# F-space

For F-spaces in general topology, see sub-Stonean space.

In functional analysis, an F-space is a vector space V over the real or complex numbers together with a metric d : V × VR so that

1. Scalar multiplication in V is continuous with respect to d and the standard metric on R or C.
2. Addition in V is continuous with respect to d.
3. The metric is translation-invariant; i.e., d(x + a, y + a) = d(x, y) for all x, y and a in V
4. The metric space (V, d) is complete

Some authors call these spaces Fréchet spaces, but usually the term is reserved for locally convex F-spaces. The metric may or may not necessarily be part of the structure on an F-space; many authors only require that such a space be metrizable in a manner that satisfies the above properties.

## Examples

Clearly, all Banach spaces and Fréchet spaces are F-spaces. In particular, a Banach space is an F-space with an additional requirement that d(αx, 0) = |α|⋅d(x, 0).[1]

The Lp spaces are F-spaces for all p ≥ 0 and for p ≥ 1 they are locally convex and thus Fréchet spaces and even Banach spaces.

### Example 1

is an F-space. It admits no continuous seminorms and no continuous linear functionals — it has trivial dual space.

### Example 2

Let be the space of all complex valued Taylor series

on the unit disc such that

then (for 0 < p < 1) are F-spaces under the p-norm:

In fact, is a quasi-Banach algebra. Moreover, for any with the map is a bounded linear (multiplicative functional) on .

## See also

K-space (functional analysis)

## References

1. Dunford N., Schwartz J.T. (1958). Linear operators. Part I: general theory. Interscience publishers, inc., New York. p. 59
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