GER Class Y14

GER Class Y14
LNER Class J15

No. 65462 with a demonstration freight train

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	T. W. Worsdell
Builder	Stratford Works (270) Sharp, Stewart & Co. (19)
Build date	1883-1913
Total produced	289

Specifications
Configuration	0-6-0
UIC class	C n2
Gauge	4 ft 8 ¹⁄₂ in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.	4 ft 11 in (1.499 m)
Length	47 ft 3 in (14.40 m)
Loco weight	37.1 long tons (37.7 t; 41.6 short tons)
Tender weight	30.65 long tons (31.14 t; 34.33 short tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	5 long tons (5.1 t; 5.6 short tons)
Water cap	2,640 imp gal (12,000 l; 3,170 US gal)
Boiler pressure	160 psi (1,100 kPa)
Cylinders	Two, inside
Cylinder size	17 ¹⁄₂ in × 24 in (444 mm × 610 mm)

Performance figures
Tractive effort	16,940 lbf (75,400 N)

Career
Operators	Great Eastern Railway → London and North Eastern Railway → British Railways
Class	GER: Y14 LNER: J15
Power class	BR: 1P2F
Axle load class	LNER/BR: Route availability 1
Disposition	One preserved, remainder scrapped

The Great Eastern Railway (GER) Class Y14 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive. The LNER classified them J15.

The Class Y14 was designed by T.W. Worsdell for both freight and passenger duties - a veritable 'maid of all work'. Introduced in July 1883, they were so successful that all the succeeding chief superintendents continued to build new batches down to 1913 with little design change, the final total being 289.^[1] During World War I, 43 of the engines served in France and Belgium.^[2]

Background

On 10–11 December 1891, the Great Eastern Railway's Stratford Works built one of these locomotives and had it in steam with a coat of grey primer in 9 hours 47 minutes; this remains a world record. The locomotive then went off to run 36,000 miles (58,000 km) on Peterborough to London coal trains before coming back to the works for the final coat of paint. It lasted 40 years and ran a total of 1,127,750 miles (1,814,940 km).^[3]

Because of their light weight the locomotives were given the Route Availability (RA) number 1, indicating that they could work over nearly all routes.

Table of orders and numbers^[4]
Year	Order	Manufacturer	Quantity	GER Nos.	LNER Nos.	1946 Nos.	Notes
1883	Y14	Stratford Works	10	610–619	7610–7618, —	—
1884	K15	Stratford Works	20	620–639	7620–7639	—
1884	—	Sharp, Stewart & Co. 3146–3164	19	37–41, 119–124, 592–599	7037, 07038–07039, —, 7600, 7119–7124, 7592–7599	—	41 renumbered 600 in 1912
1885	N16	Stratford Works	10	680–689	7680–7689	—
1885–86	P17	Stratford Works	10	690–699	7690–7699	—
1886	M18	Stratford Works	10	800–809	7609, 7801–7809	—	800 renumbered 609 in 1892
1886–87	X18	Stratford Works	10	810–819	7810–7819	5350
1887	D20	Stratford Works	10	820–829	7820–7829	5351–5353
1887–88	U20	Stratford Works	10	527–536	7527–7536	5354–5356
1888	R21	Stratford Works	10	537–541, 830–834	7537–7541, 7830–7834	5357–5360
1889	T22	Stratford Works	10	835–844	7835–7844	5361–5364
1889	P23	Stratford Works	10	845–854	7845–7854	5365–5372
1889	T23	Stratford Works	10	855–864	7855–7864	5373–5375
1889	Y23	Stratford Works	10	865–874	7865–7874	5376–5381
1890	U25	Stratford Works	10	875–884	7875–7884	5382–5388
1890	Y25	Stratford Works	10	885–894	7885–7894	5389–5394
1891	L28	Stratford Works	10	895–904	7895–7904	5395–5400
1891	N28	Stratford Works	10	905–914	7905–7914	5401–5407
1891	P28	Stratford Works	10	915–924	7915–7924	5408–5414
1891–92	S28	Stratford Works	10	925–934	7925–7934	5414–5421
1892	X28	Stratford Works	10	936–945	7936–7945	5422–5427
1899	I45	Stratford Works	10	507–516	7507–7516	5428–5435
1899	S45	Stratford Works	10	517–526	7517–7526	5436–5439
1899	X45	Stratford Works	10	640–649	7640–7649	5440–5449
1906	A60	Stratford Works	10	552–561	7552–7561	5450–5459
1912	B70	Stratford Works	10	562–571	7562–7571	5460–5469
1913	G73	Stratford Works	10	542–551	7542–7551	5470–5479

Accidents and incidents

On 25 September 1900, a locomotive of the class was involved in a boiler explosion at Westerfield, Suffolk.^[5]^[6]
On 7 January 1927, locomotive No. 7613 was hauling a freight train that was in collision with a lorry at Roudham Heath, Norfolk, on the Breckland Line due to errors by the crossing keeper. The lorry driver was killed.^[7]
On 4 October 1929, locomotive No. 7938 was hauling a freight train that departed against a danger signal at Tottenham, London and was subsequently stopped foul of a junction. Both crew abandoned the locomotive before an express passenger train was in collision with it.^[8]

Notable features

As built all the locomotives had a stovepipe chimney; this was replaced in LNER days by a cast chimney with a small lip. The original Worsdell and early Holden series had three-ring boilers with the steam dome placed in the middle. Also the Worsdell boilers had a flat grate, however from 1890 Holden developed a boiler with a sloping grate and a two-ring telescopic barrel with the dome located well forward. The advantage of the dome position was a short 5½ inch steam pipe which limited pressure drop between the boiler and the cylinders. This boiler was adopted as standard and persisted on all Great Eastern Locomotives down to 1898; from then on it was perpetuated on the smaller locomotives as long as these remained essentially in their original configuration - which could be down to the 1960s.^[2]

As with all Great Eastern classes, the Y14 had a cab with a low wooden roof covered with canvas sealed by a coat of lead paint. This was replaced in LNER days by a higher arched sheet metal roof. Some engines had special side window cabs for service on the exposed Brightlingsea and Colne Valley branches.^[2]

Allocations

On 1 January 1923 there were 272 J15 locomotives in existence. They were allocated as follows:^[9]

Cambridge 48
Colchester 14
Ipswich 32
King's Lynn 5
Lincoln 3
Lowestoft 7
March 17
Norwich 36
Parkeston 2
Peterborough East 19
Stratford 91
Yarmouth 4

On 1 January 1948 when British Railways took running the nation's railways, there were 127 J15 locomotives in existence.^[10]

Unusually in 1957 a couple of the class were allocated to Aylesbury and worked freight trains on the former Great Western Railway branch from Princes Risborough to Watlington before being withdrawn in 1958.^[11]

In fiction

In The Railway Series children's books by Christopher Awdry, a Class J15 appears in the book Toby, Trucks and Trouble nicknamed "The Old Engine" despite the locomotive being younger than Toby.

Preservation

65462 at Sheringham

Number 564/7564/65462 is preserved on the North Norfolk Railway and owned by the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway Society.^[12] In 2002 the locomotive reached the end of a major overhaul and was painted in LNER (numbered 7564) and BR black numbered 65462) liveries for the duration of its boiler ticket. It originally operated in these liveries when classified as a J15 in LNER and BR days. Following withdrawal from service in 2013, the locomotive received another overhaul (completed 2015) where it was outshopped in GER lined blue and sporting its original number of 564 and representing its days when classified as a Y14.

Models

Hornby produces a ready-to-run model of the J15 in 00 gauge (4 mm) in BR (with the rebuilt high-arched cab roof) and LNER liveries (both as-built and high-arch cab roofs).^[13] Also in 00 gauge, there are kits from Alan Gibson and Nu-Cast. Finley and Smith produce a 3 mm kit.

References

↑ Locomotives of the Great Eastern Railway
1 2 3 The Class J15 (GER Class Y14) 0-6-0 Locomotives
↑ Allen 1961, p. 110.
↑ Baxter 2012, pp. 51–52, 67–72.
↑ Freestone, Jill; Smith, Richard W (1998). Ipswich Engines and Ipswich Men. Ipswich: Under Stoke History group. ISBN 0-9532257-0-4.
↑ http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/BoT_Westerfield1900.pdf
↑ Lt. Col A H Mount / Board of Trade (7 January 1927). "London and North Eastern Railway" (PDF). Retrieved 10 April 2016.
↑ Earnshaw 1990, p. 16.
↑ Yeadon, W B (1996). LNER Locomotive Allocations 1st January 1923 (The first day). Challenger Publications. ISBN 1-899624-19-8.
↑ "Steam Loco Class Information Class J15 Details". RailUK. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
↑ Great Eastern Railway Society Journal No 84 - letter and photograph from Dick Riley (October 1995)
↑ Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway Society - Home
↑ "National Model Rail Database". National Model Rail. Retrieved 13 September 2015.

Allen, Cecil J. (1961) [1955]. The Great Eastern Railway. London: Ian Allan.
Baxter, Bertram (2012). Baxter, David; Mitchell, Peter, eds. British Locomotive Catalogue 1825–1923, Volume 6: Great Eastern Railway, North British Railway, Great North of Scotland Railway, Midland & Great Northern Joint Railway, remaining companies in the LNER group. Southampton: Kestrel Railway Books. ISBN 978-1-905505-26-5.
Fry, E. V., ed. (September 1966). Locomotives of the L.N.E.R., Part 5: Tender Engines—Classes J1 to J37. Kenilworth: RCTS. ISBN 0-901115-12-6.
Earnshaw, Alan (1990). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 6. Penryn: Atlantic Books. ISBN 0-906899-37-0.
Freestone, Jill; Smith, Richard W. (1998). Ipswich Engines and Ipswich Men. Ipswich: Under Stoke History group. ISBN 0-9532257-0-4.
Yeadon, W. B. (1996). LNER Locomotive Allocations 1st January 1923 (The first day). Challenger Publications. ISBN 1-899624-19-8.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to GER Class Y14 / LNER Class J15.

Great Eastern Railway locomotives

R. Sinclair (1862–1866)	Z Y X W V

S. W. Johnson (1866–1876)	No. 1 125 201 202 417 204 109 477 T7 200 134 C8

Wm. Adams (1873–1878)	209 61 K9 230 527

M. Bromley (1878–1881)	E10 245 140 M12 552

T. W. Worsdell (1881–1885)	G14 Y14 G15 M15 G16

J. Holden (1885–1907)	T18 T19 127 E22 R24 D27 T26 N31 C32 P43 S44 S46 F48 C53 A55 D56 S56 G58

S. D. Holden (1907–1912)	Y65 G69 S69 E72

A. J. Hill (1912–1922)	C72 B74 L77 T77 D81 H88

London and North Eastern Railway locomotives

Pre-grouping railway designs:

Great Central:	A5 B1/B18 B2/B19 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 C4 C5 C13 C14 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 E2 E3 E8 F1 F2 G3 J8 J9 J10 J11 J12 J13 J58 J59 J60 J61 J62 J63 L1/L3 M1 N4 N5 N6 O4 O5 Q4 S1 X4 Y2

Great Eastern:	B12 D13 D14 D15 D16 E4 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 G4 J14 J15 J16 J17 J18 J19 J20 J65 J66 J67 J68 J69 J70 N7 Y4 Y5 Y6 Z4/J92

Great North of Scotland:	D38 D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48 G10 J90 J91 Z4 Z5

Great Northern:	A1 C1 C2 C12 D1 D2 D3 D4 E1 G1 G2 J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J50 J51 J52 J53 J54 J55 J56 J57 K1 K2 K3 N1 N2 O1 O2 Q1 Q2 Q3 R1

North British:	C10 C11 C15 C16 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30 D31 D32 D33 D34 D35 D36 D50 D51 E7 G7 G8 G9 J31 J32 J33 J34 J35 J36 J37 J81 J82 J83 J84 J85 J86 J88 N14 N15 Y9 Y10

North Eastern:	A2 A6 A7 B13 B14 B15 B16 C6 C7 C8 D17/1 D17/2 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 E5 E6 F8 G5 G6 H1 J21 J22 J24 J25 J26 J27 J71 J72 J73 J74 J76 J77 J78 J79 N8 N9 N10 Q5 Q6 Q7 T1 X1 X2 X3 Y7 Y8 EB1 EE1 EF1 ES1

North Eastern (ex Hull & Barnsley)	D24 J23 J28 J75 J80 N11 N12 N13 Q10

LNER designs:

Gresley (1923–1941):	A1 A3 A4 A8 B17 D49 J38 J39 J50 K4 P1 P2 U1 V1 V2 V3 V4 W1 EM1

Thompson (1941–1946):	A1 A2/1 A2/2 A2/3 B1 B2 K1 K5 L1 O1 Q1

Peppercorn (1946–1947):	A1 A2 K1

Other designs:

Proposed designs:

P10 2-8-2T (Nov 1929)
B 4-6-0 (Nov 1936)
? 4-8-2 (1939)
Q 0-8-0 (June 1930)
D 4-4-0 (1943)
? 4-8-4 (Feb 1946)
? 4-8-2 (Feb 1946)
K 2-6-0 (Aug 1947)

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