Hatfield Broad Oak

Hatfield Broad Oak

The Church of St Mary the Virgin
Hatfield Broad Oak
 Hatfield Broad Oak shown within Essex
Population 1,276 (2011 Census)[1]
OS grid referenceTL546166
   – London 25 mi (40 km)  SW
DistrictUttlesford
Shire countyEssex
RegionEast
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town Bishop's Stortford
Postcode district CM22 7
Dialling code 01279
Police Essex
Fire Essex
Ambulance East of England
EU Parliament East of England
UK ParliamentSaffron Walden
List of places
UK
England
Essex

Coordinates: 51°49′38″N 0°14′33″E / 51.82712°N 0.24257°E / 51.82712; 0.24257

Hatfield Broad Oak (also known as HBO or Hatfield Regis[2]) is a village and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. The village is approximately 5 miles (8 km) south-east of Bishop's Stortford. Near the church of St Mary the Virgin is former Benedictine priory Hatfield Regis Priory.

History

Traces of Bronze Age occupation have been found in the parish, including the Portingbury Hills mound in Hatfield Forest.[3]

The settlement of Hatfield was well established by the time of the Norman Conquest and its Domesday Book population of 115 put it as the ninth biggest settlement in Essex. At one time a royal manor of Harold I, it fell under the possession of William I. Popular for hunting in the neighbouring forest, its royal patronage led to its becoming known as Hatfield Regis, or King's Hatfield, partly to distinguish it from Hatfield Peverel, also in Essex.[4]

By the time the priory was dissolved, the town had over 1000 residents.[3]

The name Hatfield Broad Oak has been used since at least 1136, and the eponymous oak was mentioned in record in 1295. The forest still contains the fenced remains of a very large oak known as the "Doodle Oak", estimated as 850 years old, though it is believed to be a different tree to that which gave the parish its name. Hatfield forest, is an Ancient woodland, a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and a National Nature Reserve (NNR). It is now in the possession of the National Trust.[3] The modern hedges in Hatfield Broad Oak still follow the boundaries the ancient forest following clearances known as Assarting.[5] A phonetic version of the name might be that recorded in 1381 as "Hatfeld Broodhook"[6]

Hatfield was at one time a thriving market town. At the time of the 2001 Census it had a population of 1,600.[7]

Community

At around 8,800 acres (36 km2) the parish is one of the largest in Essex, stretching 4 miles (6 km) north of the village, and was formerly divided into four "quarters": Town Quarter, Woodrow Quarter, Heath Quarter, and Broomsend Quarter. At the north end of the parish lies Hatfield Forest, known for its large oak trees.[8] Approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north of the village, and included in the parish, is the small village of Bush End, with its church, the Grade II listed St John the Evangelist, which dates to 1856.[9]

The Cock Inn, a public house, dates to the fifteenth century.[3]

St Mary's Church of England primary school was opened in 1816 as a National school.

Each May Bank holiday a 10 kilometre road race is held using a course running around the village.[10]

Church

A Saxon church was present in Hatfield at the time of the Domesday Book. The present parish church of St Mary the Virgin is early medieval, and has a stone tower with eight bells. The largest weighs 17cwt and was cast in 1782 by Patrick & Osborn, a private bell foundry, who at the time worked in direct competition to Whitechapel Bell Foundry.

The parish church was at one time part of the priory church but was rebuilt for separate parochial use towards the end of the fourteenth century and extended over the next century.[3]

The nave contains the mutilated stone effigy of Robert de Vere, 3rd Earl of Oxford, who was buried in the church in 1221. The writings belonging to the Barrington family are deposited in the north vestry; which is believed to have been part of the priory chapel. In the other vestry is a library, placed there in 1708, by Sir Charles Barrington.[8]

Governance

Hatfield Broad Oak is part of the electoral ward called Broad Oak and the Halingburys. The population of this ward at the 2011 census was 3,571.[11]

References

  1. ↑ "Civil Parish population 2011". Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  2. ↑ Hatfield Broad Oak Essex through time: Local history overview
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 W. R. Powell (1983). A History of the County of Essex: Volume 8. Victoria County History.
  4. ↑ "The Monastery of Hatfield Regis", Rev. Alan Jones. Displayed in Hatfield Broad Oak church
  5. ↑ Barker, Hugh Hedge Britannia 2012 Bloomsbury, London p26-7
  6. ↑ Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; CP40/483; year 1381; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT6/R2/CP40no483/483_0748.htm; second entry, second line
  7. ↑ Local Area Population and Ethnicity - Hatfield Broad Oak in Essex - Town-Guides.org
  8. 1 2 White's Directory of Essex, 1848
  9. ↑ Historic England. "Church of St John the Evangelist (1186259)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
  10. ↑ Hatfield Broad Oak 10k Road Race and 1 mile Fun Run
  11. ↑ "Broad Oak and the Haslingburys ward population 2011". Retrieved 26 September 2015.

See also

The Hundred Parishes

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