Floriano Peixoto

His Excellency
Floriano Peixoto

Marshal Floriano in 1891
2nd President of Brazil
In office
23 November 1891 – 15 November 1894
Vice President None
Preceded by Deodoro da Fonseca
Succeeded by Prudente de Morais
1st Vice President of Brazil
In office
26 February 1891 – 23 November 1891
President Deodoro da Fonseca
Preceded by Inaugural holder
Succeeded by Manuel Vitorino
Personal details
Born (1839-04-30)30 April 1839
Maceió, Alagoas, Empire of Brazil
Died 29 July 1895(1895-07-29) (aged 56)
Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Nationality Brazilian
Political party Independent
Spouse(s) Josina Peixoto
(m. 1872–1895; his death)
Signature
Military service
Nickname(s) The Iron Marshal
Allegiance Empire of Brazil Empire of Brazil
Brazil Brazil
Service/branch Brazilian Army
Years of service 1861–1889
Rank Field Marshal
Battles/wars Paraguayan War

Floriano Vieira Peixoto (Portuguese pronunciation: [floriˈɐ̃nu viˈejrɐ dʒi araˈuʒu pejˈʃotu] 30 April 1839 – 29 July 1895), born in Ipioca (today a district of the city of Maceió in the State of Alagoas), nicknamed "Iron Marshal",[1] was a Brazilian soldier and politician, a veteran of the Paraguayan War, and the second President of Brazil.[2] He is the first Vice President of Brazil to have succeeded a former President mid-term.

Election and Succession as President

Floriano Peixoto was an army Marshal when elected vice-president in February 1891. Later, in November 1891, he rose to the presidency following the resignation of Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, the first president of Brazil. Floriano Peixoto came to the presidency in a difficult period of the new Brazilian Republic, which was in the midst of a general political and economic crisis made worse by the effects of the bursting of the Encilhamento economic bubble.

Government

Floriano Peixoto defeated a naval officers' rebellion against him in 1893–1894 and a seditious military movement in the States of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina during the same years. His government was marked by increased centralization of power and nationalism.

Legacy

Monument to Marshal Floriano Peixoto in Downtown Rio de Janeiro

He is often referred to as "the Consolidator of the Republic" or "The Iron Marshal". He left the presidency on 15 November 1894. In spite of his unpopularity, he was responsible for the consolidation of the new Republican Government.

Desterro, the capital of the state of Santa Catarina, was renamed Florianópolis as punishment for its participation in the Federalist Revolution in 1894.

References

  1. ↑ "A República de Ferro" (in Portuguese). www1.folha.uol.com.br. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  2. ↑ Floriano Vieira Peixoto (in Portuguese)
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Political offices
Preceded by
Deodoro da Fonseca		 President of Brazil
1891–1894 		Succeeded by
Prudente de Morais
Preceded by
Office created		 Vice-President of Brazil
1891 		Succeeded by
Manuel Vitorino Pereira


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