FS Class 290

RA Class 350 bis
FS Class 290

FS locomotive 290.319 as preserved

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Builder	Borsig, Costruzioni Meccaniche di Saronno, Breda, Henschel & Son, Ansaldo, Miani & Silvestri, Maffei, MÁVAG, Maschinenfabrik Esslingen
Build date	1899-1913
Total produced	338

Specifications
UIC class	C'n2
Gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ¹⁄₂ in)
Driver dia.	1,510 mm (59.45 in)
Length	15,800 mm (51 ft 10 in)
Axle load	14.7 tonnes (14.5 long tons; 16.2 short tons)
Loco weight	43.8 tonnes (43.1 long tons; 48.3 short tons)
Tender weight	29.9 tonnes (29.4 long tons; 33.0 short tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	4,000 kg (8,800 lb)
Water cap	12,000 l (2,600 imp gal; 3,200 US gal)
Firebox: • Firegrate area	2.03 m² (21.9 sq ft)
Boiler pressure	12 kg/cm² (1.18 MPa; 171 psi)
Heating surface	120.88 m² (1,301.1 sq ft)
Cylinders	Two, outside
Cylinder size	355 mm × 650 mm (13.98 in × 25.59 in)
Valve gear	Stephenson

Performance figures
Maximum speed	60 km/h (37 mph)
Power output	500 PS (368 kW; 493 hp)
Tractive effort	8,740 kgf (85.7 kN; 19,300 lbf)

The Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS; Italian State Railways) Class 290 (Italian: Gruppo 290), formerly the Rete Adriatica Class 350 bis, is a 0-6-0 steam locomotive.

Design and construction

The Class 290 was a development of the earlier Class 270 locomotives, studied under the Rete Adriatica; it kept the wheelbase, but replaced the boiler with a slightly bigger one, with a minimally coned rear ring. Its construction was continued under the new FS management, which made it one of its twelve standard designs; it was the last and most successful 0-6-0 Italian locomotive.^[1]^[2]

The class was built by several Italian and foreign manufacturers, between 1899 and 1913. The first 30 locomotives were fitted with a two-axle tender, with a coal capacity of 3,400 kg (7,500 lb) and a water capacity of 8,000 l (1,800 imp gal; 2,100 US gal); the subsequent ones were fitted with the three-axle tender that would see widespread service under the FS (especially behind the Class 625 and Class 640 locomotives).^[3]^[4]

The first 112 locomotives were classified as Class RA 350 bis (with running numbers between 3631 and 3742); of these, 52 were taken over by the FS in July 1905 upon formation, while the other 60 were taken over by the new Strade Ferrate Meridionali (Southern Railways), a rump of the RA, until its incorporation with the FS in July 1906.^[5]^[6]

Service

The class saw widespread service on the Italian network, with the first members of the class being sent to work as helpers on the steep lines around Fabriano and Sulmona.

Some locomotives were withdrawn relatively early, but as many as 60 were still active after World War II; however, their activity ceased by the end of the 1950s.^[7]^[8]

Preservation

The last member of the class to remain active, the 290.319, survived into preservation; it is currently kept in the Pietrarsa railway museum.^[9]

References

↑ Cornolò, p. 164
↑ Kalla-Bishop, p. 25
↑ Cornolò, p. 164-6
↑ Kalla-Bishop, ibidem
↑ Cornolò, ibidem
↑ Kalla-Bishop, ibidem
↑ Cornolò, p. 167
↑ Kalla-Bishop, p. 26
↑ Cornolò, ibidem

Cornolò, Giovanni (May 2014). "Locomotive a vapore". TuttoTreno (2).
Kalla-Bishop, P.M. (1986). Italian state railways steam locomotives : together with low-voltage direct current and three-phase motive power. Abingdon: Tourret. ISBN 0905878035.

Classes of Ferrovie dello Stato locomotives

Steam

Tender locomotives	100 102 103 110^I 110^II 111 112 113 114 116 117 118 119^I 119^II 120 121 122 136 139 140 150 155 158 160 161 162 163 164 170 180 181^I 181^II 182^I 182^II 183 185 186 187 190 193 194 195 196 197 198 200 201 206 207 208 209 211 212 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 255 260 261 262 265 268 269 270 271 272 290 291 292 293 310 320 380 385 388 390 391 394 395 396 397 400 410 420 421 422 423 424 425 450 451 452 453 454 455 460 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 482 499^I 499^II 500 510 512 513 530 540^I 540^II 542 543 545 550 552 553 554 555 556 560 600 601 603 604 605 606 607 623 625 626 630 640^I 640^II 645 650 652 653 656 660 666 670 671 672 675 676 677 680 681 682 683^I 683^II 685 686 687 688 690^I 690^II 691 720 728 729 730 731 735 736 737 740 741^I 741^II 743^I 743^II 744 745 746 747^I 747^II 750

Tank locomotives	800^I 800^II 801 802^I 802^II 803^I 803^II 804 805 806 809 810^I 810^II 811 812 813 814 815^I 815^II 815^III 816 817 818 819 820^I 820^II 821^I 821^II 822 823 824 825 826^I 826^II 827 828^I 828^II 828^III 829 830^I 830^II 831 835 842 848 849 850^I 850^II 851 870 871 874^I 874^II 875 876 877 880^I 880^II 881 882 885 893 894 895 896^I 896^II 897 898 899^I 899^II 900 902 904 905 906 910 912 915 940 950 980 981 999

Narrow gauge locomotives	R.201 R.202 R.300 R.301 R.302 R.305 R.306 R.310 R.370 R.401 R.402 R.410 R.440 R.441 R.442 R.443 R.600 P U

Electric

Rechargeable battery	E.421

650 V DC Third rail	E.220 E.320 E.321 E.420 E.620

3,6 kV AC Three-Phase	E.330 E.331 E.332 E.333 E.360 E.380 E.390 E.430 E.431 E.432 E.550 E.551 E.552 E.554

10,6 kV AC Three-Phase	E.470 E.471 E.472 E.570

3 kV DC	E.321 E.322 E.323 E.324 E.326 E.400 E.402A E.402B E.403 E.404 E.405 E.412 E.414 E.424 E.428 E.434 E.444 E.444R E.447 E.453 E.454 E.464 E.621 E.625 E.626 E.632 E.633 E.636 E.645 E.646 E.652 E.655 E.656

25 kV AC	E.491 E.492

Diesel

Light shunters	206 207 208^I 208^II 209 210 211 R.212 213^I 213^II 214 215 216 218^I

Shunters	218^II 225 234 235 236 245 250 255

Heavy shunters	Ne 120 D.141 RD.142 D.143 D.145 D.146 D.147 356 372 Ne 700

Train locomotives	D.341 D.342 D.343 D.345 D.442 D.443 D.445 D.449 D.461

see also Category:Rolling stock of Italy

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