF3 has been further characterized and shown to contain several functional domains including a nuclear export signal, a DNA-binding domain, a C-terminal IRF association domain and several regulatory phosphorylation sites.[4] IRF3 is found in an inactive cytoplasmic form that upon serine/threonine phosphorylation forms a complex with CREBBP.[5] This complex translocates to the nucleus and activates the transcription of interferons alpha and beta, as well as other interferon-induced genes.[6]

IRF3 plays an important role in the innate immune system's response to viral infection.[7] Aggregated MAVS have been found to activate IRF3 dimerization.[8] A recent study shows phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STING and TRIF at a conserved pLxIS motif recruits and specifies IRF3 phosphorylation and activation by the Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1, thereby restricts the production of type-I interferons.[9]

Signaling pathway of toll-like receptors. Dashed grey lines represent unknown associations

Interactions

IRF3 has been shown to interact with IRF7.[10]

References

  1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
  2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
  3. 1 2 Hiscott J, Pitha P, Genin P, Nguyen H, Heylbroeck C, Mamane Y, Algarte M, Lin R (1999). "Triggering the interferon response: the role of IRF-3 transcription factor". J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 19 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1089/107999099314360. PMID 10048763.
  4. Lin R, Heylbroeck C, Genin P, Pitha PM, Hiscott J (Feb 1999). "Essential Role of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 in Direct Activation of RANTES Chemokine Transcription". Mol Cell Biol. 19 (2): 959–66. PMC 116027Freely accessible. PMID 9891032.
  5. Yoneyama M, Suhara W, Fujita T (2002). "Control of IRF-3 activation by phosphorylation". J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 22 (1): 73–6. doi:10.1089/107999002753452674. PMID 11846977.
  6. "Entrez Gene: IRF3 interferon regulatory factor 3".
  7. Collins SE, Noyce RS, Mossman KL (Feb 2004). "Innate Cellular Response to Virus Particle Entry Requires IRF3 but Not Virus Replication". J Virol. 78 (4): 1706–17. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.4.1706-1717.2004. PMC 369475Freely accessible. PMID 14747536.
  8. Hou F, Sun L, Zheng H, Skaug B, Jiang QX, Chen ZJ (Aug 5, 2011). "MAVS Forms Functional Prion-Like Aggregates To Activate and Propagate Antiviral Innate Immune Response". Cell. 146 (3): 448–61. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.06.041. PMC 3179916Freely accessible. PMID 21782231.
  9. Liu S, Cai X, Wu J, Cong Q, Chen X, Li T, Du F, Ren J, Wu Y, Grishin N, and Chen ZJ (Mar 13, 2015). "Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STING, and TRIF induces IRF3 activation.". Science. 347 (6227): aaa2630. doi:10.1126/science.aaa2630. PMID 25636800.
  10. Au WC, Yeow WS, Pitha PM (Feb 2001). "Analysis of functional domains of interferon regulatory factor 7 and its association with IRF-3". Virology. 280 (2): 273–82. doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0782. PMID 11162841.

Further reading

External links

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