Fuquan (prince)
| Fuquan | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Prince Yu of the First Rank 裕親王 | |||||||||
| Prince Yu of the First Rank | |||||||||
| Reign | 1671–1703 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | None | ||||||||
| Successor | Baotai | ||||||||
| Born | 8 September 1653 | ||||||||
| Died | 10 August 1703 (aged 49) | ||||||||
| Spouse |
Lady Xiluke Lady Guwalgiya Lady Yang Lady Suo'ertuo Lady Tusaili Lady Nala Lady Yang Lady Fuca | ||||||||
| Issue |
Eldest daughter Changquan Zhansheng Second daughter Third daughter Fourth daughter Baotai Bao'an Baoshou Fifth daughter Baoyong Sixth daughter Seventh daughter | ||||||||
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| House | Aisin Gioro | ||||||||
| Father | Shunzhi Emperor | ||||||||
| Mother | Consort Ningque | ||||||||
| Fuquan | |||||||
| Chinese | 福全 | ||||||
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Fuquan （Manchu: ᡶᡠᠴᡳᠣᠸᠠᠨ; Möllendorff: Fuciowan; Abkai: Fuqiuwan (8 September 1653 – 10 August 1703), formally known as Prince Yu, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. He was the second son of the Shunzhi Emperor and a half-brother of the Kangxi Emperor.
Life
Fuquan was born in the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan as the second son of the Shunzhi Emperor. His mother was Consort Ningque (寧愨妃) from the Donggo (董鄂) clan.[1] Fuquan was conferred the title of "Prince Yu of the First Rank" (裕親王) on February 6, 1671.[2] In August 1690, the Kangxi Emperor granted Fuquan the title of "Generalissimo Who Pacifies Distant Lands" (撫遠大將軍) and sent him to lead a campaign against Galdan Boshugtu Khan, leader of the Dzungar Khanate. Assisted by the Kangxi Emperor's eldest son Yinzhi, Fuquan took his army north through the Gubeikou pass while his brother Changning led his troops through another pass, planning to converge on Galdan's position.[3] Fuquan met and attacked Galdan at Ulan Butung (350 kilometers north of Beijing) on September 3, 1690.[4] Galdan's troops protected themselves from Qing artillery by hiding behind rows of camels and by finding refuge in a nearby forest.[5] Although Galdan suffered losses, the battle was a standstill, yet Fuquan reported it as a victory.[6] He returned to the capital on December 22.[7] The Qing commanders who let Galdan escape were punished. Fuquan himself was stripped of his military post and dismissed from the council of princes and high officials.[8] He then retired from political life and later spent most of his time in literary circles.[9]
Family
- Father: Shunzhi Emperor
- Mother: Consort Ningque (寧愨妃), of the Donggo (董鄂) clan.
- Spouses:
- Primary spouse: Lady Xiluke (西魯克氏), daughter of Second Class Guard (二等侍衛) Ming'antu (明安圖).
- Secondary spouses:
- Lady Guwalgiya (瓜爾佳氏), daughter of Yita (艾塔).
- Lady Yang (楊氏), daughter of Yang An (楊安).
- Lady Suo'ertuo (索爾托氏), daughter of Wubao (烏實).
- Lady Tusaili (圖塞禮氏), daughter of Xidehun (西德諢).
- Lady Nara (納喇氏), daughter of Shangnamai (商納邁).
- Lady Yang (楊氏), daughter of Mose (默色).
- Lady Fuca (富察氏), daughter of Na'ertu (訥爾圖).
- Children:
- Eldest daughter (1671 - 1675), name unknown, born to Lady Xiluke.
- Changquan (昌全; 1675 - 1677), Fuquan's eldest son, born to Lady Xiluke.
- Zhansheng (詹升; 1678 - 1680), Fuquan's second son, born to Lady Fuca.
- Second daughter (1680 - 1683), name unknown, born to Lady Suo'ertuo.
- Third daughter (1680 - 1683), name unknown, born to Lady Xiluke.
- Fourth daughter (1681 - 1682), name unknown, born to Lady Guwalgiya.
- Baotai (保泰; 1682 - 1730), Fuquan's third son, born to Lady Guwalgiya. He inherited his father's title "Prince Yu of the First Rank".
- Bao'an (保安; 1683 - 1686), Fuquan's fourth son, born to Lady Tusaili.
- Baoshou (保綬; 1684 - 1706), Fuquan's fifth son, born to Lady Guwalgiya. He was posthumously granted the title of "Prince Yudao of the First Rank" (裕悼親王).
- Fifth daughter (1700 - 1733), name unknown, born to Lady Nara. She was granted the title of junzhu. In 1713 she married Luobozanggunbu (羅卜藏滾布), a prince of the Khorchin Mongols.
- Baoyong (寶永; 1701 - 1705), Fuquan's sixth son, born to Lady Yang (Mose's daughter).
- Sixth daughter (1701 - 1732), name unknown, born to Lady Nara. In 1716 she married Cangjin (倉金), a Prince of the Second Rank.
- Seventh daughter (1703 - 1704), name unknown, born to Lady Nara.
See also
Notes
Bibliography
- Fang, Chao-ying (1943). "Fu-ch'uan". In Hummel, Arthur W. Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912). Washington: United States Government Printing Office. pp. 251–52.
- Perdue, Peter C. (2005). China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia. Cambridge, Mass.; London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
- Qingshi gao 清史稿 ["Draft History of the Qing"]. Edited by Zhao Erxun 趙爾巽 et al. Completed in 1927. Citing from 1976-77 edition by Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, in 48 volumes with continuous pagination.